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Introduction to Conics and Circles

The document discusses circles and conic sections. It defines a circle as all points on a plane that are a constant distance from a fixed point. The standard equation of a circle is (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2, where (h,k) is the center and r is the radius. It provides examples of writing the equation of a circle given its diameter or graphing a circle given its equation. Theorems are presented for determining if an equation represents a circle based on the values of h, k, and r, and for the degenerate case where r=0.

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Riel Fernandez
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94 views7 pages

Introduction to Conics and Circles

The document discusses circles and conic sections. It defines a circle as all points on a plane that are a constant distance from a fixed point. The standard equation of a circle is (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2, where (h,k) is the center and r is the radius. It provides examples of writing the equation of a circle given its diameter or graphing a circle given its equation. Theorems are presented for determining if an equation represents a circle based on the values of h, k, and r, and for the degenerate case where r=0.

Uploaded by

Riel Fernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

The Conics

LESSON 1.1: INTRODUCTION TO


CONICS AND CIRCLES
Recall
  Given two distinct points P() and Q()
Slope of segment PQ

Distance between P and Q

Midpoint of segment PQ
Conic Sections
Hyperbola Parabola Ellipse
Circles is the set of all  Theorem 1.1 : Standard Equation of a Circle
Derive the Equation of a circles in the Cartesian Coordinates
points (x,y) in a plane,
whose distances from a =r
fixed point is a constant.
Distance Formula
y =r
Since r > 0, get the square both sides
Center
c(h , k)
An equation of a circle whose center is at C(h , k) and
p radius is r>0.

Radius

x
 Example 1.1
Write the standard form of the equation of  
Therefore,
the circle having a diameter whose endpoints Using Distance Formula
are (1 , -4) and (3 , 10). Then graph.

Solution:
Hint :
a. The midpoint of the diameter gives
the center of the circle.
b. Radius is half of diameter. r=
Given: Endpoints are (1 , -4) and (3 , 10)
(h , k) = r= x

(h , k) = r=
Therefore the equation is:
(h , k) =
or
(h , k) =
 Theorem 1.2: Determining When an Equation  Example 1.2
Yields a Circle Find the center and the radius of a circle having
The graph of the equation is. the equation
1. The circle centered at with radius Solution:
If Hint:
2. The single point if + a. Use the concept of completing the square
3. The empty set if to write the equation in the standard form.

An equation of a circle whose center is at C and radius is


r =. (

(+1+9

Therefore: the center of the circle is ( -1, 3) and


the radius is 3.
 Theorem 1.3: Degenerate Case of a Circle
The case in which r = 0 yields the degenerate case
(=0
Forming what we call a point circle.

It indicates that the only point satisfying this equation


is the point (h , k).

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