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  • Roots and Stems

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    SN - 11CC 678197 Meadowvale SS
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    Roots absorb water and nutrients, anchor the plant, and store food. There are two main root types: taproots which are good for accessing deep water and fibrous roots which are good for shallow water access. Roots have zones for cell division, elongation, and maturation. Eudicot roots have xylem, phloem, cortex, endodermis, and pith, while monocot roots lack these distinct tissues. Stems support leaves, flowers and fruit and transport materials. Eudicot stems have xylem surrounded by phloem while monocot stems have vascular bundles with xylem and phloem. Woody eudicot stems develop bark, vascular cambium

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    Roots absorb water and nutrients, anchor the plant, and store food. There are two main root types: taproots which are good for accessing deep water and fibrous roots which are good for shallow water access. Roots have zones for cell division, elongation, and maturation. Eudicot roots have xylem, phloem, cortex, endodermis, and pith, while monocot roots lack these distinct tissues. Stems support leaves, flowers and fruit and transport materials. Eudicot stems have xylem surrounded by phloem while monocot stems have vascular bundles with xylem and phloem. Woody eudicot stems develop bark, vascular cambium

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    8 views14 pages

    Roots and Stems

    Uploaded by

    SN - 11CC 678197 Meadowvale SS
    Roots absorb water and nutrients, anchor the plant, and store food. There are two main root types: taproots which are good for accessing deep water and fibrous roots which are good for shallow water access. Roots have zones for cell division, elongation, and maturation. Eudicot roots have xylem, phloem, cortex, endodermis, and pith, while monocot roots lack these distinct tissues. Stems support leaves, flowers and fruit and transport materials. Eudicot stems have xylem surrounded by phloem while monocot stems have vascular bundles with xylem and phloem. Woody eudicot stems develop bark, vascular cambium

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    of 14

    PLANT ORGANS

    ROOTS
    Root Functions
    -absorb water, inorganic nutrients
    -anchor plant
    -store food
    -some vegetative reproduction
    Root Types
    -Taproot: primary (1o) root is largest
    -good for accessing water deep in plant
    eg. carrot
    Root Types
    -Fibrous: roots are all the same size
    -good for accessing water shallow in plant
    eg. dandelion
    Root Parts
    Vascular cylinder – contains
    xylem and phloem for transport

    Root Hairs– increase surface


    area for water absorption

    Zone of Maturation:
    cells differentiate here
    Zone of Elongation: cells grow
    larger increasing root width

    Cells divide (Mitosis) at apical


    meristem Meristematic Zone:
    root cap: cells protect growing root
    Monocot and Eudicot Roots
    EPIDERMIS: PROTECTS ROOT FROM THE ENVIRONMENT
    XYLEM: TRANSPORTS WATER UP THE ROOT, THESE CELLS ARE DEAD AND HOLLOW
    PHLOEM: TRANSPORTS SUGAR DOWN THE ROOT, THESE CELLS ARE ALIVE
    Eudicot root
    EPIDERMIS

    XYLEM

    PHLOEM
    Monocot and Eudicot Roots
    CORTEX: LARGE THIN WALLED CELLS THAT STORE STARCH
    PERICYCLE: MAY PRODUCE NEW ROOTS
    ENDODERMIS: CONTROLS MOVEMENT INTO AND OUT OF VASCULAR TISSUES
    PITH: SPONGY TISSUE, STORES NUTRIENTS

    Eudicot root

    PITH

    CORTEX

    PERICYCLE

    e.g. bean, daisy ENDODERMIS e.g. tulip, corn


    Monocot and Eudicot Roots

    EUDICOT ROOT MONOCOT ROOT


    PLANT ORGANS

    STEMS
    Stem Functions
    -support and elevate the leaves, flower and fruit
    -transport material through the xylem and phloem
    -store nutrients
    -produce new tissue
    Monocot and Eudicot Stems

    cortex epidermis cortex epidermis

    Vascular
    pith bundle
    phloem phloem
    xylem xylem
    Vascular
    bundle
    Monocot and Eudicot Stems

    Eudicot stem Monocot stem


    Eudicot Stems (woody)
    Cork (bark) – tough protective cells outside epidermis, made by
    cork cambium
    Vascular Cambium: produces new xylem and phloem (xylem make
    annual rings, old phloem is crushed)
    Ray: allows movement into woody stems

    cork
    phloem
    Vascular cambium

    xylem

    ray
    crushed
    phloem
    Eudicot Stems (woody)

    Eudicot stem

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