GREEN UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH

PRESENTATION ON
FABRIC
Subject:SPREADING
APPAREL MANUFACTURING
Code: TEX - 303
Name ID

Mohaiminul Islam 120103074

Fabric Spreading:
Fabric spreading means smooth lying out of fabrics as per
marker direction. Fabric spreading is the preparatory
process for cutting.
. Types of Fabric Spreading :
 The spreads can be of two basic types:
 1. Flat spreads :
 Here all plies are found of the same length.

.
2 Stepped spread
This as the name suggests, is built up in steps, with all the
plies in one step having the same length. A stepped spread
is generally used when the quantities to be cut precludes
the use of a flat spread. The cut order plan details the
colors and ply lengths for a stepped spread, if it is needed.
Spreading Quality Specification :
 Spreading quality must be measured with respect to
the following factors:
 Ply alignment: length and width
 Ply tension: stretch, slack edge
 Grain alignment: bowing
 Splicing: waste and precision;
 Damage placement: economy of placement;
 Surface direction; and
 Static electricity
Fabric Spreading Objective:
 To place a number of plies of fabric under the
marker
according to the planning process.
 In the color required
 Correctly aligned as to length and width
 At correct tension
General Fabric Spreading System :

 Mark the Splice Zone on the Spreading Table

Use Paper for the first ply in case the table surface is
rough or when fine fabrics are being spread
Identify the defects noticed in the fabric by means of
sticker
 Use lubricated paper for separating layer
 To prevent scorching in the natural fibers (coarse
fabrics).
 To prevent fusing in the synthetic fabrics.
Ensure that decided number of ply count and height of the
spread is achieved.
How to spread:
 Pull the fabric to far end position
 Position the fabric at the far end (with our without weight
or pins)
 Align the ply (width on one side
 Cut the ply after each layer.
 Repeat this process from until the entire roll is spread
 Check ply count.
Forms of Spreading:
 Cuttining are of Two kinds.

1. One Way Cutting : One way cutting is when fabric is laid

the same way up with grain or print pattern running in the
same direction. Fabric has to be cut at the end of each ply.

2. Face to Face Cutting: Face to face cutting is when the plies

are laid in pairs face to face. The grain or pattern runs in the
same direction.

.
Requirements of
Spreading Process:
 Alignment:
 Elimination of fabric defects/flaws:
 Correct ply direction:
 Correct ply tension:
 Avoidance of distortion in the spread during cutting:
 Fabrics must be flat and free from any crinkle & crease:
 Checks and stripes should be matched .
Spreading Modes:
 Direction of Fabric Nap: A second consideration in
selecting the spreading mode relates to the direction of the
fabric nap. Placement of the nap may be nap-one-way
(N/OW) or nap-up-and-down (N/U/D)
 . Direction of Fabric Face: The fabric face may be
positioned in two ways: face-to-face (F/F) or with all plies
facing-one-way (F/O/W), face up or face down
Fabric Put-up and Spreading
Modes:
Fabric Put-up; Open and Rolled :
Fabric Put-up; Folded and
Rolled :
Fabric Put-up; Tubular
Fabric Rolled :
Spreading Mode; Open Fabric, Face
One Way, Nap One Way (F/O/W,
N/O/W) :
Spreading Mode; Open Fabric, Face One
Way, Nap One Way (F/O/W, N/O/W) :
Spreading Mode; Open Fabric, Face
to Face, Nap One Way (F/F, N/O/W)
:
Spreading Mode; Open Fabric, Face to
Face, Nap Up and Down (F/F, N/U/D) :
Spreading Mode; Folded Fabric, Face to
Face, Nap One Way (F/F, N/O/W):
Spreading Mode; Folded Fabric,
Face to Face, Nap Up and
Down (F/F, N/U/D):
Spreading or Laying:
Types of Lay Plan :
 Half Garment Lay includes only half of the garment
pieces for example one side left or right. Generally used
for tubular fabrics.
 Whole Garment Lay includes garment pieces, left and
right sides. Generally used for Open width fabrics.
 Single Size Lay is used using all garment pieces of one
single size. Disadvantageous as the consumption of fabric
is higher.
Types of Fabric Lay:
According to the construction fabric lay is two types. These
are:
1. Straight lay
2. Stepped lay
According to the direction of spreading fabric lay is three
types. These are:
3. From right to left
4. From right to right
5. Zigzag lay
Straight Lay:
Stepped lay:
From right to left:
From right to right:
 Zig - zag
lay:
Removing Tension in the Lay:
 1. An essential element of spreading is to relax tension in
the fabric during the
2. Spreading process. Should there be any significant
„stretch‟ in the fabric after
3. Spreading, when the fabric is cut into parts, each part
will shrink. Even 5% shrinkage is enough to change a
whole garment size
The Method of Fabric Spreading:
• a- By Hand

Fabric roll is spreaded on

the table by two laborers
according to the length &
width of marker.
Sometimes it is done by
entering a rod which is
made by wood or metal in
the center paper table
which is present in the
center of the fabric roll.
 b. By hook

In this process the top of the table on which the

fabric is spreaded is set at 10º angle perpendicularly.

 c. Spreading truck with the help of operator:

There is a spreading truck on the one end of

the spreading table in which the fabric roll is
placed.
2. Mechanical method:
 a. Semiautomatic
Spreading machine is run on the
rails which are placed at two
side of fabric spreading table
surface and operated by motor.
Fabric roll is set in a
predetermined place of the
machine.

 b. Full automatic:
This is the improvement
of semiautomatic
machine.
 REFFERENCES
 Science Central News
textilelearner.blogspot.c
o m
 www.definetextile.com
fibres2fabrics.blogspot.co
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