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Chapter 1 - Rate of Reaction (Textbook Chapter 7) : Form 5 SPM Chemistry
Chapter 1 - Rate of Reaction (Textbook Chapter 7) : Form 5 SPM Chemistry
(TEXTBOOK CHAPTER 7)
• 2 WAYS
• I) AVERAGE REACTION
RATE (OVER PERIOD)
• II) INSTANTANEOUS
REACTION RATE (AT
THAT PARTICULAR
TIME)
NOTES!!!
0 0
1 25
2 40
3 51
4 58
5 63
6 68
7 70
8 70
9 70
10 70
EMPTY GRAPH FOR WHITEBOARD
Why?
(Some of the CO2 is dissolved
in water during gas collection)
So how?
(I don’t know??)
Solubility of gas is
g/100 g of water at 25
C, 1 atm
COLLISION THEORY – F1: TOTAL EXPOSED SURFACE AREA
• Concentration increases
• Number of reacting particles per unit volume increases
1
• Freq. of collision between reacting particles increases
• Freq. of EFFECTIVE collision between reacting particles
2 increases
1 2
WHY?
WHEN PRESSURE
INCREASES(REDUCTION IN
VOLUME), REACTION RATE
INCREASES DUE TO THE
INCREASE IN FREQUENCY
OF COLLISION BETWEEN
REACTING PARTICLES PER
UNIT VOLUME.
*HERE, THE REACTING
PARTICLES ARE OXYGEN
GAS IN AIR.
FACTOR 5 – CATALYST
EFFECT ON RATE OF
REACTION
FIRSTLY, HOW DOES CATALYST LOOK LIKE?
WHAT DOES CATALYST LOOKS LIKE?
COMMON CATALYST IN DAILY LIFE –
CATALYTIC CONVERTER IN A CAR EXHAUST.
“SEE-THROUGH CATALYTIC CONVERTER”
8 CHARACTERISTICS OF CATALYSTS
• POSITIVE CATALYST.
WORKS BY LOWERING THE
ACTIVATION ENERGY.
• *ACTIVATION ENERGY IS
THE MINIMUM ENERGY
REQUIRED TO OVERCOME
IN ORDER FOR REACTION
TO OCCUR
•
COLLISION AND EFFECTIVE COLLISION
Exo (Out)
Exothermic reaction is reaction that releases
heat to surrounding, causing the temperature to
increase.
ON THE LEFT (REACTION WITHOUT
CATALYST)
ON THE RIGHT (REACTION WITH CATALYST)
ENDOTHERMIC REACTION
EXAMPLE: A + B C (TEMP. DECREASES)
Endo (IN)
Endothermic reaction is a reaction that absorbs
heat from the surrounding, causing the
temperature of the surrounding to decrease.
SO, IF POSITIVE CATALYST WORKS BY LOWERING THE ACTIVATION ENERGY, WHAT
ABOUT NEGATIVE CATALYST?