Boyle’s Law

• Pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its

volume.
Constant T and amount of gas
Graph P vs. V is curve
Graph P vs. 1/V is straight line
• As P increases, V decreases by the same factor.
• P × V = constant
• P1 × V1 = P2 × V2

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 1. Boyle’s Law

Boyle’s Law leads to the mathematical

expression: *Assuming temp is constant

P1V1=P2V2
Where P1 represents the initial pressure

V1 represents the initial volume,

And P2 represents the final pressure

V2 represents the final volume

Boyle’s Law

states that for a given mass

of gas at constant temperature,
the volume of the gas varies
inversely with pressure.
Boyle’s Law

Guide Questions
How are the pressure and
volume of a gas related?
Lecture Presentation

BOYLE’S LAW

Elynita D. Ayaman
 1. Intro to Boyle’s Law
 Imagine that you hold the tip of a
syringe on the tip of your finger so
no gas can escape. Now push
down on the plunger of the syringe.

What happens to the volume in the

syringe?

What happens to the pressure the

gas is exerting in the syringe?
Part B: The Gas Laws
Part B:
Learning Goals
I will be able to describe
Boyle’s, Charles’ and Gay-
Lussac’s Laws relating T,
P and/or V and be able to
calculate unknown values
using the equations
derived from these laws, as
well as the combined gas
law.
Boyle’s Law: P1V1 = P2V2
 Boyle’s Law
 Pressure and volume
are inversely related at
constant temperature.
 PV = K
 As one goes up, the other
goes down.
 P1V1 = P2V2
“Father of Modern Chemistry”
Robert Boyle
Chemist & Natural Philosopher
Listmore, Ireland
January 25, 1627 – December 30, 1690
14.2 The Gas Laws >

A sample of neon gas occupies a

volume of 677 mL at 134 kPa. What is
the pressure of the sample if the
volume is decreased to 642 mL?
P1  V1 = P2  V2
V1  P1
P2 =
V2
677 mL  134 kPa
P2 =
642 mL

P2 = 141 kPa
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14.2 The Gas Laws >

A sample of neon gas occupies a

volume of 677 mL at 134 kPa. What is
the pressure of the sample if the
volume is decreased to 642 mL?

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14.2 The Gas Laws > Sample Problem
Problem 14.1
14.1

2 Calculate Solve for the unknown.

Substitute the known values for P1, V1,

and P2 into the equation and solve.

30.0 L  103 kPa

V2 =
25.0 kPa

V2 = 1.24  102 L

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14.2 The Gas Laws > Sample Problem
Problem 14.1
14.1

2 Calculate Solve for the unknown.

Rearrange the equation to isolate V2.

P 1  V1 = P 2  V 2 Isolate V2 by dividing
both sides by P2:
P1  V1 = P2  V2
P2
V 1  P1 P2
V2 =
P2

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14.2 The Gas Laws > Sample Problem
Problem 14.1
14.1

2 Calculate Solve for the unknown.

Start with Boyle’s law.

P 1  V 1 = P2  V 2

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14.2 The Gas Laws > Sample Problem
Problem 14.1
14.1

1 Analyze List the knowns and the

unknown.
Use Boyle’s law (P1  V1 = P2  V2) to
calculate the unknown volume (V2).

KNOWNS UNKNOWN
P1 = 103 kPa V2 = ? L
V1 = 30.0 L
P2 = 25.0 kPa

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14.2 The Gas Laws > Sample Problem
Problem 14.1
14.1

Using Boyle’s Law

A balloon contains 30.0 L of
helium gas at 103 kPa. What is
the volume of the helium when
the balloon rises to an altitude
where the pressure is only
25.0 kPa? (Assume that the
temperature remains constant.)

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14.2 The Gas Laws > Boyle’s Law

• Robert Boyle was the first person to

study this pressure-volume
relationship in a systematic way.
• Boyle’s law states that for a given
mass of gas at constant temperature,
the volume of the gas varies inversely
with pressure.

P 1  V1 = P 2  V 2

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14.2 The Gas Laws > Boyle’s Law

If the temperature is constant, as

the pressure of a gas increases, the
volume decreases.
• As the pressure decreases, the volume
increases.

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14.2 The Gas Laws > Boyle’s Law

Boyle’s Law
How are the pressure and volume
of a gas related?

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14.2 The Gas Laws >

Chapter 14
The Behavior of Gases

14.1 Properties of Gases

14.2 The Gas Laws

14.3 Ideal Gases

14.4 Gases: Mixtures and Movements

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 Gas Laws Explained – Boyle’s Law
• Boyle’s Law says that the volume of a gas is
inversely proportional to the pressure
Decreasing the volume forces the molecules into
a smaller space.
• More molecules will collide with the
container at any one instant, increasing the
pressure.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Lecture Presentation

Chapter 5

Gases

Christian Madu, Ph.D.

Collin College
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
 Boyle’s Law and Diving

• If a diver holds his or her breath and rises

to the surface quickly, the outside pressure
drops to 1 atm.
According to Boyle’s law, what should happen
to the volume of air in the lungs?
• Because the pressure is decreasing by a
factor of 3, the volume will expand by a
factor of 3, causing damage to internal
organs.
Always exhale when rising!
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 Boyle’s Law and Diving
• For every 10 m of depth,
a diver experiences
approximately one
additional atmosphere
of pressure due to the
weight of the
surrounding water.
• At 20 m, for example,
the diver experiences
approximately 3 atm of
pressure.

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 Molecular Interpretation of Boyle’s Law

As the volume of a gas sample is decreased, gas molecules collide

with surrounding surfaces more frequently, resulting in greater
pressure.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.