Informatics: Phuong Chi Tran

INFORMATICS
PHUONG CHI TRAN

(phuongchi@ftu.edu.vn)
INFORMATICS
Chapter 1. Information - Informatics - Computers
Chapter 2. Computer Network - Internet
Chapter 3. Microsoft Windows
Chapter 4. Microsoft Word
Chapter 5. Microsoft Excel
Chapter 6. Microsoft PowerPoint
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 2
Text books - References
Text books:
 Tô Thị Hải Yến (Chief Author), Trần Trọng Huy, Phạm Hoàng Anh,
Giáo trình tin học đại cương, Hồng Đức Publisher, 2011
 Trần Phương Chi - Bài tập tin học đại cương - ĐH Bách Khoa Hà Nội
Publisher, 2016
References:
 Khoa Công Nghệ Thông Tin Trường Đại học Sư phạm Tp. Hồ Chí
Minh, Giáo trình Tin học Đại cương, 2011
 Đình Hậu, Giáo trình tự học Power Point 2013
 Microsoft Windows, Internet, Microsoft Word, Excel, ... books
 Ebooks
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 3
The Requirements
Students must have below documents when

sitting in class room:
 2 Text books: book (copy versions are not allowed)

 Slides handout:
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 4
Study and Evaluation method
Number of Credits: 3 credits

 Class hours : 30 hours
 Practice : 30 hours
Subject mark:
 Attendance : 10%
 Mid-term test : 30%
 Final test : 60%
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 5
Study and Evaluation method (cont.)
Mid-term test:
 Multiple choice (answer sheet paper)
 30 questions
 30 minutes
Final test:
 Method: do exercises on a lab computer, 75 minutes
 Test parts:
• MS Word: 2 exercises (questions) (4 scores)
• MS Excel: 2 database exercises; 1 financial exercise (4 scores)
• MS Power Point: 2 scores
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 6
CHAPTER 1: INFORMATION - INFORMATICS - COMPUTERS
1.1. Information and information processing

1.2. Informatics and application of informatics
1.3. Computers
1.4. Information management in computers
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 7
1.1.1. Concept of information

Data:
 Are separate, discrete events represented through
symbols in different formats.
 In computer science, DATA is considered numbers,
letters, images, sounds ... that computers can
receive and process.
 Data itself often doesn't make sense to people.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 8

Information:
 Is new perceptions, which are acquired, understood,
and evaluated as useful to solve any problem.
 Is data which used and interpreted by people, is a
combination of data that facilitates easier decision-
making.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 9

Knowledge:
 is a familiarity, awareness, or Kn
owl
understanding of someone or ed
ge
something, such as facts,
information, descriptions, or
skills, which is acquired through Information
experience or education by
perceiving, discovering, or
learning
Data
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 10
1.1.2. Information forms

Language, symbols, signals, images, sounds …
Information carrier:
 Things can contain/transport information are called the
information carrier.
Example:
 Traditional media carriers: books, newspapers
 Communication devices: TV, radio
 Camera film
 In information technology: magnetic tapes, magnetic discs,
memory sticks ...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 11
1.1.3. Information transmission methods

 By audio/sound: language, radio,
speakers,...
 By symbols: hands communication between
deaf people, braille of blind people...
 By signal: Moocser signal, computer
network....
 Through documents, books ...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 12
1.1.4. Information Properties

 Usefulness: Perceptions that bring new
understanding, enrich the recipient's knowledge are
considered informative.
 Orientation: All information when used needs to be
clearly defined where it is sent and where it is
received.
 Relativity: Information will bring different values to
different receivers, locations, times ...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 13
1.1.5. Information processing procedure
Information
Extraction
Information Information Information

Acquisition Processing Storing
Transmission
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 14
1.2. Informatics and application
1.2.1. Informatics concept

 Informatics is the study of the structure,
behaviour, and interactions of natural and
engineered computational systems
 Informatics is a branch of information
engineering. It involves the practice of
information processing and the engineering
of information systems, and as an academic
field it is an applied form of information
science (Wikipedia)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 15
1.2.1. Informatics concept (cont.)

 Easy understanding: Informatics may
include everything that related to computer
equipments or office applications.
 “Computer science is no more about
computers than astronomy is about
telescopes” (Edsger Dijkstra)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 16
1.2.2. Informatics components

Hardware: includes techniques to produce
computer devices
Software: computer programs that solve reality
problems
 System software: are the program to ensure the
computer works properly (Operating System)
 Application software: including programs that solve
application/reality problems (from big to small)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 17
1.2.3. History of computer & informatics

 1st computer generation: mechanical/ electromechanical
 2nd computer generation: vacuum tubes
 3rd computer generation: discrete transistors, integrated circuit
(IC)
 4th computer generation (now): large IC
 Theoretical/experimental: Quantum computer, Chemical
computer, DNA computing, Optical computer, …
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 18
1.2.4. Application of Informatics

 Connect sciences.
 Receive and process information fast.
 Liberating people from harmful and heavy jobs, improving the
cultural and spiritual life.
 Create conditions for people to have lifelong learning and get
the knowledge of humankind (via the Internet).
 …
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 19
1.3. Computers
A computer is a programmable machine

designed to perform arithmetic and logical
operations automatically and sequentially on
the input given by the user and gives the
desired output after processing.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 20
1.3. Computers
1.3.1. Structure diagram
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 21
1.3. Computers
Structure diagram:
1 - Monitor
2 - Main board
3 - CPU (Chip)
4 - ATA/SATA ports
5 - RAM
6 - Expansion/PCI cards
7 - Power
8 - CD, DVD
9 - HDD
10 - Key board
11- Mouse
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 22
1.3. Computers
1.3.2. Computer components

1.3.2.1. Case
 Encloses most of the components of the system;
 Provides mechanical support and protection for
internal elements;
 Controls and directs the flow of cooling air over
internal components.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 23
1.3. Computers
The mainboard (motherboard):
 Main component of a computer
 Connects the other parts of the computer including the CPU,
the RAM, the disk drives (CD, DVD, hard disk,…) as well as
any peripherals connected via the ports or the expansion slots.
Components directly attached to or to part of the
mainboard include:
 Central Processing Unit - CPU or Microprocessor or chip:
performs most of the calculations which enable a computer to
function
 Memories: store information, data
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 24
1.3. Computers
Inside computer case
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 25
1.3. Computers
CPU (chip)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 26
1.3. Computers
Memories:
 Internal memories:
• ROM (Read Only Memory)
• RAM (Random Access Memory): normally ≥ 1 GB
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 27
1.3. Computers
 External memories (storages):
• HDD (Hard Disk Drive): ≥ 100 GB
11/11/21 09:29 SSD (Solid-State

• AM Drive): use flash memory
INFORMATICS 28
1.3. Computers
• CD (650MB), DVD (2-4GB)
• Flash USB (Universal Serial Bus) : 2GB, 4GB...
• FDD (Floppy Disk Drive): 1,44 MB
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 29
1.3. Computers
Computer ports:
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 30
1.3. Computers
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 31
1.3. Computers
1.3.2.2. Monitor
Concept:
 Monitor is a device used to display information from
a computer, where users receive and exchange
information.
Resolution:
 Text mode: the screen is divided into 25 lines and
80 columns, displaying 25x80 characters
 Graphics mode: divided into pixels, 800x600,
1024x768 ... resolution
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 32
1.3. Computers
1.3.2.3. Printer
Printer is a peripheral device which makes a persistent
representation of graphics or text on paper.
Popular types:
 Dot-matrix printer: 9 or 24 pins
 Laser printer: high speed, good quality text, expensive

 Liquid inkjet printers: inkjets are expensive
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 33
1.3. Computers
1.3.2.4. Mouse
 Is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-
dimensional motion relative to a surface, translated
into the motion of a pointer on a display.
 Used to control computer in graphics mode.
1.3.2.5. Key board

Is main input device, used to put information into
computer.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 34
1.3. Computers
1.3.3. The modern electronic devices

 Laptops: small and portable PCs
 Tablets
 Smartphones
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 35
1.4. Data management in computers
1.4.1. Data units

Different data carrier has different units.
Example:
 Books, newspaper: words, author pages (~1000
words), pages.
 Communication: unit of time (minutes, seconds…)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 36
1.4.1. Data units (cont.)

Informatics:
 Bit (b): is basic unit of information, a binary variable
that is 0 or 1
 Byte (B): 1 byte = 8 bit
 Kilo byte (KB): 1 KB = 1024 B
 Megabyte (MB): 1 MB = 1024 KB ~ 1 million bytes
 Gigabyte (GB): 1 GB = 1024 MB ~ 1 billion bytes
 Terabyte (TB): 1 TB = 1024 GB
 Petabyte (PB): 1 PB = 1024 TB
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 37
1.4.2. File
A computer file is a computer resource for recording data
discretely in a computer storage device.
File name structure:

<File name>.<file type>
 File name: should be short, clear, understandable
 File type (format or extension): indicates the content
type of the file, (e.g. .txt, .doc, .COM, etc.). Has 3 or
4 characters
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 38
1.4.3. Folder
Folder is a file system cataloging structure which
contains references to other computer files,
and possibly other directories
 Folder name: should be short, clear, understandable
and no extension. E.g.: My Documents, Tin hoc...
 Folders structure: in a hierarchical file system, files
and directories are organized in a manner that
resembles a tree
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 39
1.4.4. Path
A path specifies a unique location in a file system, points
to a file system location by following the directory tree
hierarchy expressed in a string of characters.
In which path components, separated by “\” character,
represent each directory
Path structure:
[Driver:\] [Folder 1\][...][File name.File type]
E.g.: C:\My Documents\anh1\bai1.doc
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 40
1.4.5. Computer file system

 File system (FS) controls how data is stored and
retrieved.
 The structure and logic rules used to manage the
groups of information and their names is called a
"file system"
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 41
1.4.5. Computer file system (cont.)

Windows file system:
 FAT (File Allocation Table). FAT has 3 version:
• FAT12: use 12 bits, maximum capacity of drives is only <32Mb.
• FAT16: released in 1981, causing a waste of up to 50% of the
capacity over 2 GB HDD.
• FAT32: hard disk space is more utilized, but the security and fault
tolerance are still not high.
 NTFS (New Technology File System): better than FAT; has

self-repairing function, can support file-level security,
compression and verification, high fault tolerance
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 42
1.4.5. Computer file system (cont.)

Linux file system:
 Linux supports many different file systems, includes NTFS
Windows.
 File systems: ext, ext2, ext3, ext4, Reiserfs, XFS, and JFS.
In Linux operating systems, there is no concept of
different drives. After the boot process, all the folders
and files are "mounted" and create a unified file
system, starting from the root (/).
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 43
CHAPTER 1: INFORMATION - INFORMATICS - COMPUTERS
Key notes:
To understand and remember these issues
 Data measurement units in informatics (bits, bytes,
KB, MB, GB, TB, PB)
 Computer structure, function of components
 Ability to store information of storage devices
 How to manage information/data in computers?
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 44
CHAPTER 2: COMPUTER NETWORK
2.1. Introductions of computer network

2.2. Data transmission protocol on network
2.3. Network nodes
2.4. Internet
2.5. Internet applications
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 45
2.1.1. Concept
A computer network is a group of computer systems and
other computing hardware devices that are linked
together through communication channels to facilitate
communication and resource-sharing among a wide
range of users.
Computing devices exchange data with each other using
connections between nodes, established over wires,
optic cables, or Wi-Fi .
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 46
Components of computer network:

 Server: the most powerful configuration (fast speed, large
memory), fully installed network operating system, manage
network activities.
 Workstations: connected to each other through the server in
a certain architecture, lower configuration, at least installed
some files of network operating system, allowed access to the
network .
 Peer: uses resources and also provides resources for the
network.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 47
Computer network models:

 Client-Server model: The workstations are
connected to the servers, receiving network
access and network resources from the
servers.
 Peer-to-Peer model: created by two or
more computers connected to each other
and sharing resources without server.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 48
2.1.2. Network Architecture

The architecture of a network demonstrates how
to connect computers together and the set of
rules and conventions that all entities
participating on the network must follow to
ensure the network works properly.
 Network Topology: how to connect computers on
the network
 Network Protocol: set of rules and conventions for
communication on the network
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 49
Some basic network topologies:

 Bus network:
Server
PC PC
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 50
 Star network:
PC
Server
PC PC
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 51
 Ring network
Server
PC PC
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 52

2.1.3. Classification by range

 LAN (Local Area Network): in a home, office
building, small company
 MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): in a city, large
campus
 WAN (Wide Area Network): a large geographic area
such as a city, country, or spans even
intercontinental distances
 GAN (Global Area Network): used for supporting
mobile across an arbitrary number of wireless LANs,
satellite coverage areas, etc.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 53
2.2.1. OSI model

 OSI model (Open Systems Interconnection) is a
reference model for connecting open systems -
developed by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) as the guiding principle for
developing standards to allow the connection of
different computer equipment.
 The OSI model describes communication method
from one computer system application programs to
others through physical communication
equipment's.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 54
2.2.1. OSI model (cont.)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 55
2.2.1. OSI model (cont.)

TCP/IP and OSI model
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 56
2.2.2. Popular protocols

 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet
Protocol)
 IP (Internet Protocol)
 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
 FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 57
2.3. Network nodes
2.3.1. Modem
Modem (Modulator and demodulator) is an analog signal
modulation device for encoding digital data, and
demodulating network signals for decoding digital
signals.
A modem decodes information from a transmission line
into signals that a computer can understand.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 58
2.3. Network nodes
2.3.2. Switches and routers

Repeater:
Hub:
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 59
2.3. Network nodes
2.3.2. Switches and routers (cont.)

Switch:
Router:
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 60
2.3. Network nodes
2.3.3. Ethernet card
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 61
2.3. Network nodes
2.3.4. Wi-Fi devices

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a family of radio technologies
commonly used for wireless local area networking
(WLAN) of devices
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 62
2.3. Network nodes
2.3.4. Wi-Fi devices

The different versions of Wi-Fi are specified by
various IEEE 802.11 protocol standards:
 802.11b: 2.4 GHz, 11 megabits/second
 802.11g: 2.4 GHz, 54 megabits/second
 802.11a: 5 GHz, 54 megabits/second
 802.11n: 2.4 GHz, 300 megabits/second
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 63
2.3. Network nodes
2.3.5. 3G/4G/CDMA devices

USB 3G / EDGE Internet Modems are devices use
cellular telephone technology to connect computers to
Internet
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 64
2.4. Internet
2.4.1. Internet introduction

Concept:
 The Internet is the global system of interconnected
computer networks that use the Internet protocol
suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide.
 It is a network of networks that consists of private,
public, academic, business, and government
networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad
array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking
technologies
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 65
2.4. Internet
2.4.1. Internet introduction

Internet Service Providers
 IAP: Internet Access Provider
 ISP: Internet Service Provider
Internet Governance
 Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers (ICANN)
 Internet Society
 Network Information Centers
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 66
2.4. Internet
Internet service provider diagram
Internet
IAP
PC
ISP ISP
PC
Server
Server PC
PC
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 67
2.4. Internet
2.4.2. Common methods of Internet access

 Dial-up
 ADSL
 Cable TV
 Cellular telephone technology (3G, 4G, CDMA,...)
 WiMAX, Satellite, …
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 68
2.4. Internet
2.4.3. Main Internet services

 World Wide Web (www)
 E-mail
 Search engine
 FTP
 Remote Login
 VOIP, Video conference…
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 69
2.5. Basic Internet applications
2.5.1. WWW
 The World Wide Web (WWW), commonly known as
the Web, is an information system where
documents and other web resources are identified
by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), which may
be interlinked by hypertext, and are accessible over
the Internet.
 The resources of the WWW may be accessed by
users by a software application called a web
browser.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 70
How to use www?

 Have a computer or device can access the Internet
 Have a web browser: Chrome, Internet Explorer,
Mozilla FireFox, Safari, ...
 Have a URL of website (address)
E.g.: https://vnexpress.net
https://www.cnn.com
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 71
2.5.2. Information searching

Search engines:
 https://www.google.com
 https://yahoo.com
 https://bing.com
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 72
2.5.2. Information searching

Search engines:
https://coccoc.com/search http://www.baidu.com
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 73
2.5.3. E-mail, cloud storage

E-mail services
 https://mail.yahoo.com
 https://gmail.com
 ....
Use an email to send and receive

 Webmail: directly access
 Apps: Gmail, MS Outlook, ... (email must has POP3
or IMAP service)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 74
Group mail (Mailing list)

Is a simple and convenient group mailing service:
messages are automatically delivered to group
members when sent to identified group email.
Common Group mail services:
https://groups.yahoo.com https://groups.google.com
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 75
Cloud storage
 Google Drive
 One Drive
 Dropbox
 iCloud
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 76
2.5.4. Social networks

 Social Networking Service is a service that connects
members of the same hobbies on the Internet
together with many different purposes regardless of
space and time.
 People who participate in social networking services
are also known as netizens.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 77
2.5.4. Social networks (cont.)

 Features: chat, e-mail, movies, voice chat, file
sharing, blog and editorial ...
 Methods for members to find friends and partners:
based on group (such as school or city name),
based on personal information (such as e-mail or
screen name), or based on hobbie (like sports,
movies, books, or music), or based on interest:
business, traveling ...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 78
2.5.4. Social networks (cont.)

Popular social network services:
 Facebook, Twitter,
 Instagram, Flickr,
 Zing Me, Zalo, YuMe, Tamtay... (Vietnam)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 79
CHAPTER 2: COMPUTER NETWORK
Key notes:
To understand and remember these issues
 Internet connection methods
 Common network devices
 Search for information on the Internet (using
Google search)
 The basic Internet services/applications
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 80
CHAPTER 3: WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM
3.1. Introduction of operating system

3.2. Basic concept of MS Windows
3.3. Windows Explorer
3.4. Web browsers

3.5. Open source software
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 81
3.1.1. Concept
 An operating system (OS) is system software that
manages computer hardware, software resources,
and provides common services for computer
programs.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 82
3.1.2. Main functions of OS:

 Check computer working conditions, detect
and handle errors
 I/O management: manages all information in
and out.
 Manage resources (drives, devices),
manage computer data.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 83
3.2.1. Introduction of Windows

Microsoft Windows is a group of
several graphical operating system
families, all of which are developed,
marketed and sold by Microsoft.
Some versions for PCs:

 Windows 3.0, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 2000,
Windows NT, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7,
Windows 8, Windows 10
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 84
Booting OS process:
Boot Windows from C: drive
 Turn on the power, screen
 Computer reads information in ROM
 Checks all system devices have been installed and
working correctly or not
 Loads Windows OS from hard drive into RAM. The
operating system takes full control of the computer
Boot from drive A, CD, USB: MS-DOS boot
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 85
3.2.2. Common objects in Windows OS

 Desktop
 Windows
• Buttons: Close, Maximize, Minimize, Restore
• Bars: Title, Menu, Toolbar, Status, Scroll
 Icons
 Short cut
 Task Bar
 Start button
 Recycle Bin (Trash)
 Control Panel
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 86
3.2.3. Some common actions
 Change desktop background

 Change system date and time
 Set Screen Saver
 Hide/Restore the Task bar
 Add / remove shortcuts to the Taskbar
 Add / remove shortcuts on the desktop
 Delete / restore files
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 87
Shutdown OS, Turn off the computer

OS need to be shut down properly to avoid
errors.
 Close all running applications
 Click Start / Shut down
Other options:
 Sleep
 Hibernate
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 88
3.2.4. Control Panel settings

 Date, time and number setting
 Install or uninstall applications
 Add or remove printers, other devices
 Network setting
 …
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 89
3.3.1. Concept
 Windows Explorer is a file manager
application that is included with
releases of the Microsoft Windows
operating system from Windows 95
onwards.
 Provides a graphical user interface
for accessing the file systems
 Becomes File Explorer from
Windows 10
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 90
3.3.2. Start Windows Explorer

How to start?
 Click Windows Explorer (on Taskbar)
 Double click Computer or This PC (on Desktop)
 Shortcut key: Window+E
Explorer window has 2 main parts:
 Navigation pane: on the left, folders tree
 Content pane: on the right, contents, files and
folders are displayed here
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 91
3.3.3. Basic operations

 Expand, collapse folder tree: click small icon
(> or +) on the left of a folder
 View a folder’s content: click the folder, the
content will be displayed on the right
 Create new folder: right click, New/Folder,
enter folder name, Enter.
 Rename
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 92
3.3.3. Basic operations

Copy, move, delete folders and files:
 Select files/folders
 Right click on selected objects, choose Copy, Cut or
Delete on the popup menu.
 Shortcut key: Ctrl+C to copy, Ctrl+X to cut or move,
Ctr+V to paste, Del to delete.
 Drag and Drop: click selected objects, hold, drag
then drop those in new location
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 93
3.4. Web browsers
3.4.1. Concept
 A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser)
is a software application for accessing information
on the World Wide Web. Each individual web
resource, such as a web page, image, or video, is
identified by a distinct Uniform Resource Locator
(URL), enabling browsers to retrieve these
resources from a web server and display them on a
user device.
 Web browsers often communicate with web servers
by using HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) to
retrieve web pages.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 94
3.4. Web browsers
3.4.1. Concept
Popular web browsers:
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 95
3.4. Web browsers
3.4.2. Internet Explorer browser

 Internet Explorer (IE) is a series of graphical web
browsers developed by Microsoft and included in
the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems,
starting in 1995.
 On March 17, 2015, Microsoft announced that
Microsoft Edge would replace Internet Explorer as
the default browser on its Windows 10 devices. This
effectively makes Internet Explorer 11 the last
release.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 96
3.4. Web browsers

Start Internet Explorer
 From Desktop
 From Task bar Click IE icon
 From Start button
Exit Internet Explorer

 Click Close
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 97
3.4. Web browsers

Internet Explorer window
 Title bar
 Menu bar
 Scroll bar
 Status bar
 Address bar
 Search bar
 Tab bar
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 98
3.4. Web browsers

Command buttons in Internet Explorer window
 Back
 Forward
 Refresh
 Search
 Home
 Favorite
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 99
3.5. Open source software
Open source software concept:

 Open-source software (OSS) is a type of computer
software in which source code is released under a
license in which the copyright holder grants users
the rights to study, change, and distribute the
software to anyone and for any purpose.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 100
3.5. Open source applications
Some benefits of open source software:

 The software can be copied completely for free.
 The ﬁle formats are not completely controlled
exclusively by some vendors.
 Most products have good security
 Has a large support community, independent of any
one company.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 101
3.5.1. Open source Linux OS

 Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating
systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating
system kernel first released on September 17, 1991,
by Linus Torvalds (who was a student of Helsinki
Uni., Finland)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 102

 Linux is the most famous example of free
software and open source development.
 Currently, there are many companies,
organizations and groups developing Linux
together. All Linux versions have the same
kernel and most of the typical features, but
the tools and utilities are a bit different.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 103

Some advantages of the Linux operating system:
 Free: users will no longer have to worry about copyright
issues.
 The application software are either open source, or freely
available on the Internet
 Confidentiality: information is kept private and users can
control what happens.
 Many distributions to choose: such as Ubuntu, Fedora,
OpenSUSE, ... but the most popular for common users is
Ubuntu.
 Stability: many servers are running this operating system.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 104
3.5.2. Open source browser

3.5.2.1. Mozilla Firefox
 Mozilla Firefox, or simply Firefox, is a
free and open-source web browser
developed by the Mozilla Foundation
and its subsidiary, Mozilla Corporation
 Firefox can run on different versions of
Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Linux,
etc. Firefox's source code is free
software, released under GPL / LGPL /
MPL licenses.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 105

3.5.2.1. Mozilla Firefox
 Firefox has some features: tabbed browsing, spell
checking, instant typing, live bookmarking,
download manager, and an integrated search
system using the search engine.
 Many functions can be added to browsers through
add-ons created by third-party developers.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 106

3.5.2.2. Google Chrome
 Google Chrome is a cross-platform web
browser developed by Google. It was first
released in 2008 for Microsoft Windows, and
was later ported to Linux, Mac OS, iOS, and
Android.
 The browser is also the main component of
Chrome OS, where it serves as the platform for
web apps.
 Most of Chrome's source code comes from
Google's open-source Chromium project, but
Chrome is licensed as proprietary freeware
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 107

3.5.2.2. Google Chrome
 The main goals in the design of Google Chrome are to
improve security, speed and stability compared to existing
browsers.
 On May 21, 2012, Google Chrome officially surpassed
Internet Explorer and became the most popular browser in
the world.
 As of July 2019, StatCounter estimates that Chrome has a
71% worldwide browser market share on traditional PCs
and 63.34% share across all platforms
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 108
CHAPTER 3: WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM
Key notes:
 Basic concepts of the Windows OS
 Basic operations of the OSs
 Manage files and folders in Windows
 Use web browsers
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 109
CHAPTER 4: MICROSOFT WORD
4.1. Introduction of Microsoft Word

4.2. Basic concepts
4.3. Basic editing operations
4.4. Document formatting

4.5. Special document elements
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 110
4.1.1. Microsoft Word features
Microsoft Word is a word

processor, a member of
Microsoft Office suite of
applications developed by
Microsoft corporation
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 111
4.1.1. Microsoft Word features
Strong features:
 Friendly graphical interface
 Ability to exchange data with other applications.
 Can create and edit special documents
 Ability to check spelling, auto correct, ...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 112
4.1.2. Install Microsoft
Word
MS Office is distributed in
a CD/DVD
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 113
4.1.2. Install Microsoft Word
MS Office applications:
Microsoft Word
Microsoft Excel
Microsoft PowerPoint
Microsoft Outlook (email, calendar, contact, ...)
Microsoft Access (database management system)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 114
4.1.3. Start Microsoft Word

From Microsoft Word shortcut:
 Desktop
 Taskbar
 Start menu button
From an existing document

(*.doc, *.docx)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 115
4.1.4. Close Microsoft Word

 Close button: click Close
 File menu: click File / Exit
 Task Bar: right click, Close Window
 Shortcut key: Alt+F4 (Microsoft Word must be
active window)
Microsoft Word will ask for editing documents in a
popup window.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 116
4.2. Basic concepts
 Title bar: top bar of Word window, has
application and editing document name
 Menu File: file management commands
 Ribbon: contains multiple commands on
separate tabs
 Ruler: to align and measure. There are
vertical and horizontal ruler.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 117
4.2. Basic concepts
 Scroll bar: vertical and horizontal scroll bar
 Status bar: bottom bar of the Word window,
contains some information: page number,
number of pages, cursor position, CapsLock
status, zooming tool
 Editing area: white blank area, where to edit
and enter text and other document elements
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 118
4.3.1. Create new document

Click File, New / Blank Document (Ctrl+N)
Before start editing, should set some important
options:
 Font: select font = Times New Roman
 Font size = 14
 Align: Justify for Vietnamese text, Left for English
 Margins: top, bottom, left, right,...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 119
4.3.2. Save documents
If DocumentX text is appeared in title bar,
document is unsaved.
 To save document: click File / Save or click Save
button in Quick Access Toolbar (Shortcut key
Ctrl+S)
 Save as another document: click File / Save as
Save As window:
 Save in: folder which contains document
 Save as type: file types
 File Name: input file name
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 120
4.3.3. Open existing documents

 Click File / Open or press shortcut key Ctrl+O
 Open file path
 Select file, click Open
Note: File of Type in Open window must is Word
Document.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 121
4.3.4. Print
Print Preview: shortcut key Ctrl+F2
Print document:
 Click Quick Print: print current document to the
default printer
 Click File / Print (Ctrl+P): change some options:
number of copies, pages to print, printer, …
Note: printing document must be the active
window.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 122
4.3.5. Typing Vietnamese characters
Vietnamese character encodings:
 Unicode: international standard, current Vietnam
Standard
 TCVN3: in the north
 VNI: in the south
Fonts:
 Unicode: Times New Roman, Arial, Tahoma…
 TCVN3 (ABC): “.Vn...”, “.Vn...H”
 VNI: “VNI...”
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 123
4.3.5. Typing Vietnamese characters

Input method editor:
 Unikey
 Vietkey
 Change input mode (English - Vietnamese): Ctrl+Shift, Alt+Z
To type Vietnamese characters, check these options:
 MS Word: use 1 Unicode font (e.g. Times New Roman)
 Input method editor: use Unicode, Telex mode, Vietnamese
input mode
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 124
Diacritics and
4.3.5. Typing Vowels
Telex VNI
Vietnamese ă aw a8
characters â aa a6
đ dd d9
Vietnamese input ê ee e6
rules: ô oo o6
ơ ow o7
ư uw u7
sắc s 1
huyền f 2
hỏi r 3
ngã x 4
nặng j 5
Xóa dấu: z 0
Ví dụ: Vis duj: Vi1 du5:
Tiếng Việt Tieesng Vieejt Tie61ng Vie65t
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 125
4.3.6. Important shortcut keys

 Right move one character to the right
 Left move one character to the left
 Up move up one line
 Down move down one line
 Home/End move to the beginning/end of the current line
 Page Up move up one screen
 Page Down move down one screen
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 126
4.3.6. Important shortcut keys

 Ctrl+Home/End move to the beginning/end of the document
 Backspace delete one character to the left

 Delete delete one character to the right
 Insert switch between overtype/insert mode
 Enter insert new paragraph

 Shift, CapsLock type in uppercase
 Space bar insert one space
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 127
4.3.7. Paragraph operations
Select paragraphs:
 Click and hold from beginning to the end
 Use keyboard: move cursor to the beginning of
paragraph, press and hold Shift, press moving
buttons to move cursor to the end of paragraph.
 Select rows: click and hold on the left margin, then
move to select rows
 Select all the documents: move cursor to the left
margin, press Ctrl, click left mouse (or Ctrl+A).
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 128
Select paragraphs:
 Select document from current cursor to the end:
Ctrl+Shift+End
 Select document from current cursor to the
beginning: Ctrl+Shift+Home
 Select document from current cursor to end of line:
Shift+End
 Select document from current cursor to the
beginning of line: Shift+Home
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 129
4.3.7. Paragraph operations
Copy document:
 Select document
 Click Copy (Ctrl+C)
 Click Paste (Ctrl+V)
Move document:
 Select document
 Click Cut (Ctrl+X)
 Click Paste (Ctrl+V)
Delete document:
 Select document
 Press Delete
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 130
4.4.1. Change font, font size

 Select document,
 Choose Font, Font Size on Home tab (Font group)
(Ctrl+D)
4.4.2. Align
 Use the Ruler: First line; Hanging move paragraph
to the left/right
 Align Left (Ctrl+L), Right (Ctrl+R), Justify (Ctrl+J),
Center (Ctrl+E)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 131
4.4.3. Change line/paragraph spacing

 Select lines/ paragraphs
 Click Line and Paragraph Spacing on Home
(Paragraph group)
4.4.4. Format Painter

 Select source paragraph
 Click Format Painter (on Home)
 Select destination paragraph
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 132
4.4.5. Undo/Redo
 Click Undo/Redo: undo/redo last actions
4.4.6. Borders and Shading

 Select document
 Click Borders and Shading on Home, Paragraph
group
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 133
4.4.7. Tab
 Click arrow button at the right corner of Paragraph
group on Home
 Click Tabs…
 Set Tab stop position, Leader, OK
4.4.8. Bullets and Numbering

 Select document
 Click Bullets or Numbering in Paragraph group on
Home
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 134
4.4.9. Format Column

 Select document (leave last paragraph)
 Click Page Layout tab, in Page setup group, click
Columns / More Columns...
4.4.10. Drop Cap

 Select first character of paragraph
 Click Insert tab, in Text group, click Drop Cap /
Drop Cap Option...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 135
4.4.11. Page break, Section break

 Move cursor to needed position
 Page break: click Page Break in Page group on
Insert tab (Ctrl+Enter)
 Section break: click Breaks in Page Setup group
on Page Layout tab
4.4.12. Insert page number

 Click Page number in Headers and Footer group
on Insert tab
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 136
4.4.13. Insert symbols

E.g.: , ∞, ≤, ≠, ...
 Click Symbol in Symbols on Insert tab
 Symbols can be applied common
commands: change font size, copy, cut,
paste, change color ...
 Focus in fonts: Symbol, Wingdings in Insert
Symbol window, which is appeared when
click More Symbols...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 137
4.4.14. Insert Clip Art

Click Clip Art in Illustrations group on
Insert tab
Some commands:
 Change size: use small squares on the
border and corners
 Copy, cut, paste: similar to paragraphs
 Change appearance: right click, click Wrap
Text
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 138
4.4.15. Insert
Click Word Art in Text group on Insert tab
Customize:
 WordArt Styles: change style
 Edit Text: edit text, change font and font
size
 Wrap Text: change the appearance
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 139
4.4.16. Insert screen capture

 Prepare the screen, press Print
Screen on the keyboard (Fn+PrtScr
for some laptops)
 Paste into document: click Paste or
Ctrl+V
 Crop needed area: use Crop function
on Picture format tab
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 140
4.4.17. Find and Replace
 Click Find in Editing group on Home tab (Ctrl+F)
 Click Replace in Editing group on Home tab (Ctrl+H)
4.4.18. AutoCorrect options

 Click File menu, Options, click Proofing in Word Options
window, click AutoCorrect Options
4.4.19. Check Spelling and grammar

 Click Spelling and Grammar in Proofing group on Review
tab
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 141
4.4.20. Header and Footer
 Click Header or Footer in Header & Footer group
on Insert tab
4.4.21. Insert footnote

 Click Insert Footnote in Footnotes group on
References tab
4.4.22. Set file password

 Open the document file
 Click Restrict Editing in Protect group on Review
tab
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 142
4.5.1. Insert Equations

 Click Equations in Symbol group on Insert tab
 Note: file must be save in Word document type
(.docx) that Equation button can open Equation
Tools tab
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 143
4.5.2. Use Table tool

Insert Table:
 Click Table on Insert tab, input table size, number
of rows and columns (size can be changed later)
Delete Rows/Columns:
 Select rows/columns
 Click Cut (Ctrl+X) or click right mouse button, click
Delete Rows/Columns.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 144
Insert more rows/columns:

 Insert a row at the bottom: move cursor to the last
right cell, press Tab on the keyboard
 Insert a row/column in the middle: select a
row/column, right click, click Insert
Merge/Split cells:
 Merge cells: select cells, right click, click Merge
Cells.
 Spilt cell: select cell, right click, click Split Cells,
input new number of rows, columns
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 145
Calculate in a table:
 Click Formula in Data group on Layout tab
 Input formula
 Calculating rule: “right to left, bottom up”
Sort:
 Select the database
 Click Sort in Data group on Layout tab
 Select field, choose Ascending/Descending
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 146
4.5.3. Insert chart

 Input data
 Select data
 Click Chart in Illustrations group on Insert
tab
 Select chart style, customize chart, font, ....
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 147
4.5.4. Insert shapes

Insert Shapes in Illustrations group on
Insert tab.
Tips:
 Straight lines: press Shift while drawing
 Change size: press Alt while changing
 Move shapes: press Ctrl and moving
buttons on the keyboard
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 148
4.5.5. Mail merge (1/3)

When the mail merge can help?
 Send invitations of a meeting, conference,
ceremony… to many people
 Create pupil/student transcripts
 ...
Part 1: Create recipient list in Word or Excel.
Save and Close listing file (file no.1).
Note: there is only a table in the listing file, other
rows, text above the table are not accepted
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 149
4.5.5. Mail merge (2/3)

Part 2: Create mail template file (file no.2):
design and edit form for the letter (invitation).
Click Start Mail Merge on Mailings tab.
 Step1,2: click Next
 Step3: select recipient list file: click Browse, select
existing file which created in Part 1. If the list file is
read correctly: click OK, Next
 Step4: insert fields into needed position. Repeat
these actions: move cursor to suitable position, click
More Items, select field, Insert, Close
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 150
4.5.5. Mail merge (3/3)

 Step5: preview, check and edit (in need)
 Step6: create result file, which has all letters/
invitations: click Edit Individual letters, All, OK
Save the mail template file (file no.2), the result
file (file no.3).
Note: Every changing must be done in template
file, then repeat Step6. Never do any
changing, editing in result file
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 151
4.5.6. Insert table of contents

 Create, edit Headings (Styles) in Styles group on
Home tab, change format, set a shortcut key.
 Go to heading paragraphs in the document, press
the shortcut key
 Go to the beginning or end of the document, insert
new blank page (Ctrl+Enter). Click Table of
contents on References tab, select Insert Table of
contents...
 Update table of contents: right click, click Update
Field/Update entire table
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 152
CHAPTER 4: MICROSOFT WORD
Key notes:
 Create, edit and save document in a correct folder
 Format the document, suitable layout
 Insert pictures, WordArts, Shapes
 Format Columns, Tables, Charts
 Edit equations
 Mail merge, Table of contents
 Insert header and footer
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 153
CHAPTER 5: MICROSOFT EXCEL
5.1. Introduction of Microsoft Excel

5.2. Work on a datasheet
5.3. MS Excel popular functions
5.4. MS Excel database
5.5. Chart in Excel
5.6. Financial functions
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 154
 A spreadsheet applications for datasheets, analysis
data
 A member of Microsoft Office suite of applications
developed by Microsoft corporation
 Has many functions to solve economic and
management problems easily
 It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables
 Can import and export data from/to other
applications
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 155
5.1.2. Install the Microsoft Excel

Use Microsoft Office DVD.
5.1.3. Start Excel

 Double click on Excel icon
 Click Start/ All Programs/ Microsoft Office/
Microsoft Office Excel
 Start form an existing file: *.xls, *.xlsx
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 156
5.1.4. Basic concepts
5.1.4.1. Workbook window
Each Excel file is a Workbook. File type: *.xlsx
Workbook window:
 Title bar, Quick access toolbar
 Ribbon
 Formula bar, name box
 Scroll bars
 Status bar
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 157
5.1.4.2. Worksheet
 Column headings: 16.384 columns. From A,
B, ... Z, AA, ..., XFD
 Row headings: from 1, 2, 3, ...., 1.048.576
 Select button: at corner of row and column
heading labels
 Worksheet tab
(Excel 2003: 65.536 rows, 256 columns)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 158
5.1.4.3. Cell
Cells are data storages which inputted by users
Cell reference: is identified by the intersection of a column
and a row
 Relative references: change when a formula is copied to
another cell.
 Absolute references: contain dollar signs,
remain constant no matter where they are copied.
 Mixed cell references: an absolute column or row reference,
but not both.
E.g.: A6 $A$6 $A6 A$6
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 159
5.2.1. Select cells, rows, columns

Select cells:
 Select one cell: click cell
 Select a range
 Select separate cells: press Ctrl while select
cells
Select rows, columns:
 Click on row, column label
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 160
5.2.2. Format border
 Select cell range
 Click Border button
5.2.3. Adjust row, column size

 Select rows, columns
 Click, hold and move on the right boundary of the
column header or bottom boundary of the row
header
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 161
5.2.4. Delete cells, rows, columns

 Select cells, rows or columns
 Right click, click Delete on popup menu
Notes:
 Shift cells left: delete cells and shift others to the left
 Shift cells up: delete cells and shift others up
 Entire row: delete entire rows
 Entire column: delete entire columns
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 162
5.2.5. Insert cells, rows, columns

 Click to move cursor
 Right click, click Insert / Row (Column,
Cell)
5.2.6. Hide, unhide rows, columns

 Select rows, columns
 Right click, select Hide (Unhide)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 163
5.2.7. Merge cells
 Select cells
 Click Merge and Center on Home
5.2.8. Fill series
 Input at least 2 first cells in series
 Select 2 cells
 Move cursor to the bottom right corner of selected cell, click,
hold and move the cursor
5.2.9. Operators in formula
 Arithmetic operators : %, ^, *, /, +, -
 String operators : &
 Comparison operators : >, <, <=, >=, <>
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 164
5.2.10. Format cells
 Select cells
 Right click, click Format Cells... (Ctrl+1)
5.2.10.1. Format data type (Number tab)

 Text : align left on default
 Number : align right on default
 Date, Time : align right on default
Change the regional format:
 English (United States): 6.72 5/30/2000 (mm/dd/yyyy)
 Vietnamese: 6,72 30/5/2000 (dd/mm/yyyy)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 165
5.2.10.2. Format appearance (Alignment tab)

 Text Alignment: horizontal, vertical align
 Text control: Wraptext
5.2.10.3. Format font (Font tab)

 Superscript, Subscript option
5.2.10.4. Format borders (Border tab)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 166
5.2.11. Action for worksheets

Rename
 Right click on worksheet tab
 Click Rename
Add new worksheets
 Right click on worksheet tab
 Click Insert / Worksheet
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 167

Delete
 Select the worksheet,
 Right click, select Delete
Copy or move
 Select the worksheet, right click, select Move or
Copy…
 Select the destination workbook, select position,
click OK
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 168

Hide, unhide a worksheet:
 Select a worksheet
 Right click, select Hide or Unhide
Protect worksheets
 Click Protect Sheet or Protect Workbook in
Changes group on Review tab
 Enter the password
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 169
5.2.12. Printing operations

 Set print area: Page Layout / Print Area
 Page break: Page Layout / Breaks/ Insert
Page break or Remove Page break
 Header and footer: Insert / Header and
Footer
 Margins: Page Layout / Margins
 Print preview: click File / Print (Ctrl+F2)
 Print: click File / Print (Ctrl+P)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 170
A function is a predefined formula that performs

calculations using specific values in a particular order.
The syntax of functions: start with “=”

 Function name: describes the function of the function
 Arguments: determine the values or cells used in the function;
separated by ";" or ","
Insert function:
 Type by the keyboard
 Click Insert Function on Formulas tab or Fx on formula bar
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 171
5.3.1. Date & Time functions

 NOW(): returns system date and time
 TODAY(): returns system date
 DAY(serial_number): returns day of a date
 MONTH(serial_number): returns month of a
date
 YEAR(serial_number): returns year of a
date
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 172
5.3.2. Text functions

 LEFT(text, [num_chars]): returns num_chars
characters on the left of the text (num_chars will be
1 if omitted)
 RIGHT(text, [num_chars]): returns num_chars
characters on the right of the text (num_chars will
be 1 if omitted)
 LEN(text): returns length of the text (number of
characters)
 LOWER(text): converts text to lowercase
 UPPER(text): converts text to uppercase
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 173
5.3.3. Math functions

 ABS(number): returns the absolute value of the
number
 SQRT(number): returns a positive square root
 INT(number): rounds the number down to the
nearest integer
 ROUND(number, num_digits): rounds the number
to a specified number of digits
 EXP(number): returns e raised to the power of the
number. The constant e equals 2.718282
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 174
5.3.3. Math functions (cont.)

 SUM(number1, [number2], ...): adds values
number1, 2...
 SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range]): sums the
values in a range that meet criteria that is specified
 SIN(number), COS(number), ACOS(number),
COSH(number)...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 175
5.3.4. Logical functions

 AND(logical1, [logical2], ...): returns TRUE
if all logical arguments are TRUE, FALSE if
at least one logical is FALSE
 OR(logical1, [logical2], ...): returns FALSE
if all logical arguments are FALSE, TRUE if
at least one logical is TRUE
 NOT(logical): returns the reversed logical
value.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 176
5.3.4. Logical functions (cont.)

 IF(logical_test, [value_if_true],
[value_if_false]): returns value_if_true if the
logical is true, value_if_false if the logical is
false. IF function can be used 7 levels.
 TRUE(): returns TRUE value
 FALSE(): returns FALSE value
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 177
5.3.5. Statistical functions

 MAX(number1, [number2],...): returns the
maximum number of the arguments
 MIN(number1, [number2],...): returns the
minimum number of the arguments
 AVERAGE(number1, [number2],...):
returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the
arguments
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 178
5.3.5. Statistical functions (cont.)

 COUNT(value1, [value2], ...): counts the number of
cells that contain numbers, and counts numbers
within the list of arguments
 COUNTIF(range, criteria): returns number of cells
in range that meet the criteria
 RANK(number, ref, order): returns the rank of the
number in a list of numbers (ref); number and ref
are numbers; ref’s reference must be absolute
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 179
5.3.6. Lookup & Reference functions

HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array,
row_index_number, [range_lookup])
Searches for a value in the top row of a table, and then returns a
value in the same column from a row specified. Used when
comparison values are located in a row.
 Lookup_value: the value to be found in the first row
 Table_array: a table of information in which data is looked up
(absolute reference)
 Row_index_number: the row number in table_array from which the
matching value will be returned
 Range_lookup: find an exact match or an approximate match (usually
will be 0)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 180
5.3.6. Lookup & Reference functions (cont.)

VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array,
col_index_number, [range_lookup])
Searches for a value in the first left column of a table, and then
returns a value in the same row from a column specified. Used
when comparison values are located in a column.
 Lookup_value: the value to be found in the first column
 Table_array: a table of information in which data is looked up
(absolute reference)
 Col_index_number: the column number in table_array from which the
matching value will be returned
 Range_lookup: find an exact match or an approximate match (usually
will be 0)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 181
5.4.1. Database concept

A range in Microsoft Excel which satisfies the
following conditions is considered a database:
 The first row in the range is the titles of each
column. Different columns cannot have the same
name.
 No blank column in range, each column is called a
field.
 No blank row in range, each row (called a record)
stores data
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 182
5.4.2. Sort
Sort by one field:
 Click a cell in field
 Click Sort & Filter in Editing group on Home, click
A-Z (Ascending) or Z-A (Descending).
Sort by many fields:
 Click a cell in database range
 Click Sort & Filter in Editing group on Home, click
Custom Sort.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 183
5.4.3. PivotTable
Especially designed for:
 Analyzing large amounts of data in many different
ways.
 Subtotaling and gathering numeric data,
summarizing data by categories and subcategories,
and creating custom calculations and formulas.
 Expanding and collapsing levels of data to filter
results.
 Moving rows to columns or columns to rows to
examine different summaries of the data.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 184
5.4.3. PivotTable (cont.)

Create PivotTable:
 Click a cell in database
 Click the Insert tab, PivotTables button
 Check detected data rage, click OK
 Select fields and put into Filters, Columns,
Rows, Values areas
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 185
5.4.4. Data filter
 Select data range

 Click Sort & Filter in Editing group on Home tab,
click Filter (Ctrl+Shift+L)
Notes:
 If you want to save filtered records, copy the result
and paste to another position.
 Click Filter again will cancel the filtering.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 186
5.4.5. Advanced Filter

These ranges must be determined:
 Database range (List Range or Input Range)
 Criteria range
 Range for result (Copy to...)
Note: range references are absolute.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 187
5.4.5.1. Create Criteria range

Single condition
Conditions with AND
 Conditions of difference fields
 Conditions of one field
Conditions with OR
 Conditions of difference fields
 Conditions of one field
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 188
5.4.5.2. Advance Filter steps

 Create criteria range
 Click Advanced in Sort & Filter group on
Data
 Select Copy to Another location
 Enter range references of List Range,
Criteria, Copy to...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 189
5.4.6. Database functions

 DSUM(database, field, criteria): adds the numbers
in a field (column) of records in a list or database
that match conditions
 DAVERAGE(database, field, criteria): averages
the values in a field (column) of records in a list or
database that match conditions
 DCOUNT(database, field, criteria): counts the
cells that contain numbers in a field (column) of
records in a list or database that match conditions
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 190
5.4.6. Database functions (cont.)

 DMAX(database, field, criteria): returns the largest
number in a field (column) of records in a list or
database that matches conditions
 DMIN(database, field, criteria): returns the
smallest number in a field (column) of records in a
list or database that matches conditions
 DGET(database, field, criteria): extracts a single
value from a column of a list or database that
matches conditions.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 191
5.5. Charts in Excel
Create a chart:
 Select the data, click Insert tab and choose
a chart type.
Modify the chart:
 Change Chart Type.
 Add Chart Title
 Add Axis Title
 Add Legend
 Add Data Labels
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 192
In Microsoft Excel, there are more than 50

financial functions to calculate popular
business data:
 Profits with current and future prices
 Evaluate investment efficiency
 ...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 193
References:
 Nguyễn Hải Sản, Quản trị tài chính doanh nghiệp,
NXB Thống kê, 2001 (Chapter 2, Chapter 6)
 Vũ Chí Lộc, Giáo trình đầu tư nước ngoài, NXB
Giáo dục, 1997
 Hàn Viết Thuận, Giáo trình tin học ứng dụng, NXB
Thống kê, 2006 (Chapter 4)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 194
Example:
Mr. A invests $5,000 in a bank account for five
years with an interest rate of 5% per year. At
the end of each year, Mr. A invests $100 more
in the same account.
How much money he will has at the end of year 5th?
(Future Value)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 195
FV function (Future Value): refers to a method of
calculating how much the present value of an asset or
cash will be worth based on a constant interest rate at
a specific time in the future
FV(rate, nper, pmt , [pv], [type])
 rate: the interest rate per period
 nper: the total number of payment periods (years, months...)
 pmt: the payment made each period
 pv: the present value, or the lump-sum amount that a series of
future payments is worth right now
 type: indicates when payments are due
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 196
Notes:
 Pmt, Pv, Fv values:
• Pay out cash : negative (-)
• Receive cash : positive (+)
 Type argument:
• At the end of the period: type=1
• At the beginning of the period or omitted: type=0
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 197
Mr. A invests $5,000 in a bank account for five years with

an interest rate of 5% per year. At the end of each year,
Mr. A invests $100 more in the same account.
How much money he will has at the end of year 5th?
rate nper pmt pv type FV

5% 5 -100 -5000 0 ?
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 198
PV function (Present Value): calculates the present value
of a loan or an investment, based on a constant
interest rate.
PV(rate, nper, pmt, [fv], [type])
 pmt: the payment made each period and cannot change over
the life of the annuity
 fv: the future value, or a cash balance you want to attain after
the last payment is made
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 199
RATE function: returns the interest rate per period of an
annuity.
RATE (nper, pmt, pv, [fv], [type], [guess])
 pv: the present value - the total amount that a series of future
payments is worth now
 guess: interest rate barrier (or guess for what the rate will be)
Good project: Rate > guess
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 200
PMT function: calculates the payment for a loan based on
constant payments and a constant interest rate.
PMT(rate, nper, pv, [fv], [type])
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 201
NPER function: returns the number of periods for an
investment based on periodic, constant payments and
a constant interest rate..
NPER(rate, pmt, pv, [fv], [type])
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 202
NPV function (Net Present Value): calculates the net
present value of an investment by using a discount rate
and a series of future payments (negative values) and
income (positive values).
NPV(rate, value 1, [value 2], ...)
 rate: the rate of discount over the length of one period.
 value 1, 2...: representing the payments and income; must be
equally spaced in time and occur at the end of each period
Good project: NPV + PV > 0
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 203
IRR function (Internal Rate Return): Returns the internal
rate of return for a series of cash flows represented by
the numbers in values.
IRR(values, [guess])
 values: An array or a reference to cells that contain numbers
for which you want to calculate the internal rate of return.
Order of values interpret the order of cash flows
 guess: interest rate barrier (or guess for what the IRR will be)
Good project: IRR > guess
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 204
CHAPTER 5: MICROSOFT EXCEL
Key notes:
 Data types, data formats, how to enter data into a
spreadsheet
 Common functions, Financial functions
 Data sort, statistics
 Format page layout, Printing operations
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 205
CHAPTER 6: MICROSOFT POWERPOINT
6.1. Introduction of Microsoft PowerPoint
6.2. Design a presentation
6.3. Presentation Slide Show
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 206
6.1.1. Introduction
 A member of Microsoft Office suite of
applications developed by Microsoft
corporation
 Is a presentation program
 Can print out presentations, handout
 Has notes for presenters.
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 207
6.1.2. Basic concepts

 Each page of presentation is a slide
 The presentation is a collection of slides
 Slide components (placeholders):
• Slide title
• Slide detail
• Note
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 208
6.1.3. Start, exit PowerPoint

6.1.4. PowerPoint window
 Ribbon
 Status bar
 Slides pane (Navigation pane)
 Slide notes
 Slide pane (main work area)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 209
6.2.1. Presentation Views

Ways to see the presentation
 Normal
 Outline View
 Slide Sorter
 Notes Page
 Reading View
 Slide show
Change presentation view: on View tab or on

Status bar
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 210
6.2.2. Choose a template

 Auto Content Wizard: presentation will be created
step by step in a wizard
 Designed Template: use templates designed in
application or online from offices.com…
 Blank Presentation: users will design the
presentation by themselves
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 211
6.2.3. Slide operations

 Delete Slides
 Add a Slide
 Add a new blank slide: right click, New Slide, shortcut key:
Ctrl+N
 Duplicate a slide: right click on a a slide, click Duplicate
Slide, shortcut key Ctrl+D
 Move Slides
 Copy Slides
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 212
6.2.4. Format Slides

6.2.4.1. General formatting (Master)
 Slide Master
 All slides formatting: font, size, color, ...
 Titles in the presentation: date and time, slide number…
 Company Logo, pictures…
 Handout Master
 Company name
 Author/ Presenter
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 213
6.2.4.2. Enter and format text

Same as MS Word
Popular actions:
 Increase Indent
 Decrease Indent
 Bullet and numbering
 Line Spacing
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 214
6.2.4.3. Format the presentation

Change slide design: select a theme on Design tab
 Apply to all slides
 Apply to selected slides
Add Pictures, Charts, SmartArts, Shapes…: on Insert tab

Add other objects: Table, Equation, WordArt, Video,
Audio, Symbol...
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 215
6.2.5. Effect design

 Effect of each slide: Transitions tab
 Effect of a slide’s components (placeholders)
• Animations tab
• Entrance, Emphasis, Exit, Motion Paths
• Start: On Click, With Previous, After Previous
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 216
6.2.6. Create hyperlinks

 Link types
• Between slides in the presentation
• Between slide and other files or webpages
 Insert Hyperlink
• On Insert tab, click Hyperlink (Ctrl+K)
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 217
6.3.1. Slide Show

Start: click Slide show button on Status bar (F5)
Change slides key:
 Page Up, Page Down
 Up, Down
 Enter, Space
Presentation pointer: Pointer Option

Stop Slide show: right click, click End Show or press Esc
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 218
6.3.2. Print
Click File, Print (Ctrl+P)
 Slides
 Handouts
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 219
11/11/21 09:29 AM
INFORMATICS 220

Informatics: Phuong Chi Tran

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Informatics: Phuong Chi Tran

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

INFORMATICS

PHUONG CHI TRAN

Chapter 1. Information - Informatics - Computers

Chapter 2. Computer Network - Internet

Chapter 3. Microsoft Windows

Chapter 4. Microsoft Word

Chapter 5. Microsoft Excel

Chapter 6. Microsoft PowerPoint

Students must have below documents when

 2 Text books: book (copy versions are not allowed)

Number of Credits: 3 credits

1.1. Information and information processing

1.1.1. Concept of information

1.1.1. Concept of information

1.1.1. Concept of information

1.1.2. Information forms

1.1.3. Information transmission methods

1.1.4. Information Properties

1.1.5. Information processing procedure

Information Information Information

1.2.1. Informatics concept

1.2.1. Informatics concept (cont.)

1.2.2. Informatics components

1.2.3. History of computer & informatics

1.2.4. Application of Informatics

A computer is a programmable machine

1.3.1. Structure diagram

1.3.2. Computer components

Inside computer case

• RAM (Random Access Memory): normally ≥ 1 GB

11/11/21 09:29 SSD (Solid-State

 Laser printer: high speed, good quality text, expensive

1.3.2.5. Key board

1.3.3. The modern electronic devices

1.4.1. Data units

1.4.1. Data units (cont.)

File name structure:

1.4.5. Computer file system

1.4.5. Computer file system (cont.)

 NTFS (New Technology File System): better than FAT; has

1.4.5. Computer file system (cont.)

2.1. Introductions of computer network

2.5. Internet applications

Components of computer network:

Computer network models:

2.1.2. Network Architecture

Some basic network topologies:

2.1.3. Classification by range

2.2.1. OSI model

2.2.1. OSI model (cont.)

2.2.1. OSI model (cont.)

2.2.2. Popular protocols

2.3.2. Switches and routers

2.3.2. Switches and routers (cont.)

2.3.3. Ethernet card

2.3.4. Wi-Fi devices

2.3.4. Wi-Fi devices

2.3.5. 3G/4G/CDMA devices

2.4.1. Internet introduction

2.4.1. Internet introduction

Internet service provider diagram

2.4.2. Common methods of Internet access

2.4.3. Main Internet services