PRE-CALCULUS:

Domain and Range of

the Circular Functions
Prepared by:
Maria Armida A. Sacramento
Domain and Range
of Sine and Cosine
Functions
 DOMAIN AND RANGE OF SINE AND
COSINE
•  
Given the functions:
y = a sin ( bθ + c ) + d
y = a cos ( bθ + c ) + d
Where: a, b, c, and d are ϵ R
The domain and are range are the following:
D: {θ/θ ϵ R}
R: {y/d – IaI y d + IaI}
EXAMPLES:
•1.   y = sin θ y = a sin ( bθ + c ) + d
a=1 d=0
D: {θ/θ ϵ R}
R: {y/0 – I1I y 0 + I1I}
R: {y/ -1 y 1}
Interval Notation:
D: [
R: [ -1, 1 ]
EXAMPLES:
•  y = 2 sin ( 3θ + ) + 5
2.
a=2 d=5
D: {θ/θ ϵ R}
R: {y/5 – I2I y 5 + I2I}
R: {y/ 3 y 7 }
Interval Notation:
D: [
R: [ 3, 7 ]
 TRY THIS:
•  
Find the domain and range:
y = -sin
y = 3 sin ( 2θ - ) + 5
EXAMPLES:
•  y = -sin
3.
a = -1 d=0
D: {θ/θ ϵ R}
R: {y/0 – I-1I y 0 + I-1I}
R: {y/ -1 y 1 }
Interval Notation:
D: [
R: [ -1, 1 ]
EXAMPLES:
•  y = 3 sin ( 2θ - ) + 5
4.
a=3 d=5
D: {θ/θ ϵ R}
R: {y/5 – I3I y 5 + I3I}
R: {y/ 2 y 8 }
Interval Notation:
D: [
R: [ 2, 8 ]
EXAMPLES:
•  y = cos θ
5.
a=1 d=0
D: {θ/θ ϵ R}
R: {y/0 – I1I y 0 + I1I}
R: {y/ -1 y 1 }
Interval Notation:
D: [
R: [ -1, 1 ]
EXAMPLES:
•  y = 2 cos θ
6.
a=2 d=0
D: {θ/θ ϵ R}
R: {y/0 – I2I y 0 + I2I}
R: {y/ -2 y 2 }
Interval Notation:
D: [
R: [ -2, 2 ]
 TRY THIS:
•  
Find the domain and range:
y = - cos 2θ + 5
y = 3 cos ( 2θ - + 5
EXAMPLES:
•  y = - cos 2θ + 5
7.
a = -1 d=5
D: {θ/θ ϵ R}
R: {y/5 – I-1I y 5 + I-1I}
R: {y/ 4 y 6 }
Interval Notation:
D: [
R: [ 4, 6 ]
EXAMPLES:
•  y = 3 cos ( 2θ - + 5
8.
a=3 d=5
D: {θ/θ ϵ R}
R: {y/5 – I3I y 5 + I3I}
R: {y/ 2 y 8 }
Interval Notation:
D: [
R: [ 2, 8 ]
Domain and Range
of Tangent,
Cotangent, Secant,
and Cosecant
Functions
DOMAIN OF TANGENT AND SECANT

•Given
  the functions:
y = a tan b ( θ - h ) + k
y = a sec b ( θ - h ) + k
Where: a, b, h, and k are ϵ R
The domain will be:
D: R –
 DOMAIN OF COTANGENT AND
COSECANT
•Given
  the functions:
y = a cot b ( θ - h ) + k
y = a csc b ( θ - h ) + k
Where: a, b, h, and k are ϵ R
The domain will be:
D: R –
 RANGE OF TANGENT AND
COTANGENT
Given the functions:
y = a tan b ( θ - h ) + k
y = a cot b ( θ - h ) + k
Where: a, b, h, and k are ϵ R
The range will be:
R: {y/y ϵ R}
RANGE OF SECANT AND COSECANT

•Given
  the functions:
y = a sec b ( θ - h ) + k
y = a csc b ( θ - h ) + k
Where: a, b, h, and k are ϵ R
The range will be:
R: ( k – IaI ] ᴜ [ k + lal, )
EXAMPLES:
•  y = 2 tan θ + 1
1.
Rewrite:
y = 2 tan 1 ( θ – 0) + 1
a=2 b=1 h=0 k=1
D: R –
D: R –
R: R: {y/y ϵ R}
EXAMPLES:
•  y = -3 csc 2 ( θ + )
2.
a = -3 b = 2 h = k = 0
D: R –
D: R –
R: ( 0 – I-3I ] ᴜ [ 0 + l-3l, )
R: ( -3 ] ᴜ [ 3, )
 TRY THIS:

Find the domain and range:

y = cot θ
y = 3 sec 4θ + 1
EXAMPLES:
•  y = cot θ
3.
Rewrite:
y = 1 cot 1 (θ – 0) + 0
a=1 b=1 h=0 k=0
D: R –
D: R –
R: R: {y/y ϵ R}
EXAMPLES:
•  y = 3 sec 4θ + 1
4.
Rewrite:
y = 3 sec 4 ( θ – 0)
a=3 b=4 h=0 k=1
D: R –
D: R –
R: ( 1 – I3I ] ᴜ [ 1 + l3l, )
R: ( -2 ] ᴜ [ 4, )
Amplitude, Period,
and Phase Shifts of
the Graphs of
Circular Functions
 AMPLITUDE, PERIOD, AND PHASE
SHIFT
 Amplitude
- The amplitude of bounded periodic function
is half the difference of the highest value and the
lowest value.
- is the height from the center line to the peak
(or to the trough).
- can measure the height from the highest to
lowest points divided by 2.
 Period
- The period goes from one peak to the next
(or from any point to the next matching point).
- It is the length of one complete cycle.
 Phase Shift
- is how far the function is shifted horizontally
from the usual position.
- is the amount that the curve is shifted right
or left.
Graph of Sine and
Cosine Functions
(Amplitude, Period,
and Phase Shift)
 FOR SINE AND COSINE
•Given
  the functions:
y = a sin ( bθ + c ) + d
y = a cos ( bθ + c ) + d
Amplitude = I a I
Period =
Vertical Shift = d
Phase Shift =
EXAMPLES:
•1.   y = sin θ y = a sin ( bθ + c ) + d
a=1 b=1 c=0 d=0
Amplitude = I a I = 1
Period =
Vertical Shift = d = 0
Phase Shift =
EXAMPLES:
•2.   y = sin ( θ - ) + 2
a=1 b=1 c=- d=2
Amplitude = I a I = 1
Period =
Vertical Shift = d = 2
Phase Shift =