Hello Class Lecture: 1.

2 Classification of Control Systems

Control Systems EngiTech

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Undergraduate BSc Electrical, Electronics
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Lecture 1.2
Topic: Classification of Control Systems

Prepared by
Engr. Dr. Muhammad Farhan
Email: mfarhan@gcuf.edu.pk
@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Classification of Control Systems 1
Hello Class Lecture: 1.2 Classification of Control Systems

Classification of Control Systems

• Natural Control system
• Manmade control system
• Manual & Automatic Control System
• Time varying & time invariant system
• Continuous time and discrete time control system
• Lumped & distributed parameter C.S
• Deterministic vs Stochastic
• SISO & MIMO
• Linear & Nonlinear system
• Open loop & closed Loop systems 2
@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Classification of Control Systems 2
Hello Class Natural Control System

Natural Control System

• Universe
• Human Body
• The biological systems
inside human being are of
natural type. The
perspiration system inside
the human being is a good
example of natural control
system.

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@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Natural Control System 3
Hello Class Manmade Control System

Manmade Control System

• The various systems, we are using in our day to day life are designed
and manufactured by human beings. Such systems like vehicles,
switches, various controllers etc. are called manmade control systems.
• Aero planes
• Chemical Process

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@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Manmade Control System 4
Hello Class Manual & Automatic Control System

Manual & Automatic Control System

• Manual Control Systems
• Room Temperature regulation Via Electric Fan
• Water Level Control

• Automatic Control System

• Home Water Heating Systems (Geysers)
• Room Temperature regulation Via A.C
• Human Body Temperature Control

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@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Manual & Automatic Control System 5
Hello Class Time Varying and Time-Invariant Systems

Time Varying and Time-Invariant Systems

• Time varying control systems are those in which one or more parameters of the
systems are varying with time. It is not dependent on whether input and output are
functions of time or not. e.g. mass of space vehicle.
y(t )  2u(t )  3t
• In time invariant systems, the inputs and outputs are functions of time but the
parameters of system are independent of time, which are not varying with time
and are constants, then system is said to be time invariant system.
y(t )  2u(t )  1
• Electrical networks elements i.e. resistances, inductances and capacitances are
time invariant systems as the values of the elements of such system are constant
and not the functions of time.
• Systems that are represented by differential equations whose coefficients are
functions of time are called linear time-varying systems.
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@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Time Varying and Time-Invariant Systems 6
Hello Class Continuous vs Discrete Systems

Continuous vs Discrete Systems

• In continuous data control system all system variables are function of a continuous
time t.
x(t)

• A discrete time control system involves one or more variables that are known only
at discrete time intervals.
X[n]

n
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@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Continuous vs Discrete Systems 7
Hello Class Lumped & Distributed Systems

Lumped & Distributed Systems

• Distributed parameter Analysis is at the material element level
• Partial differential equations 
• Lumped parameter Analysis is at the component level
• Component properties are self contained and complete
• ODE/Diff Equation 

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@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Lumped & Distributed Systems 8
Hello Class Deterministic vs Stochastic

Deterministic vs Stochastic
• A control System is deterministic if the response to input is predictable
and repeatable.x(t) y(t)

t t

• If not, the control system is a stochastic control system

z(t)

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@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Deterministic vs Stochastic 9
Hello Class Multi Variable Control System

Multi Variable Control System (SISO & MIMO)

Outputs
Temp
Humidity Comparator Controller Process
Pressure

Measurements

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@farhan. M Lecture: 1.2 Multi Variable Control System 10