MATHEMATICS KSSM

FORM 3
CHAPTER 9 :STRAIGHT
LINES

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9.1 Straight Lines

9.1.1 Make connection

between the equation,
y=mx+c, and the gradient and
y-intercept, and hence make
generalization about the
equation of a straight line.

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9.1 Straight Lines

What is the equation

of a straight line ?

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9.1 Straight Lines
Recap: Graph recognition

 Name:
-axis / vertical paksi
axis mencancang
 Scale:
1 box represent 2 units
 Name:
-axis / horizontal
paksiaxis
mengufuk
 Scale:  
1 box represent 1 unit

Chekgu
9.1 Straight Lines
Recap: Graph Represented by two
curves in separate
Represented by a Represented by a Represented by a quadrant.
straight line. curve. curve. Power of x is -
Highest power of x is Highest power of x is Highest power of x is
1 2 3

 
𝑦 𝑦
   
𝑦  
𝑦

𝑥
 
𝑥
 

𝑥
 
𝑥
 

Linear Quadratic Cubic Reciprocal

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9.1 Straight Lines
Recap: Gradient
 
𝑦2− 𝑦1  
𝑜𝑟
 
𝑦 −𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡
𝑚= 𝑚=−
𝑥 2 − 𝑥1 𝑥−𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡
 
𝑦 𝑦
 
𝑦
 
𝑦
 

 
𝑥 𝑥
 
𝑥
 
𝑥
 

𝑚>0 𝑚<0 𝑚=0 𝑚=𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑

       

Chekgu
9.1 Straight Lines
Recap: Gradient
 
𝑚=∞
𝑦
 

−
 
𝑚=3
+¿
   

∞ ∞
   
 
𝑚=1
0
 
 
𝑥
 
𝑚=0
https://www.mathsisfun.com/equation_of_line.html
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9.1 Straight Lines

How to write straight line equation ?

 
𝑦=𝑚𝑥+ 𝑐  
𝑥 𝑦
+ =1
Gradient form 𝑎 𝑏
  Intercept form

General form
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9.1 Straight Lines

Equation of the straight line

In general, the equation of straight line :

𝑦=𝑚𝑥+ 𝑐
 

gradient y-intercept
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9.1 Straight Lines

Equation of the straight line

The graph of function parallel to x-axis The graph of function parallel to y-axis
 
𝑦  
𝑦
h
 
y=h x=h
 
𝑥  
𝑥
h
 

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9.1 Straight Lines Example 1 𝑦=𝑚𝑥+𝑐
 

Determine the gradient and y-intercept of the straight line. gradient

y-intercept
a) y= 2x + 9 b) 3y = -2x + 12

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9.1 Straight Lines Example 2

State the value of h for the straight line graph below.

State the reasons for your answer.
(a)  
𝑦 (b)  
𝑦 𝑥=h
 

  8 𝑃(4,8)
  
 
(−2,6)
6 (0,6)
   
𝑃(3,6)
  
𝑦=h
 
𝑄
 
4
   
(4,4)

𝑄
   
(4,0)
𝑥
𝑥
   
−2
   0   3 0
 
4
 

h = 6 because the straight line y = 6 H = 4 because the straight line x = 4

Is always 6 units from the x-axis Is always 4 units from the y-axis

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 Practice makes Perfect
From Zero to Hero

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 Thanks!
Any questions?

You can find me at

@ChekguRaihan
https://www.youtube.com/c/ChekguRaihan

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