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• 2. Aspek Epistemologi
1. Aspek Ontologi/Metafizik
• -Aliran rasionalisme
-Aliran naturalisme • -Aliran positivisme
-Aliran Supernaturalisme • -Aliran empirisisme
-Aliran spritualisme • -Aliran realisme
-Aliran dualisme
• -Aliran idealisme
-Aliran pluralisme
-Aliran pantheisme
-Aliran monisme
• 3. Aspek Aksiologi
• -Aliran hedonisme
• -Aliran vitalisme
Dari segi fungsinya sungguhpun bidang Falsafah cuba
menyelesaikan masalah-masalah asasi yang tidak
terjawab oleh bidang ilmu dan sains yang terbatas
namun Falsafah juga mengandungi keterbatasannya
sendiri.
• Social Science
– General term for all sciences that concerns for
human affairs and its improvement.
– Society
• Pure Science
– General term for all sciences that concerns for
physical world
– Nature
Similarities
• 1 Employing scientific method to gain
information
• 2 Use empirical and measured data
• 3. Test theories to produce theoretical
statement and general positions
Differences
• Subject matter
– Subject and Object of study
• Methodology
– Alternative method of observation and interaction with
subject
– Repetitive and labotary Method
• Character
– Spontaneous, unpredictable , uncontrollable (emotion
and behaviour)
– Exactness, controlled variables and predictabilty
Human brain is the Science
Human Heart is the philosophy
Philosophy of Science?
• Philosophy and science are equal partners
assisting creative thought in its exploration to
attain generalization of truth.
• Philosophy arms science with general principle
of theoretical thinking with a method of
cognition and world view.
• Philosophy is the method of science
The Characters
• Philosophy uses • Science uses hypothesis
questioning and series testing that is
of analyses through empirically based.
logical argument and • Science bases its
dialectics (reason-based explanations from
logical analysis) experimentation and
• Philosophy bases its observation.
explanation on
argument of principle
The Importance
• Helping our brain grow in finding new
knowledge
• Helping us defeat our curiosity of how the
world develops and works
• Ensuring the validity of inquiry
Conclusion
• Social Science and Pure Science
• Empirical and Non Empirical
• Systematic Inquiry
• Menjawap persoalan-persoalan tabii dalam teori saintifik.
• Lawrence Sklar dalam Philosophy of Physics (1992)
Bagaimana kita boleh menjelaskan fenomena dalam
dunia ini secara pembuktian dan rumusan mutlak?”.
Sejauh mana pula pembuktian ini mendukung aspek
rasionaliti atau ia sekadar melemahkan lagi hipotesis
kepercayaan kita".