Structure and bonding

Three Main Types Of Chemical Bonding:

Ionic Bonding: this occurs when a metal bonds with a non-metal
Covalent Bonding: This occurs when two or more non-metals bond
Metallic Bonding: this occurs within metals
Chemical Formulae
• Molecular Formula: This gives the actual number of atoms of each element present in one
molecule of a compound.
• Chemical Formula: This is a diagrammatic representation of one molecule of the compound.
Lines between the atoms are used to represent bonds.
• Empirical Formula: This gives the simplest whole number ratio between the elements in the
compound.
How To Write Empirical Formulae of Compounds Formed From Two
Elements:

When forming a compound, both types of atom must lose, gain or shar the same number of valence
electrons. The sum of the valences of each element in the compound must be equal.
To write the empirical formula of a compound formed from two elements:
• Determine the valences of each element in the compound.
• Write the symbol of the first element. If a metal is present, always write its symbol first.
• Write the valency of the second element immediately after the symbol of the first element in subscript.
• Write the symbol of the second element immediately after the subscript.
• Write the valency of the first element immediately after the symbol of the second element in subscript.
Ionic Bonding
• Occurs between a metal and a non-metal.