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  • Bonding in Discrete Molecules

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    Nujod Hola
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    This document discusses discrete molecules and bonding. Discrete molecules are electrically neutral groups of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Dot-and-cross diagrams can be used to model bonding by showing overlapping electron circles. Simple discrete molecules form tightly packed lattices in the solid state. Their strong covalent bonds but weak intermolecular forces give them low melting and boiling points. They are also non-conductive since electrons cannot move freely. The octet rule reflects how main group elements form bonds to obtain noble gas configurations, though there are exceptions like hydrogen.

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    Bonding in discrete molecules

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    This document discusses discrete molecules and bonding. Discrete molecules are electrically neutral groups of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Dot-and-cross diagrams can be used to model bonding by showing overlapping electron circles. Simple discrete molecules form tightly packed lattices in the solid state. Their strong covalent bonds but weak intermolecular forces give them low melting and boiling points. They are also non-conductive since electrons cannot move freely. The octet rule reflects how main group elements form bonds to obtain noble gas configurations, though there are exceptions like hydrogen.

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    13 views6 pages

    Bonding in Discrete Molecules

    Uploaded by

    Nujod Hola
    This document discusses discrete molecules and bonding. Discrete molecules are electrically neutral groups of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Dot-and-cross diagrams can be used to model bonding by showing overlapping electron circles. Simple discrete molecules form tightly packed lattices in the solid state. Their strong covalent bonds but weak intermolecular forces give them low melting and boiling points. They are also non-conductive since electrons cannot move freely. The octet rule reflects how main group elements form bonds to obtain noble gas configurations, though there are exceptions like hydrogen.

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    of 6

    (✿✪‿✪ ｡ ) 　こんにちわ　みなさん

    BONDING IN
    DISCRETE
    MOLECULES
    By: Rayan Abu baker :0
    THINGYS TO KNOW ABOUT THE TOPIC:
    What is discrete molecule:
    -It is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bond.

    What is Dot-And-Cross diagram:


    -It model the bonding to show an overlapped circles and so electrons from one atom are drawn as dots, and
    electrons from another atom are drawn as crosses.

    EXAMPLE:
    Discrete Molecules:
    -They are simple molecules, so in solid state they are LATTICE(lattice is an ordered array of points describing the arrangement of
    particles that form a crystal.

    -They are bonded together THIGHTLY by our covalent bond.

    -Even though the covalent bond is VERY STRONG the


    H2O intermolecular force is WEAK

    -Simple molecules have a low melting and boiling point, which mean small
    Energy needed to distribute the forces.

    -The weak intermolecular force of attraction of the non-polar solvent are


    The same as the simple molecular substances FORCE, so the forces will be
    Able to act between the molecules of SIMPLE MOLECULAR SUBSTANCE
    And our friend the solvent which make the simple molecule SOLUBLE

    -Lastly, simple molecules are non-conductors so don’t conduct ELECTRICITY


    Because there is no ELECTRONS to move around and carry out OUR CURRENT
    I said before that is NETURAL SO

    なに！ :0
    Uncle Student 1 chemistry A level Edxcel Book Didn’t help OVER HERE!!!!
    The OCTET RULE :0
    The octet rule is a chemical rule that reflects the observation that main group elements tend to bond in such a
    way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble
    gas.

    -It is useful sometimes as it work as a guide, BASS NO always and so there is a lot of exceptions.
    -Hydrogen which only have one electron will try to bind with other elements to make it valence shell
    COMPLETE by having an another electron (rayana EXAPLAINs THE THINGY)
    -But then Elements like (C, N, O, F, Na, Mg) will work so fine to obey the Octet rule(RETTA)
    -It can be showed as a DISPLAYED FORMULA or BY OUR DOT-CROSS-DAIGRAM
    SEE (: みる : ）
    かわいい summary:
    -Discrete mean SIMPLE
    -Covalent is between non-metals (ppl) elements
    -Octet rule want us to have ONLY 8 electrons in the outer most shell(valance)
    -Normal elements in period two will obey the octet rule and also the expanded ones are
    normal:0
    -The ABNORMAL ones are the incomplete ones so like H the highest energy level is
    1s :0 so it is an exception, also Be,B will be incomplete ppl too.
    -Displayed formula shows each boinding pair as a line drawn between the two atoms
    invovled

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