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By :
Name : ARDIE B. ABIERA

Subject : GEC 1
 Table of Content
Your Name LESSON 5.A
The Physical Self

LESSON 5.B
The Sexual Self

LESSON 6
Material Self/Economic Self

LESSON 7
THE SPIRITUAL SELF AND THE MEANING OF LIFE
 1 LESSON 5.A
The Physical Self

Your Name
A. The Physical Self
The physical self is considered as an important component in the study of
the person’s self and identity. It is defined as the concrete or tangible aspect or
dimension of the person which is primarily observed and examined through the
body (Villafuerte, et al., 2018).
According to William James, a renowned psychologist and a pioneer of
American Sociology, “the self is the sum total of all that man call his, which
includes his body, family and reputation, also his clothes and his house”.
Furthermore, William James stated that “the body is the initial source of
sensation and necessary for the origin and maintenance of personality”
(Villafuerte, et al., 2018, p. 67).
 1. THE IMPACT OF THE BODY TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELF
PROPONENT IDEAS
Your Name
02 William James The body is the initial source of sensation and necessary
for the origin and maintenance of personality.
Erik Erickson Experience is anchored in the ground-plan of the body.

Sigmund Freud The physical body is the core of human experience.

Maurice Merleau-Ponty The body is at the center of human existence, as a way of
experiencing the world.

According to Villafuerte, et al. (2018, p. 67), the ideas of the proponents presented in the matrix
above explain to us the fact that;
 the body is the way through which we make sense of the world and our environment. We experience
life through our bodies and senses (sight, smell, touch, etc.) allowing us to interpret the world around
us.
 the body is not merely an object in the world but we are also our bodies in that the body is the vehicle
of our expression in the world.
 the body is the sight for the articulation of all our identifications of gender, class, sexuality, race,
ethnicity and religion.
  2. WHAT IS BEAUTY?

More often, being beautiful is equated with being well-dressed, elegant, good-looking and attractive! These are
Your Name some of the words that we commonly associate with beauty. These have become “the determining factors” that shape
the societal concept of beauty (Kenny & Nichols, 2014). Hence, adults and children who look good are more treated
kindly by others in the society.
So, what is the ideal body and who determines it? Let us take a look at the existing societal standards that
define what beauty is.

WOMEN MEN
Wavy, blond hair Muscular wash-board abs
Light skin Powerful legs
Big eyes Chiseled features
Tall and slender frame  
Pointed nose
Large breasts
Well-formed biceps
Tiny waists
Round yet toned posterior (butt)
 4 3. BODY IMAGE AND SELF-ESTEEM

Body image and self-esteem are impacted by culture It can be somebody’s own impression of how his or her
Your Name body looks. It may also be our sense of how other people view our bodies. Body image can be seen as both internal
(personal) and external (social). One’s perception of his or her body elicits either pleasant or unpleasant feelings.
Body image lies at the heart of an adolescent like you. It is the mental representation of your own body, which is a
very important aspect of identity.
Along with the concept of body image is the concept of beauty. Beauty is of two types:

INNER BEAUTY EXTERNAL BEAUTY

- Refers to the inner qualities of the person.
- Focuses on the development of the person’s
character.
- Refers to the physical characteristics of the
person.
- Focuses on the physical features of the body.

We will have a positive body image when we have a realistic perception of our bodies, when
we enjoy, accept and celebrate who or what and how we are, and let go of negative societal or
media perpetuated conditioning.
 LESSON 5.B
The Sexual Self

DIVERSITY OF HUMAN
Your Name SEXUALITY
 Masculinity and femininity, nowadays, became a fluid [indefinite] concept shared by gender identities in both
Your Name and neither sides of the sexual binary. Can you specify your sense of sexuality? To help you do that, here’s a list of
terms you should understand:

 Sexuality refers to a human’s capacity for sexual feelings and includes sexual orientation,
sexual identity, social gender roles and sexual activity. Sexuality is an integral part of all
persons, a basic need, and an aspect of being human. Sexuality includes eroticism,
pleasure, intimacy and reproduction.

 Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, activities, and attributes that a
given society considers appropriate for men and women. To put it another way: ’Male’
and ‘female’ are sex categories, while ‘masculine’ and ‘feminine’ are gender categories
(PAHO, 2009).

 Gender identity: A person’s private sense of being male, female or another gender. This
may or may not match the biological sex a person was assigned at birth.
 GENDER IDENTITY

LGBTI: An abbreviation referring to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons. “LGB” are sexual orientations,
Your Name while “T” is a gender identity and “I” is a biological variant. They are clustered together in one abbreviation due to similarities in
experiences of marginalisation, exclusion, discrimination and victimisation in a heteronormative and heterosexist society, in an
effort to ensure equality before the law and equal protection by the law (PsySSA Position Statement, 2013).

Lesbian: A woman who has sexual, romantic and intimate feelings for or a love relationship with another woman (or women).

Gay: A man who has sexual, romantic and intimate feelings for or a love relationship with
another man (or men).

Transgender: A term for people who have a gender identity, and often a gender expression, that is different to the sex they were
assigned at birth by default of their primary sexual characteristics.

Intersex: A term referring to a variety of conditions (genetic, physiological or anatomical) in which a person’s sexual and/or
reproductive features and organs do not conform to dominant and typical definitions of ‘female’ or ‘male’.

Queer: An inclusive term that refers not only to lesbian and gay persons, but also to any person who feels marginalized because
of her or his sexual practices, or who resists the heteronormative sex/gender/sexual identity system.
  Biological sex is defined by primary and secondary sexual characteristics identified at birth.
Your Name
02‘Sex’ refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women. It
is generally understood as a biological construct, referring to the genetic, hormonal,
anatomical, and physiological characteristics of males or females. Sex is typically assigned
at birth based on the appearance of the external genitalia.

 Sexual behaviour refers to participation in sexual acts that might or might not be related to
sexual orientation or be normative for a particular gender. People, for instance, in same-sex
physical locations, like mine compounds (a single-sex hostel for migrant mine workers),
might participate in a same-sex sexual act, but may not consider this having any impact on
their heterosexual orientation. Sexual behaviour is distinguished from sexual orientation
because the former refers to acts, while the latter refers to feelings and self-concept. People
may or may not express their sexual orientation in their behaviour.
Your Name
 Sexual orientation is primarily about attraction and is demarcated mostly by the sex of those to whom one is
attracted. The focus of sexual orientation is the biological sex of a person’s actual or potential relationship
partners– and this can be people of the same sex as the individual, of the other sex, or of either sex (Diamond,
2014; Feinstein et al., 2014; Seto, 2012). This attraction can be felt as a romantic, emotional, affectionate or
sexual attraction, as well as some combination of these.
Asexual: A person who has low or no sexual desire, little or no sexual behaviour, and a concomitant
lack of subjective distress. Identifying as asexual does not preclude the ability of the person to have a romantic or
love relationship with someone of the same and/ or different genders.
Bisexual: A person who is capable of having sexual, romantic and intimate feelings for or a love
relationship with someone of the same gender and/or with someone of other genders.
Heterosexual: Having sexual, romantic and intimate feelings for or a love relationship with a person or
persons of a gender other than your own.
Homosexual: Having sexual, romantic and intimate feelings for or a love relationship with a person or
persons of your own gender.
Pansexual: Having sexual, romantic, and intimate feelings for all gender identities in the spectrum.
 Question – Answer Session
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