Physics 10

Simple harmonic motion

 science
• The knowledge gained through observation
and experiment is called science.
• The word science is derived from the Latin
word SCIENTIA which means knowledge.
 Natural philosophy
• Not until eighteenth century, various aspect of
material object were studied under a single
subject called the natural philosophy
 Natural philosophy
• As the knowledge increased natural
philosophy was divided into two main
streams;
• 1 Physical sciences
• Deals with the study of non-living things
• 2 Biological sciences
• Biological sciences are concerned with the
study of living things
 Introduction to Physics
• In nineteenth century physical sciences were
divided into five distinct disciplines;
• 1-Physics, 2- chemistry, 3- astronomy,
• 4-geology and 5-meteorology.
• The most fundamental of these is the physics.
 Physics
• Definition;

• In physics we study matter, energy and their

interaction
 Branches of Physics

• Mechanics, Heat, sound, light(optics)

• Electricity and magnetism, Atomic physics
• Nuclear Physic, Geo-physics
 Mechanics

• Mechanics is the study of motion of objects its

causes and effects
 Mechanics
• Mechanics is further divided into two
branches,
• 1-Kinematics
2-Dynamics
• Kinematics is the study of the motion of an
object without discussing the cause of motion.
 Motion

• A body is said to be in motion if it changes its

position with respect to its surroundings
 Types of Motion

• There are three types of motion

• Translatory motion;
• (linear, random and circular)
• Rotatory Motion
• Vibratory Motion
 Vibratory Motion
• To and fro motion of a body about its mean
position is known as vibratory motion.
• A body is said to be vibrating if it moves back
and forth or to and fro about a point
• Another term for vibration is oscillation
 Simple harmonic motion
 A special kind of vibratory or oscillatory
motion is called simple harmonic motion.
 Examples;
 The motion of mass attached to a spring on
horizontal frictionless surface.
 The motion of ball in a bowl.
 The motion of bob attached to a string.
 What is System
• A system is group of bodies within certain
boundaries.

• An isolated system is a group of interacting

bodies on which no external force is acting
 Hooke’s law
• The strain produced in a body by the stress
applied to it is directly proportional to the
stress within the elastic limit of the body.
• Thus stress ∞ strain
• Or stress = constant * strain
• Or stress/strain= constant
Motion of mass attached to a spring