REFRESHER: POWER &

INDUSTRIAL PLANT
ENGINEERING

PIPE_VIP_01
1. What is the terminal velocity of a 2” diameter aluminum sphere falling in
air? Assume that the sphere has a coefficient of drag of 0.5, the density of
aluminum is 5.12 slug/ft3, and the density of air is 0.00234 slug/ft3.

A. 100 ft/sec
B. 177 ft/sec
C. 350 ft/sec
D. 1000 ft/sec
2. In the real flow of air around a cylinder, the circulation is calculated to be
42.74 ft/sec. If the free stream velocity is 100 ft/sec, what is the lift generated
per foot of the cylinder?

A. 10 lbf/ft
B. 42.74 lbf/ft
C. 120 lbf/ft
D. 322 lbf/ft
3. The 5” diameter cylinder shown below rotates at 3600 revolutions per
minute. Air is flowing past the cylinder at 100 ft/sec. How much is lift on the
cylinder per unit length? The density of air is 0.00234 slug/ft3?

A. 23.65 lbf/ft
B. 1.25 lbf/ft
C. 11.75 lbf/ft
D. 20.75 lbf/ft
4. A pump produces a head of 30 feet. The volumetric flow rate is 10 gallon
per minute. The fluid pumped is oil with a specific gravity of 0.83. How much
energy does the pump consume in one hour?

A. 8.4 kJ
B. 17.2 kJ
C. 168.9 kJ
D. 203.6 kJ
5. A pump has an efficiency of 65%. It is driven by a 0.75 horsepower motor.
The pump produces a pressure rise of 120 Pa in water. What is the required
flow rate?

A. 3.03 m3/s
B. 4.04 m3/s
C. 4.55 m3/s
D. 4.66 m3/s
6. The pressure drop across a turbine is 30 psi. The flow rate is 60 gallons per
minute. Calculate the power output of the turbine.

A. 0.41 hp
B. 1.05 hp
C. 2.54 hp
D. 6.30 hp
7. If air is at a pressure, p, of 3200 lbf/ft3, and at a temperature, T, of 800 oR,
what is the specific volume, v? ( R = 53.3 ft-lbf-oR, and air can modeled as an
ideal gas)

A. 9.8 ft3/lbm
B. 11.2 ft3/lbm
C. 13.3 ft3/lbm
D. 14.2 ft3/lbm
8. Steam at 1000 lbf/ft3 pressure and 300 oR has a specific volume of 6.5
ft3/lbm and a specific gravity of 9800 lbf-ft/lbm. Find the internal energy per
pound mass of steam.

A. 2500 lbf-ft/lbm
B. 3300 lbf-ft/lbm
C. 5400 lbf-ft/lbm
D. 6900 lbf-ft/lbm
9. 3.0 lbm of air are contained at 25 psia and 100oF. Given that Rair = 53.35 ft-
lbf/lbm-oF, what is the volume of the container?

A. 10.7 ft3
B. 14.7 ft3
C. 15 ft3
D. 24.9 ft3
10. From the steam tables, determine the average constant pressure specific
heat (cp) of steam at 10 kPa and 45.8 oC.

A. 1.79 kJ/kg, oC
B. 10.28 kJ/kg, oC
C. 30.57 kJ/kg, oC
D. 100.1 kJ/kg, oC
11. A 10 m3 vessel initially contains 5 m3 of liquid water an 5 m3 of saturated
water vapor at 100 kPa. Calculate the internal energy of the system using the
steam tables.

A. 5 x 105 kJ
B. 8 x 105 kJ
C. 1 x 106 kJ
D. 2 x 106 kJ
12. A vessel with a volume of 1 cubic meter contains liquid water and water
vapor equilibrium at 600 kPa. The liquid water has a mass of 1 kg. Using the
steam tables, calculate the mass of the water vapor.

A. 0.99 kg
B. 1.57 kg
C. 3.16 kg
D. 2.54 kg
13. Calculate the entropy of steam at 60 psia with a quality of 0.6.

A. 0.4274 BTU/lbm-oR
B. 0.7303 BTU/lbm-oR
C. 1.1577 BTU/lbm-oR
D. 1.2172 BTU/lbm-oR
14. If 1 lbm of steam at 14.7 psia, 63% quality is heated isentropically, at what
pressure will it reach the saturated vapor state?

A. 56 psia
B. 313 psia
C. 1852 psia
D. 2585 psia
15. The first law of thermodynamics is based on which of the following
principles?

A. conservation of mass
B. the enthalpy-entropy relationship
C. action – reaction
D. conservation of energy
16. The general energy equation for an open system involves the following five terms:

I. accumulation of energy
II. net energy transfer by work (standard sign convention)
III. net energy transfer by heat (standard sign convention)
IV. transfer of energy in by mass flow
V. transfer of energy out by the mass flow

Using the standard sign conventions, what is the proper arrangement of these terms for the general
energy equation satisfying the first law of thermodynamics?

A. I = -II + III + IV – V
B. I = -II + III + IV + V
C. I = -II + III + IV – V
D. I = -II – III – IV +V
17. What is the value of the work done for a closed, reversible isometric
system?

A. zero
B. positive
C. negative
D. positive or negative
18. A 5m3 vessel initially contains 50 kg of liquid water and saturated water
vapor at total internal energy of 27,300 kJ. Calculate the heat requirement to
vaporize all of the liquid.

A. 100,000 kJ
B. 200,000 kJ
C. 300,000 kJ
D. 400,000 kJ
19. Find the change in internal energy of 5 lbm of oxygen gas when the
temperature changes from 100 oF to 120 oF, Co = 0.157 BTU/lbm-oR.

A. 14.7 BTU
B. 15.7 BTU
C. 16.8 BTU
D. 147 BTU
20. Water ( specific heat, co = 4.2 kJ/kg.K ) is being heated by a 1500W heater.
What is the rate of change in temperature of 1 kg of the water?

A. 0.043 K/s
B. 0.179 K/s
C. 0.357 K/s
D. 1.50 K/s
21. One kilogram of water ( co = 4.2 kJ/kg.K ) is heated by 300 BTU of
energy. What is the change in temperature, in K?

A. 17.9 K
B. 71.4 K
C. 73.8 K
D. 75.4 K
22. Determine the change in enthalpy per lbm of nitrogen gas as its
temperature changes from 500oF to 200oF, cp = 0.2483 BTU/lbm-oR)

A. -74.49 BTU/lbm
B. -72.68 BTU/lbm
C. -68.47 BTU/lbm
D. 63.78 BTU/lbm
23. What is the resulting pressure when one pound of air at 15 psia and 200 oF
is heated at constant volume to 800oF?

A. 15 psia
B. 28.6 psia
C. 36.4 psia
D. 52.1 psia
24. What horsepower is required to isothermally compress 800 ft3 of air per
minute from 14.7 psia to 120 psia?

A. 28 hp
B. 108 hp
C. 256 hp
D. 13,900 hp
25. Calculate the work done by a system in which 1 kg mole of water
completely evaporates at 100oC and 1 atmosphere pressure.

A. 1000 kJ
B. 2130 kJ
C. 2490 kJ
D. 3050 kJ
26. Twenty grams of oxygen (O2) are compressed at a constant temperature of
30oC to 5% of their original volume. What work is done on the system?

A. 824 cal
B. 924 cal
C. 944 cal
D. 1124 cal
27. Helium ( R = 0.4968 BTU/lbm-oR) is compressed isothemally from 14.7
psia and 68oF. The compression ratio is 4. Calculate the work done by the gas.

A. -1454 BTU/lbm
B. -364 BTU/lbm
C. -187 BTU/lbm
D. 46.7 BTU/lbm
28. Gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a weighted piston as the top boundary.
The gas is heated and expands from a volume of 0.04 m 3 to 0.10 m3 at a
constant pressure of 200 kPa. Calculate the work done by the system.

A. 8 kJ
B. 10 kJ
C. 12 kJ
D. 14 kJ
29. A piston-cylinder system contains a gas which expands under a constant
pressure of 1200 lbf/ft2. If the piston is displaced 12” during the process, and
the piston diameter is 24”, what is the work done by the gas on the piston?

A. 1768 ft-lbf
B. 1890 ft-lbf
C. 2387 ft-lbf
D. 3768 ft-lbf
30. Gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a weighted piston as the top boundary. The gas is
heated and expands from a volume of 0.04 m3 to 0.10 m3. The pressure varies such that PV
= constant, and the initial pressure is 200 kPa. Calculate the work done by the system.

A. 6.80 kJ
B. 7.33 kJ
C. 9.59 kJ
D. 12.0 kJ
31. How does an adiabatic process compare to an isentropic process?

A. adiabatic: heat transfer = 0; isentropic: heat transfer ≠ 0

B. adiabatic: heat transfer ≠ 0; isentropic: heat transfer = 0
C. adiabatic: reversible = isentropic: not reversible
D. both: heat transfer = 0; isentropic: reversible
32. What is true about the polytropic exponent, n, for a perfect gas undergoing
an isobaric process?

A. n > 0
B. n< 0
C. n -> oO
D. n = 0
33. In an isentropic compression, p1 = 200 psia, p2 = 300 psia, V1 = 10 in3, and
y = 1.4. Find V2.

A. 3.509 in3
B. 4.500 in3
C. 5.000 in3
D. 6.095 in3
34. In an adiabatic, isentropic process, p1 =200 psi, p2 = 300 psi and T1 = 700
o
R. Find T2 using y=1.4.

A. 576 oR
B. 590 oR
C. 680 oR
D. 786 oR
35. Air undergoes in isentropic compression from 14.7 psia to 180.6 psia. If
the initial temperature is 68oF and the final temperature is 621.5 oF, calculate
the work done by the gas.

A. -138.2 BTU/lbm
B. -94.8 BTU/lbm
C. 0 BTU/lbm
D. 94.8 BTU/lbm
36. Nitrogen is expanded isentropically. Its temperature changes from 620 oF
to 60oF. Find the pressure ratio (p1/p2)

A. 0.08
B. 12.9
C. 26.2
D. 3547
37. Nitrogen is expanded isentropically. Its temperature changes from 620 oF
to 60 oF. The volumetric ratio is V2/V2 = 6.22, and the value of R for nitrogen
is 0.0787 BTU/lbm-oR. What is the work done by the gas?

A. -1112.7 BTU/lbm
B. -99.22 BTU/lbm
C. 1112.7 BTU/lbm
D. 99.22 BTU/lbm
38. An isobaric steam generating process starts with saturated liquid at 20 psia.
The change in entropy is equal to the initial entropy. What is the change in
enthalpy during the process? (Hint: Not all of the liquid is vaporized)

A. -230.4 BTU/lbm
B. 230.4 BTU/lbm
C. 0 BTU/lbm
D. 196.2 BTU/lbm
39. A cylinder and a piston arrangement contains saturated water vapor at
110oC . The vapor is compressed in a reversible adiabatic process until the
pressure is 1.6 Mpa. Determine the work done by the system per kilogram of
water?

A. -637 kJ/kg
B. -509 kJ/kg
C. -432 kJ/kg
D. -330 kJ/kg
40. Helium is compressed isothermally from 14.7 psia and 68oF. The
compression ratio is 4. Calculate the change in entropy of the gas given that
RHe = 0.4961 BTU/lbmoR

A. -2.76 BTU/lbm-oR
B. -0.689 BTU/lbm-oR
C. 0 BTU/lbm-oR
D. 0.689 BTU/lbm-oR
41. For an ideal gas, what is the specific molar entropy change during an
isothermal process in which the pressure changes from 200 kPa to 150 kPa?

A. 2.00 J/mole.K
B. 2.39 J/mole.K
C. 2.79 J/mole.K
D. 3.12 J/mole.K
42. 200 g of water are heated from 5oC to 100oC, and vaporized at a constant
pressure. The heat capacity at constant pressure, cp, is 1.0 cal/g.K. Determine
the total change in entropy.

A. 248.2 cal/K
B. 298.2 cal/K
C. 348.0 cal/K
D. 398.2 cal/K
43. A carnot engine operates between 800 oR and 1000 oR. What is the thermal
efficiency?

A. 20%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 50%
44. A device produces 37.5 joule per cycle. There is one power strole per
cycle. Calculate the power output if the device is run at 45 rpm.

A. 4.69 W
B. 14.063 W
C. 28.125 W
D. 275.625 W
45. A steam generator produces saturated steam at 100 psia from saturated
liquid at 14.7 psia. If the heat source is a bath at 340 oF that provides 800
BTU/lbm, which of the following is true?

A. The device cannot work because the pressure

gradient is greater than zero
B. The device can work, but is inefficient
C. The device violates the first law of
thermodynamic
D. The device violates the second law of
thermodynamic
46. An engine burns a liter of fuel each 12 minutes. The fuel has a specific
gravity of 0.8, and a heating value of 45 MJ/kg. The engine has an efficiency
of 25%. What is the break horsepower of the engine?

A. 12.5 hp
B. 15.63 hp
C. 16.76 hp
D. 20.95 hp
47. A device that is meant to extract power from waste process steam starts with
steam of 75% quality at 100 psia. The exit conditions of the steam are 70% quality
at 14.7 psia. Which of the following statements are true?

I. This device violates the first law of thermodynamics

II. This device violates the second law of thermodynamics
III. This device generates positive net power
IV. This device generates no net power

A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
48. An engineer devises a scheme for extracting some power from waste process
steam. The steam enters the device at 100 psia and quality 75% and exits at 14.7
psia and 65% quality. Which of the following statements are true?

I. The device produces 155 BTU/lbm of work

II. The device violates the second law of thermodynamics
III. The device violates the first law thermodynamics

A. I
B. II
C. III
D. I and II
49. A refrigeration system produces 150 BTU/lbm of cooling. In order to have a rating of
1 ton of refrigeration, what mist be the mass flow rate of the vapor? (1 ton of refrigeration
= 12,000 BTU/hr, approximately the rate required to freeze 1 ton of ice in a day)

A. 2.2 lbm/hr
B. 15 lbm/hr
C. 80 lbm/hr
D. 360 lbm/hr
50. The mole is the basic unit measurement in chemistry. Which of the
following is not equal to or the same as the mole of the substance indicated?

A. 6.02 x 1023 of oxygen (o2) molecules

B. 16 g oxygen (o2) molecules
C. 12 g of carbon atoms
D. 1 g of hydrogen (H) atoms
51. The valve between a 9 liter tank containing gas at 5 atmospheres and a 6 liter
tank containing gas at 10 atmospheres is opened. What is the equilibrium pressure
obtained in the two tanks at constant temperature? Assume ideal gas behavior

A. 5 atm
B. 6 atm
C. 7 atm
D. 8 atm
52. A bicycle tire has a volume of 600 cm3. It is inflated with CO2 to a pressure
of 80 psi at 20oC. How many grams of CO2 are contained in the fire?

A. 3.83 g
B. 4.83 g
C. 5.98 g
D. 6.43 g
53. On a hot day, the temperature rises from 50oF early in the morning to 99oF
in the afternoon. What is the ratio of the concentration (in moles/ft 3 of helium
in a spherical balloon in the afternoon to the concentration of helium in the
balloon in the morning?

A. 0.51
B. 0.69
C. 0.91
D. 1.10
54. When 0.5 g of liquid is completely evaporated and collected in a 1 liter manometer, the
pressure is 0.25 atmosphere and the temperature is 27oC. Assuming ideal gas behavior,
determine the molecular weight. The gas constant is R* = 0.0821/.atm/mole.K.

A. 2 g
B. 2.2 g
C. 12.3 g
D. 49.2 g
55. Two hundred milliliters of oxygen gas (O2) are collected over water at
23oC and a pressure of 1 atmosphere. What volume would the oxygen occupy
dry at 273 K and 1 atmosphere?

A. 179.3 ml
B. 184.4 ml
C. 190.9 ml
D. 194.5 ml
56. The atomic weight of hydrogen is 1 gram per gram-atom. What is the mass
of a hydrogen atom?

A. 1.66 x10-24 g/atom

B. 6.02 x10-10 g/atom
C. 1.0 x10-23 g/atom
D. 1 g/atom
57. Calculate the theoretical density of cooper given that the unit cell is face-
centered cubic and the lattice parameter is 361 A. The atomic weight of cooper
is 63.5 g/mole.

A. 4.49 g/cm3
B. 7.86 g/cm3
C. 8.78 g/cm3
D. 8.97 g/cm3
58. Determine the planar density of copper atoms in the (100) plane given that
the unit cell is face-centered cubic and the lattice parameter is 3.61 A.

A. 7.68 x1018 atoms/m2

B. 1.53 x1019 atoms/m2
C. 2.30 x1019 atoms/m2
D. 3.84 x1019 atoms/m2
59. A sample of face-centered cubic nickel (Ni) was placed in an X-ray beam
of wavelength = 0.154 nm. If the lattice parameter for Ni is a o = 0.252 nm,
what is the first order angle of diffraction?

A. 5.68o
B. 6.97o
C. 12.6o
D. 19.0o
60. An open chamber rests on the ocean floor in 160. feet of sea water (sp.gr.
= 1.03). What air pressure in psig must be maintained inside to exclude water?

A. 45.2
B. 60.9
C. 71.4
D. 93.2
61. Pressure in lbf/ft2 at a depth of 300 feet in fresh water is nearest to:

A. 5,360 psf
B. 12,900 psf
C. 18,700 psf
D. 32,400 psf
62. What head in feet of air, at ambient conditions of 14.7 psia and 68oF, is
equivalent to 2 psia?

A. 146
B. 395
C. 3840
D. 1560
63. With a normal barometric pressure at sea level, atmospheric pressure at an
elevation of 4000 feet is nearest to:

A. 26” Hg
B. 28” Hg
C. 27” Hg
D. 29” Hg
64. An open topped cylindrical water tanks has horizontal circular base 10 feet
in diameter. When filled to a height of 8 feet, the force in lbs. exerted on its
base is nearest to:

A. 3,900
B. 7,800
C. 26,000
D. 39,000
65. Each connection between a 90 degree elbow and the 6” diameter pipeline
to which it is connected must resist what net tensile force in lbs. under static,
no-flow conditions if the line is pressurized to 100 psig?

A. 710
B. 830
C. 2000
D. 2800
66. A circular access port 2 feet in diameter seals an environmental test
chamber that is pressurized to 15 psi above external pressure. What force in
lbs. does the port exert upon its retaining structure?

A. 1700
B. 3700
C. 2300
D. 6800
67. Ice in an iceberg has a sp. Gr. Of 0.922. When floating in seawater (sp. Gr.
1.03), its exposed volume % is nearest to:

A. 5.6
B. 7.4
C. 8.9
D. 10.5
68. A floating cylinder 8 cm in diameter and weighing 950 grams is placed in
a cylindrical container 20 cm in diameter partially full of water. The increase
in the depth water in the container due to placing the float in it is:

A. 10 cm
B. 5 cm
C. 3 cm
D. 2 cm
69. The theoretical velocity generated by a 10 foot hydraulic head is:

A. 12.2 ft/sec
B. 17.9 ft/sec
C. 25.4 ft/sec
D. 29.2 ft/sec
70. What is the static head corresponding to a flow velocity of 10 ft/sec?

A. 1.55 ft
B. 1.75 ft
C. 2.05 ft
D. 2.25 ft
71. Normal boiling point of liquid oxygen is 90oK. What is this temperature in
R?

A. -330oR
B. -183oR
C. 162oR
D. 168oR
72. An airtight closed box of weight P is suspended from a spring balance. A bird weight
W is placed on the floor of the box, and the balance reads W + P. If the bird flies around in
the box at a constant elevation without accelerating, what is the balance reading?

A. P
B. P - W
C. P + W2
D. P + W
73. A hoist with a 100 horsepower engine is capable of lifting a 10,000 lb load
a height of 20 feet in 10 seconds. What is the efficiency of this machine?

A. 36.4 %
B. 36.9 %
C. 34.6 %
D. 46.3 %
74. Two barges, one weighing 10 tons, the other weighing 20 tons are connected by a cable
in quiet water. Initially the barges are at rest 100 feet apart. The cable is reeled in until the
barges are 50 feet apart. If the friction is negligible, calculate the distance moved by the 10
ton barge.

A. 33.9
B. 33.5
C. 33.3
D. 33.8
75. A 60 ton car is to travel around a curve of radius 3,000 ft. at a speed of 60 mph. By
how much must the outer rail be elevated in order that the reaction against the track may
be perpendicular to the plane of the rails? The track is standard gage of 4` - 8 ½”

A. 4.53 in.
B. 4.93 in.
C. 4.66 in.
D. 4.90 in.
76. A projectile weighing 100 pounds strikes the concrete wall of a fort with an impact
velocity of 1200 feet per second. The projectile comes to rest in 0.01 second, having
penetrated the 8-foot thick wall to a distance of 6 feet. What is the average force exerted in
the wall by the projectile?

A. 3.73 x105 lbs

B. 4.73 x105 lbs
C. 5.73 x105 lbs
D. 6.73 x105 lbs
77. Two 3-lb weights are connected by a mass less string hanging over a smooth,
frictionless peg. If a third weight of 3 lbs is added to one of the weighs and the
system is released, by how much is the force on the peg increased?

A. 1 lbs
B. 2 lbs
C. 3 lbs
D. 4 lbs
78. A gas bubble rising from the ocean floor is 1 inch in diameter at a depth of
50 feet. Given that sp. gr. Of seawater is 1.03, the buoyant force in lbs. being
exerted in the bubble at this instant is nearest to:

A. 0.014
B. 0.020
C. 0.076
D. 0.14
79. Draft, in inches of water differential pressure , is generated at the base of a 100 foot stack
filled with 500oF gases (assume same molecular weight as air due to differential specific
gravity.) Under ambient conditions of 14.7 psia and 68oF, air sp. Wt. is 0.075 lbf/ft3. The draft is
nearest to:

A. 0.30” water
B. 0.65” water
C. 1.00” water
D. 1.50” water
80. Ice in an iceberg has a sp. Gr. Of 0.922. When floating in seawater (sp. Gr.
1.03), its exposed volume % is nearest to:

A. 5.6
B. 7.4
C. 8.9
D. 10.5
81. A cylinder of cork is floating upright in a container partially filled with
water. A vacuum is applied to the container such that the air within the vessel
is partially removed. The cork will

A. rise somewhat in the water

B. sink somewhat in the water
C. remain stationary
D. turn over on its side
82. A floating cylinder 8 cm in diameter and weighing 950 grams is placed in
a cylindrical container 20 cm in diameter partially full of water. The increase
in the depth of water in the container due to placing the float in it is:

A. 10 cm
B. 5 cm
C. 3 cm
D. 2 cm
83. A clock of wood floats in water with 6 inches projecting above the water surface. If the
same block were placed in alcohol of specific gravity 0.82, the block would project 4
inches above the surface of the alcohol. Determine the specific gravity of the wood block.

A. 0.603
B. 0.306
C. 0.360
D. 0.036
84. Air flows in a long length of 1” diameter pipe. At one end the pressure is 30 psia, the
temperature is 300 oF and the velocity is 30 ft/sec. At the other end the pressure has been
reduced by friction and heat loss to 20 psia. The mass flow rate in lb/sec at any section
along the pipe is nearest to:

A. 0.02
B. 0.11
C. 0.37
D. 1.5
85. Water flows rate a long ½ in. i.d hose at 3 gallons per minute. Water
velocity is ft/sec is nearest to:

A. 1
B. 5
C. 10
D. 20
86. Theoretical horsepower required to pump water at 100 gallons per minute
from a large reservoir to the surface of another large reservoir 400 feet higher
is nearest to

A. 6 HP
B. 10 HP
C. 18 HP
D. 36 HP
87. A horizontal steam of water with a cross sectional area of 0.1 ft2 and a
velocity of 40. ft/sec has kinetic energy in ft lbf/sec nearest to:

A. 2,500
B. 6,200
C. 11,700
D. 56,000
88. A water tanks consists of a right circular cone that has its central axis vertical and its
vertex at the bottom. The radius at the top is 10 feet, the height is 50 feet, and the water is
15 feet deep. Determine the work required to pump all the water to the level of the top of
the cone.

A. 342,000 ft lb
B. 324,000 ft lb
C. 243,000 ft lb
D. 432,000 ft lb
89. A steam of fluid with a mass low rate of 2 slugs/sec and a velocity of 20
ft/sec to the right has its direction reversed 180o in a U fitting. The net
dynamic force in lbr exerted by the fluid on the fitting is nearest to:

A. 40
B. 80
C. 514
D. 1288
90. The thrust in lbf generated by an aircraft jet engine on take off per 1
lbm/sec of exhaist products, whose velocity has been increased from
essentially 0 to 500 ft/sec, is nearest to which of the following:

A. 15
B. 130
C. 360
D. 710
91. An orifice 2” in diameter discharge fluid from a tank with a head of 15
feet. Discharge rate, 1, measured at 0.5 cfs. Actual velocity at the vena
contracta, v.c., is 29.0 ft/sec. The coefficient of discharge Co, is nearest to:

A. 0.62
B. 0.74
C. 0.79
D. 0.86
92. At normal atmospheric pressure, the maximum height in feet that a non
volatile fluid of specific gravity of 0.80 may be siphoned is nearest to:

A. 12
B. 20
C. 28
D. 42
93. Water flow rate in a 6 inch diameter pipe is measured with a differential pressure gage
connected between a static pressure tap in the pipe wall and a pilot tube located at the
centerline. Which volume flow rate, q in cfs, results in a differential pressure of 1 psi?

A. 0.2
B. 2.4
C. 15.6
D. 28.2
94. A non-flow (closed) closed system contains 1 lb of an ideal gas ( C p =
0.24, Cv = 0.17). The gas temperature is increased by 10oF while 5 BTU of
work are done by the gas. What is heat transfer in BTU?

A. -3.3
B. -2.6
C. +6.7
D. +7.4
95. Shaft work of -15 BTU/lb and heat transfer of -10 BTU/lb change
enthalpy of a system form by:

A. -25 BTU/lb
B. -15 BTU/lb
C. -10 BTU/lb
D. +5 BTU/lb
96. 55,000 gallons of water passes through a heat exchanger and absorbs
28,000,000 BTU’s. The exit temperature is 110 oF. The entrance water
temperature in oF is nearest to:

A. 49
B. 56
C. 68
D. 73
97. The mass flow rate of Freon 12 through a heat exchange is 10 pounds/minute.
Enthalpy of Freon entry is 102 BTU/lb and of Freon exit is 26 BTU/lb. Water coolant
is allowed to rise 10 oF. The water flow rate in pounds/minute is:

A. 24
B. 76
C. 83
D. 112
98. A 53.8 grams of finely divided aluminum is heated to 98.3 oC and dropped into 76.2 grams of
water at 18.6 oC contained in a calorimeter. The final temperature of the mixture is 27.4 oC. The mass
of the calorimeter is 123 grams, and its specific heat may be taken as 0.092 cal g -1 deg-1. The
combined thermal capacity of the thermometer and metal stirrer is 6.5 cal deg -1. Assuming no heat is
lost from the system, calculate the mean specific heat of aluminum for the above temperature range.

A. 0.217
B. 0.127
C. 0.712
D. 0.721
99. The maximum thermal efficiency that can be obtained in an ideal
reversible heat engine operating between 1540 oF and 340 oF is closest to:

A. 100 %
B. 60 %
C. 78 %
D. 40 %
100. A 3 HP refrigerator or heat pump operates between 0 oF and 100 oF. The
maximum theoretical heat can be transferred from the cold reservoir is nearest
to:

A. 7,600 BTU/hr
B. 13,000 BTU/hr
C. 23,000 BTU/hr
D. 35,000 BTU/hr
101. A Carnot cycle heat engine operating between 1540oF and 440oF has an
efficiency of approximately

A. 55 %
B. 45 %
C. 35 %
D. 29 %
102. Second law limitation on the maximum horsepower output from any
power unit burning 1,000,000 BTU/hr of fuel with high and low temperature
extremes of 1540oF and 40oF is:

A. 98
B. 295
C. 1140
D. 3830
103. A heat pump installation is used to warm a stream of circulating air in a residence to
100 oF. An outside ambient of 35oF is considered the available heat source. A heating
requirement of 90,000 BTU/hr is necessary to maintain a comfortable temperature in the
living space.
(a) Determine the absolute minimum electrical requirement in kilowatts in HP. To
operate a heat pump delivering 90,000 BTU/hr under these conditions.
(b) Determine the electrical requirement in Kw to accomplish the same heat by resistance
heating.

A. 4.65 hp and 3.47 kW

B. 4.75 hp and 3.43 kW
C. 4.85 hp and 3.44 kW
D. 4.95 hp and 3.45 kW
104. A Carnot cycle heat engine operates between 1540oF and 40oF and rejects
250. BTU/lb to the low temperature reservoir or heat sink. Maximum entropy
change in BTU/lboR of the working fluid for any process in the cycle is:

A. 0
B. 0.25
C. 0.50
D. 1.0
105. A high velocity flow of gas at 800 ft/sec possesses kinetic energy nearest
to which of the following?

A. 1.04 BTU/lb
B. 4.10 BTU/lb
C. 9.95 BTU/lb
D. 12.8 BTU/lb
106. A Carnot engine operating between 70oF and 2000oF is modified solely
by raising the high temperature 150oF and raising the low temperature by
100oF. Which of the following statements is false?

A. thermodynamic efficiency is increased

B. more work is done during the isothermal expansion
C. more work is done during the isentropic
compression
D. more work is done during the reversible adiabatic
expansion
107. Determine the theoretical horsepower required for the isothermal
compression of 800 ft3 min of air from 14.7 to 120 psia.

A. 101 hp
B. 106 hp
C. 108 hp
D. 128 hp
108. A mixture at 14.7 psia and 68oF that is 30% weight CO2 (m wt = 44) and
7-% weight N2 (m wt = 28) has a partial pressure of CO2 in psia that is nearest
to:

A. 2.14
B. 3.15
C. 6.83
D. 7.86
109. Given that molar Cp of CO2 is 8.92 BTU/(lb.moleoR), and molar Cp of H2
is 695 BTU/(lb.moleoR), the calculated Cp per pound of mixture containing
25% vol. CO2 and 75%vol. N2 is:

A. 0.23 BTU/(lb.oR)
B. 2.23 BTU/(lb.oR)
C. 5.21 BTU/(lb.oR)
D. 7.44 BTU/(lb.oR)
110. Dry air has an average molecular weight of 28.9, consisting of 21 mole-
% O2, 78 mole-% N2 and 1 mole-% (Argon, traces of CO2). Its calculated wt.
% O2 is nearest to:

A. 21.0
B. 22.4
C. 23.2
D. 24.6
111. Sonic velocity (Mach 1) at 50,000 feel altitude in the standard upper
atmosphere (-67.6 oF and 1.68 psia) is nearest to:

A. 880 ft/sec
B. 971 ft/sec
C. 995 ft/sec
D. 1064 ft/sec
112. During complete stochiometric combustion of 1 lb. mole of methane
(Ch4) with air, the number of lb. moles of nitrogen and other inert that pass
through the combustion zone is nearest to:

A. 0.79
B. 3.9
C. 5.6
D. 7.5
113. The heat loss per hour through 1 sq ft of fumace wall 18” thick is 520 BTU. The
inside wall temperature is 1900oF, and its average thermal conductivity is 0.61
BTU/hr ftoF. The outside surface temperature of the wall is nearest to:

A. 100 oF
B. 300 oF
C. 600 oF
D. 1000 oF
114. A metal object at 120oF is set on an insulating pad to cool. The temperature initially
falls from 120 oF to 100 oF in 12 minutes. Surroundings are at 65oF. Find the time required
for that object to continue to cool from 98oF to 80oF. Assume negligible conduction and
radiation losses in both cases.

A. 20.9 min
B. 29.0 min
C. 28.0 min
D. 22.0 min
115. A shell and tube brine cooler cools 150 gallons of brine per minute from
16oF to 12oF, using ammonia at 5oF. The effective outside area of the tubes is
310 ft2. The brine has a specific gravity of 1.2 and a specific heat of 0.70.
(a) Compute the rating of the cooler in tons of refrigeration.
(b) Compute the coefficient of heat transfer, U, in BTU/(hr ft2oF).

A. 21 TOR and 91.4

B. 31 TOR and 91.4
C. 41 TOR and 91.4
D. 61 TOR and 91.4
116. Which of the following is NOT a usual operation of the power/unit area
Stefan-Boltzmann constant for black body radiation?

A. 1.36 x10-12 cal/(sec cm2oK4)

B. 5.68 x10-8 watts/(sec cm2oK4)
C. 5.68 x10-5 ergs/(sec cm2oK4)
D. 5.68 x10-8 coulombs/(sec cm2oK4)
117. A rectangular duct section 35 cm x 50 cm size carries 75 m 3/min of air
having density of 1.15 kg/m3. If the friction factor of sheet metal is 0.01, find
the pressure loss per 100 m length of duct.

A. 29 mm of H2O
B. 36 mm of H2O
C. 25 mm of H2O
D. 35 mm of H2O
118. The suction pressure of a 4 stage compressor is 140 kPa. It compresses
air at the rate of 15 m3/min, clearance is about 8% and 200 rpm. The
compressor discharges compressed air at a pressure of 1000 kPa. If the
compressor uses inter cooling determine the ideal pressure at the first stage
intercooler.

A. 228.87 kPa
B. 345.67 kPa
C. 453.45 kPa
D. 345.45 kPa
119. A commercial air-conditioner is rated by means of its EER or energy
efficiency ratio. For a certain air-conditioner with a cooling capacity of 4 kW
and requires 1000 W, approximate the EER of this unit.

A. 13.65
B. 12.80
C. 10.10
D. 11.11
120.A foundation measures 12 ft x14 ft x 16f= ft. Find the number of sacks of
cement needed for 1:2:4 mixture.

A. 302
B. 598
C. 356
D. 404