How plant grow?

Checkpoint 2
 What is starch 淀粉 ?
• A chain of glucose molecules which are bound together to form a bigger
molecules
• Called polysaccharides
• Starch produced by all green plants
A test for starch
1st: Cut a small, very thin slice of potato
2nd: examine under the microscope
3rd: 你觉得现在你看到的 cells 是什么颜色？
4th : add dilute solution of Iodine 碘溶液
5th : 现在你觉得变成什么颜色？

Blue black
 Boil the leaf in alcohol  to remove the green pigment, chlorophyll
Why do we need to destarch a plant ?
• A plant without starch
• To test the effect of CO2
• To carry out photosynthesis experiment
Oxygen production in plant.
Question:
1. What can you use to test the oxygen

Glowing Splinter

Light Up
Photosynthesis Equation
Energy transfer in
photosynthesis
Light Energy

Chlorophyll

Store chemical energy

Biomass
 Wet Biomass
• Mass of living things when it is alive

 Dry Biomass
• The biomass of organism after the water has been removed
• The living thing has to be killed and dried out
THE TRANSPORT OF WATER
THROUGH A PLANT
• Plant roots have projections called root hair
• The tips of the root hair grow out into spaces between the soil particles
• Greatly increase the surface area of the root  large quantities of water can pass through them into
the plant
• The plant does not need energy to take the water in
• Mineral salt are dissolved in the soil water , plant has to use energy to take them in
• This energy is provided by the root cells when they use oxygen in respiration
Tube of transporting
water
• Plant cells form tubes to transport water
• The cells form column in the plant when they die the wall between them break down to form tubes
• Water – conducting tube  xylem vessels
• A group of xylem vessels  vascular bundles
The cell structure of the leaf
Key words:
1. Wax 蜡 Cuticle – prevent water passing in or out of the leaf
2. Epidermis 表皮 – form at the upper layer
3. Palisade tissue 栅栏层 – involved with making food
4. Spongy mesophyll tissue 海绵状叶肉组织 – make food & provide surface for evaporation of water
5. Stomata 气孔
Vein in a leaf • Appear as circle or oval
• Contain vascular bundle made up of xylem tissue and
phylem tissue
• Xylem - carry water to the leaf
• Phylem  carry food away
How water moves through a plant ?

• Water evaporate from cells in the spongy mesophyll cell , water vapour form
• If there is less water vapour outside the leaf than inside , water vapour will diffuse through stomata
• End up, spongy mesophyll cell lack of water so they take more water from the xylem tissue in the vein
• The water lost in the vein will replace by water passing up the xylem tissue from root and stem
• This process is called transpiration