5 Stages of Second Language Acquisition

1 Silent or Receptive
Phase
2 Early Production
3 Speech Emergence or
Production
4 Intermediate Fluency

5 Continued Language Development or

Fluency
 •• Erma
Erma
NP+VP broke
broke
NP+VP
thewindow.
the window.
Transformational
he small boy
Transformational-

Structure Rules
e small boy
wwGeorge
Georgewith
with

Structure
Deep and
• The

Surface
Phrase
•
crazyThe
horse
Rules
razy horse
cently.window was
ently.
window was Generative
oy thebroken
broken
Myrna by
by
y the Myrna
Erma.
w.w. Erma.
Grammar
 “Deepstructure
ations
“Deep
tions structure
Principles and
Preservation
lof
of
shouldbe
be
Structure
should

Principle

Projection
Principle
preservedby
preserved byaa Parameters
om
m the
movement
the
movement
transformation”
transformation” Approach
 unction
unction
Instrumental
Instrumental
ing
ng
Regulatory
Regulatory
cMode)
Mode) Organization
Information

Systematic
Linguistics
Mapping
Interactional
Interactional
Personal
Personal
Heuristic
o-Form
Heuristic
Functionalism
o-Form
Imagination
ing
Imagination
ng
Representational
Mode)
Representational
Mode)
 rolinguistics
Internal
olinguistics
Internal
rning
ning• • Transformational-
Transformational-
cesses Generative
esses Generative
• Principles
Principlesand
onnectionism and

Psychological
Framework

Framework
•
nnectionism

Framework

Linguistic
Parameters
rocessability
Social

Parameters
ocessability Frameworks
• • Minimalist
Minimalist
omplexity
mplexity of SLA
Program
Program
rner• Interface
ner • Interface
erences
rences
umanistic
umanistic
External
External
pproach
• • Functionalism
pproach Functionalism