PRESENTATION ON

STEEL MELTING SHOP

BY:
DIPTI DUBEY.
METALLURGY 5th SEM
STEEL MELTING SHOP
STEEL MELTING SHOP
 Heart of the steel making operation. 
 Refining of steel in SMS can be divided into two

segments : Primary steelmaking and secondary

steelmaking.
 Two steel melting shops at JSPL, Raigarh have following

equipments; one EAF, two LRF, two vacuum degassing

one RH and three continuous caster.
STEEL MELTING SHOP FLOWCHART
RAW MATERIALS IN SMS
 Pig Iron-52%.
 Sponge Iron-46%.
 Scrap-2%.
 Lime and dolomite are added as flux.
ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE
ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE
 An electric arc furnace (EAF) is a furnace that heats
charged material by means of an electric arc.
 EAF process includes:
o Melting.
o Slag formation.
o Dephosphorization.
o Decarburization.
o Desiliconisation.
o Melting: Three graphite electrodes are used having
diameter of 400 mm.
Continue…

 Slag formation: slag consists of metallic oxides,

and acts as a destination for oxidizing impurities.
 Dephosphorization:
o Strong oxidizing medium.
o High temperature.
o High basicity in slag.
 Decarburization:
o High temperature.
o High basicity.
LADLE REFINING FURNACE
LADLE REFINING FURNACE
 Secondary steel refining process or post melting
treatment.
 Ladle Refining Furnaces are a proven technology used

for improving the productivity from a steel plant.

 Ladle Refining process includes:

◦ Argon purging.
◦ Desulphurization.
◦ Deoxidation.
◦ Addition of alloying elements.
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 Desulphurization:
◦ Requires reducing medium.
◦ High temperature.
 Deoxidization:
◦ Metallic deoxidizers like:Al,Mn,Si are added.
STRUCTURE OF VACUUM DEGASSING
VACUUM DEGASSING

 It is a secondary refining process under

vacuum to remove the gaseous components
such as hydrogen.
SECTIONAL VIEW OF RH DEGASSER
RH DEGASSER
It is used for producing high purity steels at
integrated mills.
 The RH equipment injects argon gas into one

(suction tube) of the two tubes (snorkels)

immersed in the molten steel in the ladle.
CASTER
 Casting is the process whereby molten metal is
solidified into a "semi finished" billet, bloom, or slab
for subsequent rolling in the finishing mills.
 Types of Caster

Billet Casting
Combi Casting
Slab Casting
 Billets:

◦ Billet casters cast smaller section sizes, such as

below 200 mm square, with lengths up to 12 m
long.
Continue…
 Combi caster:
◦ Beam blank:480*420*120
350*290*90
◦ Bloom:285*390
250*250 rail
◦ Round:255,280,305,350
 Slabs:

Width:1350-260mm.
thickness:215,250,280mm.
THANKYOU