A PRESENTATION ON

“3D PRINTING
TECHNOLOGY”
What is 3D Printing ?

 3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of

making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file.
 The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using
additive processes.
 Additive process, where successive layers of material are
laid down in different shapes.
 Objects can be of almost any shape or geometry, and are
produced from a 3D model or other electronic data source.
How Does It Work?

The printer forms the item

A person creates a 3D image by depositing the material in
of an item using a The CAD information is sent layers—starting from the
computer-aided design to the printer. bottom layer—onto a
(CAD) software program. platform. In some cases
light or lasers are used to
harden the material.
History

1984 - 86
Charles Hull invents 3D printing and coins the
term “Stereo Lithography”

1992
First 3D printer built by 3D Systems

1999
First application of 3D printing in the medical field
- creating the human bladder
 2000
Miniature human kidney created through 3D
printing

2006
The Selective Laser Sintering machine – printing
multiple materials & fields

2009
First usable prosthetic leg – this opens the door
for customized products using 3D printing

2011
3D printers start offering 14k gold as printable
material
Steps Followed in this process:

 Modeling

 Printing

 Finishing
Modeling

Additive manufacturing takes virtual blueprints

from computer aided design (CAD) or animation 
modeling software and "slices" them into digital
cross-sections for the machine to successively use
as a guideline for printing.
 Printing

To perform a print, the machine reads the design and lays down
successive layers of liquid, powder, or sheet material to build
the model from a series of cross sections. These layers, which
correspond to the virtual cross sections from the CAD model,
are joined together or automatically fused to create the final
shape.
Advantage: Ability to create almost any shape or geometric
feature.
Finishing
Though the printer-produced resolution is sufficient for many
applications, printing a slightly oversized version of the
desired object in standard resolution, and then removing
material with a higher-resolution subtractive process can
achieve a higher-resolution.
Methods & Technologies

 Several ways to realize 3D objects –

 Selective laser sintering (SLS)

 Fused deposition modelling (FDS)
 Stereo lithography (SLA)
Selective laser sintering (SLS)

 This builds objects by using a laser to

selectively fuse together successive
layers of a cocktail of powdered wax,
ceramic, metal, nylon or one of a range
of other materials

 The laser fuses small particles of

plastic, metal, ceramic or glass
powders into a 3-dimensional mass.
Fused deposition modelling (FDS)

 This method uses a plastic filament or metal wire as input

material to an extrusion nozzle. The nozzle is heated to melt
the material and can be moved in both horizontal and
vertical directions by CAM. The material hardens
immediately after extrusion from the nozzle.
Stereolithography

 Stereolithography is a process for creating three-

dimensional objects using a computer-controlled laser to
build the required structure, layer by layer. It does this by
using a resin known as liquid photopolymer that hardens
when in contact with the air.
 Starting from a 3D image, a part is built slice by
slice from bottom to top in a vessel of liquid polymer
that hardens when struck by a laser beam.
Intriguing Applications

Fashion Medi
& Retail cal

Defense 3D
& Space Printing Food

Games &
Pop-
Entertain
Culture ment
Do It
Yourself
Video
Fashionable Plaster Medical

This 3D-printed cast to help repair

broken bones may be the future of
medical orthopedic casts. 3D-printed
casts also bring out the positive
potential of this emerging technology.
Bionic Ears Medical

Scientists, including an Indian-

origin researcher, have created a
3D-printed bionic ear that can
"hear" radio frequencies far
beyond the range of normal
human capability. Using off-the-
shelf printing tools, the scientists
at Princeton University explored
3D printing of cells and nano
particles, creating the bionic ear.
 Animated Characters Games &
Entertain
ment

Sony pictures was the first to embrace the

concept of 3D printing to create
characters for the movie Pirates – A Band
of Misfits.
Skyfall’s Aston Martin Pop-
Culture

Skyfall filmmakers 3D-printed this rare Aston

Martin so they wouldn't have to damage the
original for the film sequence. The effects crew
model makers called on a company called Voxeljet,
which used a massive 3D printer with a capacity of
283 cubic feet to reproduce three 1:3 scale models
of the Aston Martin.
3D-printed Lunar Base Defense
& Space

Building a base on the moon could

theoretically be made much simpler by
using a 3D printer to construct it from
local materials. The concept was
recently endorsed by the European
Space Agency (ESA) which is now
collaborating with architects to gauge
the feasibility of 3D printing using lunar
soil.
Print Your Footwear Fashion &
Retail

Fashion designer Iris van Herpen and

shoe designer Rem D Koolhaas have
collaborated to create 3D-printed
shoes that look like tree roots. The
shoes were presented at Paris Fashion
Week during Iris van Herpen's
couture show.