Basic Electronics

Lecturer :
Chanaka Hettiarachchi
MCP/MCSA
+230v

(50Hz)50 time per second goes to +230 -230

AC current used for high
-230v power transporting

AC to DC convert
AC water moter it
doesn’t actually thinking

+19v Use for digital electronics

Binary 0100 100 11

1 for yes
0 for no

Cell phone/Laptops actually thinking devices

 Ground

X = Volts

OV
 Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Ohm's Law

Resistance
Size of the
Current
bullet

Speed is Voltage

Weight
Speed is Voltage

Resistance
 Transistor

BJT

PNP NPN
PNP E

INPUT
P Emitter

P N P
+ - +
N
B Base

E B C
Emitter Base Collector
P

OUTPUT
C
Collector
PNP Applications IF positive voltage 2.6V = OFF mode
IF negative voltage 0V = ON mode

C
NPN

INPUT
Collector

N P N
- + - N

Base P

E B C N
Base Collector
Emitter

OUTPUT
Emitter
NPN Applications
IF positive voltage 2.6V = ON mode
IF negative voltage 0V = OFF mode

E
 INPUT EN OUTPUT

NPN C G +V E
PNP E G 0V C
Testing Of transistor When the black probe at single point
value comes with two sides its PNP

P N P
+ - +
Reading Reading
 When the red probe at single point
value comes with two sides its NPN

Reading

N P N
- + -
Reading
 MOSFET
Lecturer :
Chanaka Hettiarachchi
MCP/MCSA Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor

Internal Structure

N-Channel MOSFET P-Channel MOSFET

D D
D S

G G

S D
S S
 Surface View

D D

8 7 6 5 4 3
1 6

1 2 2 5
2 3 4
1 2 3 4 1 D 3

S G
G S

SO8 D-PAK S03 SO6

Real appearance of MOSFET
 N-Channel MOSFET P-Channel MOSFET

D D D D D D D D

S S S G S S S G

Switch / Regulator
(Switching Circuit)

● N channel MOSFET lets power through ● P channel MOSFET lets power through
when voltage on gate is HIGHER or equal to source when voltage on gate is LOWER than source
 Diode
0.70v(drop)
+ 10v + 10v

+ 9.4V or +9.5v
0.70v

0.30v(drop)
+ 10v

+ 9.7v
 N – Channel P – Channel
Input = D (Drain)
D D

- N (Anode) + P (Cathode)
G G
+ P (Cathode) - N (Anode)

S S
Input = S (source)
VIN VIN
19V = D 19V = S
EN G = 0V 5V 10V 16V 17.5v 22V + EN G = 0V 10V 14V 17V 17.5v 18V
O/P S = 0V 2. V 7V 13V 14V 19V O/P D = 19V 19V 19V 18V 14V 0V
 How MOSFETS P-Channel work on a circuit

● P channel MOSFET lets power through when voltage on gate is LOWER than source

What Voltage is Present on the drain [D] when 19v is on the source[S] and gate[G] of this MOSFET ?

19V ?

19V
(2) Source lets power 19v to
drain

19v

5V

(1) P type MOSFET opens when voltage on the gate is lower

than what is present on the source. Schematic claims 5v
19V
 How MOSFETS N-Channel work on a circuit

● N channel MOSFET lets power through when voltage on gate is HIGHER or equal to source

0V
0V