POWER PLANT

CYCLES
IMPORTANT POWER PLANT
CYCLES

RANKINE CYCLE

BRAYTON CYCLE

DIESEL CYCLE

COMBINED CYCLE
 RANKINE CYCLES

SATURATED STEAM CYCLE

SUPERHEATED STEAM CYCLE

REGERATIVE STEAM CYCLE

REHEAT STEAM CYCLE

SUPERCRITICAL STEAM CYCLE

VAPOUR CYCLES
 RANKINE CYCLE ANALYSIS
SUPERHEATED STEAM CYCLE
CRITICAL POINT
5
Temperature

3 4

LIQUID
VAPOU
LIOUI R
2 D +
VAPOU
R
SATURATED LIQUID SATURATED
CURRE VAPOUR CURRE
1 6

Entropy
 CYCLE ANALYSIS
1–2 BOILER FEED PUMP WORK

2–3 SENSIBLE HEAT ADDITION (ECONOMISER)

3–4 LATEST HEAT ADDITION (BOILER BANK,

EVAPORATIVE & FURNACE)

4–5 SUPER HEAT ADDITION (SUPER HEATER)

5–6 EXPANSION (TURBINE WORK)

6–1 CONDENSATION (WATER COOLED / AIR

COOLED CONDENSER)
 SIMPLE RANKINE CYCLE

Power Out

Prime
Mover Condenser
Boiler

Power Out
Water In

PUMP
 SATURATED STEAM PRESSURE
CYCLE
CRITICAL POINT
Temperature

3 5

LIQUID
VAPOU
LIOUI R
2 D +
VAPOU
R
SATURATED LIQUID SATURATED
CURRE 6 VAPOUR CURRE
1

Entropy
 SUPERCRITICAL PRESSURE CYCLE
5

CRITICAL POINT
3 &4
Temperature

LIQUID
VAPOU
LIOUI R
2 D +
VAPOU
R
SATURATED LIQUID SATURATED
CURRE 6 VAPOUR CURRE
1

Entropy
 REHEAT CYCLE
(Graphical Representation)

5 5.2
Temperature

3
4

5.1

1 6

Entropy
 REHEAT CYCLE – Line Diagram

Reheater

Superheater

Second Stage
Boiler
First Stage Turbine

Turbine

Condenser

PUMP
 REGENERATIVE CYCLE
(Graphical Representation)
5
Temperature

3
4
5a

2
5b

6
1

Entropy
 REGENERATIVE CYCLE – Line Diagram

Turbine

Condenser

Boiler

PUMP1
Feed Heater

PUMP2
 CYCLE PARAMETERS FOR
CO-GENERATION PLANTS
GRADUAL INCREASE IN THE OPERATING
PRESSURES OF SUGAR PLANT BOILERS

14 21 32 42 67 87

105 ATA
INDIA’S FIRST TWO NOS. OF 87 ATA 515 DEG C
BASED COGENERATION PLANT HAVE BEEN
COMMISSIONED AT M/S KAKTHIYA CEMENT &
SUGARS INDUSTRIES AND M/S BANNARI AMMAN
SUGARS LTD UNIT 1
 HOW HIGHER PRESSSURE POWER
CYCLES HELP?

EVERY TEN TON OF STEAM WILL PRODUCE THE

FOLLOWING POWER FOR VARIOUS POWER
CYCLES IN A CONDENSING TURBOGENERATOR.
STEAM CYCLE PARAMETERS POWER PRODUCTION
ATA / DEG.C (KW)
42 / 440 2450
64 / 480 2700
84 / 510 2850
105 / 535 3090
 HOW REGERATIVE HEATERS HELP?
Cycle No.Of Name of Feed water Feed water Fuel rer.for
parameter Heaters heaters temperature a 100tph Blr.

42 ata / 440°C One DTR 130°C 40.6 tph

64 ata / 480°C Two DTR + HPH 180°C 39.1 tph

84 ata / 510°C Three LPH + DTR + HPH 200°C 38.6 tph

105 ata / 535°C Four LPH + DTR + HPH + HPH 235°C 36.95 tph

Note: Fuel considered is Bagasse

DTR Deaerator
HPH HP Heater
LPH LP Heater