MATH 3

PROBLEM SOLVING
LET'S LEARN!
Example 1:
Suppose 5 buses are now on their way to Vatican City for a tour. If there are 45
tourists in each bus, how many tourists are there in all?

Step 1
IDENTIFY WHAT IS ASKED.
The total number of tourists going to Vatican City

Step 2
IDENTIFY THE GIVEN DATA.
5 --> number of buses
45 --> number of tourists per bus
Step 3
IDENTIFY THE OPERATION(S) TO BE USED.
MULTIPLICATION
LET'S LEARN!
Example 1:
Suppose 5 buses are now on their way to Vatican City for a tour. If there are 45 tourists
in each bus, how many tourists are there in all?

Step 4 THE NUMBER SENTENCE THAT WILL GIVE THE ANSWER.

FORM
45 X 5 = N

Step 5 THE NUMBER SENTENCE AND GIVE THE COMPLETE.

SOLVE
ANSWER, TOGETHER WITH UNIT AND THE LABEL.
1

45
X 5 Therefore, there are 225 tourists going to Vatican City

225
LET'S LEARN!
Example 2:
Different kinds of rosaries are sold aound Vatican City. Janine buys 6 small rosaries
worth € 6 each and 3 ring rosaries worth € 2 each. If she pays € 50, how much change
should she receive?

Step 1
IDENTIFY WHAT IS ASKED.
Find the amount of change Janine should receive
after
Step 2 paying for all rosaries.
IDENTIFY THE GIVEN DATA.
€6 --> cost of a small rosary
6 rosaries --> number of small rosaries Janine buys
€2 --> cost of a ring rosary
3 rosaries --> number of ring rosaries Janine buys
€50 --> amount Janine pays for all the rosaries
LET'S LEARN!
Example 2:
Different kinds of rosaries are sold aound Vatican City. Janine buys 6 small
rosaries worth € 6 each and 3 ring rosaries worth € 2 each. If she pays € 50, how
much change should she receive?

Step 3IDENTIFY THE OPERATION(S) TO BE USED.

Addition, Subtraction and Multiplication
Step 4
FORM THE NUMBER SENTENCE THAT WILL GIVE THE ANSWER.

50 - (6 x 6 + 3 x 2) = N
LET'S LEARN!
Example 2:
Different kinds of rosaries are sold aound Vatican City. Janine buys 6 small
rosaries worth € 6 each and 3 ring rosaries worth € 2 each. If she pays € 50, how
much change should she receive?

Step 5SOLVE THE NUMBER SENTENCE AND GIVE THE COMPLETE

50 - (6 x WITH
ANSWER, TOGETHER 6+3 x 2)
UNIT = THE
AND N LABEL

50 - ( 36 + 6 )=N

50 - 42 =N
Janine should receive a
8 =N charge of € 8.
LET'S LEARN!
Example 3:
In a shop, Marie pays € 42 for 10 items, which are mugs and key chains. If each mug
costs € 5 and each key chain costs € 3, how many of each kind of item does she buy?

To solve this problem, use the GUESS AND CHECK STRATEGY.

FIRST, make a guess for the number of each kind of item bought. Write the number
sentence, then check the answer.
GUESS NUMBER OF PRICE OF NUMBER OF PRICE OF 1 NUMBER SENTENCE TOTAL COST
MUGS 1 MUG KEY KEY CHAIN
BOUGHT CHAINS
BOUGHT

1 4 €5 6 €3 4 X 5 + 6 X 3 = N N = € 38

As shown in the table, the total cost is not € 42. Adjust the previous
guess to make another guess. Then check the answer.
LET'S LEARN!
Example 3:
In a shop, Marie pays € 42 for 10 items, which are mugs and key chains. If each
mug costs € 5 and each key chain costs € 3, how many of each kind of item does
she buy?

Since
GUESS
the total
NUMBER OF
cost is stillPRICE
PRICE OF NUMBER OF
notOF 1€ 42,NUMBER
make another
SENTENCE TOTAL COST
guess. BOUGHT
Then
MUGS check
1 MUG theKEYanswer.
CHAINS
KEY CHAIN

BOUGHT

1 4 €5 6 €3 4 X 5 + 6 X 3 = N N = € 38
2 5 €5 5 €3 5 X 5 + 5 X 3 = N N = € 40
LET'S LEARN!
Example 3:
In a shop, Marie pays € 42 for 10 items, which are mugs and key chains. If each
mug costs € 5 and each key chain costs € 3, how many of each kind of item does
she buy?

Since
GUESS
the total
NUMBER OF
cost is € 42,
PRICE OF NUMBER OF
then theNUMBER
PRICE OF 1
third guess is
SENTENCE TOTAL COST
correct.MUGS
Hence,1 MUG
Marie buys
KEY 6KEY
mugs
CHAIN and 4 key chains.
BOUGHT CHAINS
BOUGHT

1 4 €5 6 €3 4 X 5 + 6 X 3 = N N = € 38
2 5 €5 5 €3 5 X 5 + 5 X 3 = N N = € 40
3 6 €5 4 €3 6 X 5 + 4 X 3 = N N = € 42
CONCEPT AND SKILLS!

Gela has 6 of the heaviest euro coins, 50 orange bills, 3 blue bills, and 2 yellow bills. How much euro
does she have?

1. What are given?

2. Which among the given information are needed to solve the problem?
3. Which among the given information are not needed to solve the problem?
4. Write the number sentence required to solve the problem.
5. What is the answer?
CONCEPT AND SKILLS!

Gela used 2 orange bills, 1 blue bill, and 4 of the heaviest coins to buy some books. How much is left of
her euro?

1. What is asked in th problem?

2. Which among the given information are needed to solve the problem?
3. What operations should be used to solve the problem?
4.What is the number sentence required to solve the problem?
5. What is the answer?
CONCEPT AND SKILLS!
11. Mr. and Mrs. Fernandez bought a wooden cross worth €55 for their altar. If €1 is
equivalent to about ₱57, how much is the cross in pesos?

12. A magazine costs €2 and a newspaper costs €1. Mr. Jose buys 14 magazines and 7
newspapers. How much should he pay for all the magazones and newspapers?

13. MArie and Tessa stayed for 4 nights and ordered 6 meals at a hotel. If they paid €45 per
night and €5 per meal, how much did they spend for accommodations and food at teh hotel?

14. Rogie has €5 bills, three €20 bills, and six €10 bills. HOw much euro does she have?

15. Jasmin bought 3 shirts worth €22 each. If she paid with two €50 bills, how much change
did she receive?
CONCEPT AND SKILLS!
16. There are 25 animals in Joshua's farm. The total number of legs of the animals, which are ducks
and cows, is 70. Use the guess and check strategy to find the number of ducks and the number of
cows in the farm.
GUESS NUMBER NUMBER OF NUMBER OF NUMBER NUMBER SENTENCE TOTAL COST
OF DUCKS FEET COWS OF FEET
(DUCK) (COW)

1 13 2 12 4 13 X 2 + 12 X 4 = N N= 74
2 2 4 N=
3 2 4 N=

17. With a partner, write a word problem that requires addition and multiplication to solve. Then find
the answer using the steps in problem solving.