Municipal

Corporations
On-Line Class

Southwestern University
November 2022, Cebu City

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Good
Afternoon
To All .

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 WELCOM
E
Insert Your Picture Here

Email: attyedLao@gmail.com
Mobile Number: 09180864131
Fb: attyedlao

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  Shall we begin?
ATTENDANCE?

Locations?

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 Preliminary

Quick Look: System of Local Government

Course
Outline
Important Terms

History : Centrality and Decentralization

Constitutional Policy and Framework

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 Nature and types of Municipal Corporations

Origin and Transformation:

Creation, Abolition, Merger, Alteration and Conversion

Course Strategy of Growth

Outline Local Autonomy and Forms of Decentralization

More burdens and Wider Scope of Responsibilities:

Expansion of local Services and Responsibilities

More Powers: Basic Powers and the Grant of

additional Powers

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 Increased Access:
More Resources and Revenues towards Fiscal Autonomy and Self
– Reliance

More Democratic:
Peoples and Sectoral Participation

Course
Outline
Summary

More Development?
Key Problems and Burning Issues of the Day

Proposed Changes towards Local Autonomy

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 LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LOCAL AUTONOMY, DEMOCRACY AND
DEVELOPMENT

 Course Title
 Course Objectives
 Duration
Preliminary  Requirements
 Methods
 Reports, Assignments and jurisprudence
 Schedules
 Reference
 Contacts

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  Politics
 State (People, territory, government and sovereignty)
 Sovereignty
 Government and Governance
Terms  Corporation, public and private
 Federal government and unitary
 National Government and Local Government
 Local Autonomy

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Administrative Map

Organizational Structure
Overview of
Local
Context/History Administration
and Autonomy
Central - Periphery Question

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Admin Map

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 in descending order, CALABARZON (16,195,042), the National Capital Region (13,484,462), and Central Luzon (12,422,172). Almost 40 percent of the national populati
Caraga (2,804,788), and MIMAROPA Region (3,228,558) whose combined populations account for less than 10 percent of the national count.

Province count City count Mun. count Bgy. count Border type Island group

4 9 116 3,267 coastal Luzon

5 4 89 2,311 coastal Luzon

7 14 116 3,102 coastal Luzon

5 20 122 4,019 coastal Luzon

6 7 107 3,471 coastal Luzon

6 16 117 4,051 coastal Visayas

Regions
4 16 116 3,003 coastal Visayas

6 7 136 4,390 coastal Visayas

3 5 67 1,904 coastal Mindanao

5 9 84 2,022 coastal Mindanao

5 6 43 1,162 coastal Mindanao

4 5 45 1,195 coastal Mindanao

0 16 1 1,710 coastal Luzon

6 2 75 1,178 landlocked Luzon

5 2 116 2,490 coastal Mindanao

5 6 67 1,311 coastal Mindanao

5 2 71 1,460 coastal Luzon

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Ethnic Groups
Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, waray, muslim,
etc
Population by mother tongue (2010)
Language
Languages Speakers
Main article: Languages of the Philippines
Tagalog 24.44 %   22,512,089
Cebuano 21.35 %   19,665,453
Ilokano 8.77 %   8,074,536
Hiligaynon 8.44 %   7,773,655
Waray 3.97 %   3,660,645
Other local languages/dialects 26.09 %   24,027,005
Other foreign languages/dialects 0.09 %   78,862
Not reported/not stated 0.01 %   6,450
TOTAL 92,097,978
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[387]

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lgus
17 regions, 81 provinces, 146 cities, 1,488 municipalities, and 42,036 barangays.[339]

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Local
Government
Structure

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 History
 Pre-colonial
 Barangay
 Balangay, sailboat during the SEA maritime trade
 Equivalent of the polis, with 30-100 families
 Tribal; kinship based;
 Datu/rajah (monarchy) with council based on customs
and traditions
 Protection including personal affairs
 Disputes submitted to council for mediation and
resolution
 Spanish Colonization
 Spanish law of the Leyes de Indios;
 Balangay changed to barangay
 Clustered to barrios and to pueblos; for collection taxes
 Cabezas de barangay; teiente del barrio, goverbanorcillo
 Maura law in 1893 and first municipal elections in 1895

First Skill PAGE 16

Second Skill Third Skill Conclusion
 History
 American
 Invasion and annexation and the Treaty of Paris in 1898;
 for 20 million Dollars and additional amount;
 Pueblos to municipalities under General Order 43 of the
Philippine Commission
 In 1901, Taft Commission enacted Act. No 82/83 for
organization of functions and province;
 Districts created out of cluster of barrios; teniente del barrio
appointed;
 1916, under Jones Law, country was divided in 16 districts;
 Governor general appointed senators and representatives;
 Japanese
 December 8 1941; pre-emptive attack on Pearl Harbor
 Established a council of state
In 1943, declared country as independent Republic;
with constitution

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History
 Post War Republic
 4.4.1 1955 - RA 1408 creating barrio councils
 4.4.2. 1959 – RA 2264 Local autonomy law; reorganizing provinces
 4.4.3. 1959 – RA 237, The Barrio Charter
 4.4.4. 1963 – RA 3590, The Revised Barrio Charter;
 4.4.5. 1967 – RA 5185, The Decentralization Act;

 Martial Law
 21 September 1972 martial law was declared;
 1974, PD 557 creating citizens assemblies ; barangay captain and the
kagawads
 1978, PD 1508 The katarungang Pambarangay law positions made
elective, not appointive
 Reliant on manila for administration, assistance and resources
 1983, Batasang Pambansa, passed BP 337 for the fullest development
of self-reliant communities;
 Post-Edsa.
 Adoption of 1987 Constitution with full article
 1991, RA 7160
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Pimentel

 Splitting the atom to unleash the forces of

development to benefit the masses with
fruits of modernization in this lifetime;

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Democracy
 Democracy is as good as the degree of
autonomy; local assemblies constitute
the heart of free nations;

 Within reach of peoples hearts, people

can learn and enjoy democracy without
which democracy cannot sustain

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National
RP is a UNITARY STATE
Structure  - Existence and Powers derived
from National Government
 -Delegated Powers

Not a FEDERAL STATE

- Local governments are supreme
although subordinate in some
respects ( foreign affairs, defense,
currency and commerce)
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Nature of local government
 Principal and Agents Relation  Dual nature
- Political body - agency of government for
 Section 1, Article 10, 1987 Constitution promoting public welfare
 - Territorial and political subdivisions - Corporation - proprietary for special
benefit
 Section 15 of Local Government Code  Territorial/Geographic

- Body politic and a corporate endorsed with such

powers to be exercised by it in conformity with the
law.
 Jurisprudence
 A political subidivsion of a nation or sate constituted
by law and has substantial control of local affairs

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Nature
Corporation
 Artifical being created by law, consisting of a
collection of individuals, name, perpetual  Island,
succession with powers to achieve purpose
 separate and distinct entity  Region,
 Public and private, quasi public;  District,
 De facto and de jure  purok,
 Municipal  MMDA,
-City, country or other governing body at a  Mega-Cebu,
level smaller than a state; constituted by law
and exercising substantial control;  Cordillera Administrative Region
 Elements: legal creation, name, inhabitants,
territory

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Essences
 Duality :Political agency and Corporate
 Not a State ; not an imperium within an imperio;
 Principal not enfeebled; still subordinate and agent;
 Not absolute independence; subject of constitutional and statutory regulations;

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Fundamentals : 1987 Constitution
 Article II  Article x
 Section 1
 Section 25 - Principle of Local Autonomy Territorial and Political Subd.
 Section 2 Guarantee of local autonomy
 Section 3 Enactment of the LGC
 Section 4 Presidential power of general
 supervision
 Section 5 Power to Create own Resources
 Section 6 Just share in national taxes
which shall be automatically
released;
 Section 7 Equitable Share in national wealth
 Section 8 Term of Office and Voluntary Renunciation
 Section 9 Sectoral Representation in legislatures

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  Supervision vs. control
Powers of  LGU in relation to statutes
President - small-scale mining in line with RA 7942,
(Section 4, Philippine Mining Act; ( Provinces and cities)
- Water districts , PD 198
Article X, - Water Code, PD 1076
Constitution) - Cockfighting law, PD449
- Domestic violence, RA 9262
- CARP, 6657
- Administer oath;
- Emeregency
Local holiday
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 Article X
 Section 10 Criteria in case of Creation, etc and
Need for Plebiscite
 Section 11 Special Metropolitan political subdivisions

Local  Section 12
 Section 13
Highly urbanized cities in provinces
Inter-local Government Cooperation
Government  Section 14 Regional Development Councils

Local  Section 15
 Section 16
Autonomous Regions
General Supervision over autonomous
Autonomy regions

Autonomous  Section 17 Powers not identified with the National

Regions
 Section 18 Adoption of Organic act
 Section 19 Date of elections in autonomous regions

General  Section 20 Scope of legislative powers in autonomous

provisions regions
 Section 21 Peace and order in autonomous regions
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 Legal Basis Articles Books Sections
 

       
1987 Constitution Article II, Section      
25

Article x, 10-21      

RA 7160 536 sections Book 1 First Two Weeks

Principles
Elective Officials
Administrative Units
Book 2 3rd Week
Taxation and Fiscal Matters (Local
Government Taxation, Real Property
Taxation, Shares in national taxes, Credit
Financing, Fiscal Administration
Property administration

Book 3. 4th Week

Local Government Units , Common
Appointive officials and Different Leagues

Book 4 4th Week

 

Executive Order 292,. Administrative Code of the Philippines      

Special Laws        
 

Jurisprudence      
 

DILG Issuances      

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RA 7160

Effectivity Policy Scope

(Section1) (Section (Section
2) 4)

Enjoy genuine and meaningful Local Govenrments

local autonomy
1991 – signing Attain fullest development as Local Officials
1992 – effectivity self-reliant communities and National agencies and
Active partners of national national officials
government
System of Decentralization
( more powers, authority and
resources)
System of direct accountability
First Skill
Public
Second Skill Periodic Consultation
Third Skill Conclusion
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Classification of RA 7160
 Ra 7160 is a special Law on local government units
 RA 7160 prevails over general laws.

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Rules of Interpretation
(Section 5)

 When in doubt, in favour of local government, especially on devolution and

decentralization
 In case of doubt, taxes and revenue measures against local government; exemptions
against individuals
 General welfare provisions in favour of the local government unit
 Absence of legal provisions, customs and traditions of the place.

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 Operative Principles of Decentralization
( Section 3, RA 7160)
 Effective allocations of powers and functions  Continuing reforms in administration and
 Accountable and efficient organizational organization not just legislative acts
structure to meet priority needs  Sharing responsibilities in environment
 Merit and fitness in appointment of local  Upgrade local leadership
officials  Support for less developed local governments
 Reasonable and adequate financial resources  Participation of the private sector
(Internal and external)
 General Supervision by the national
 General Supervision of provinces, cities and
government
municipalities
 Pooling of resources by LGU’s
 Participation in implementation of national
projects

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Creation  Requirements
( Section 6, RA 7160)  (Section 7, 8 and 9, RA 7160)
Authority
By Congress or by province, city or
municipality
 Income
By way of law or ordinance  Population
 Land Area
 Attested by DOF, NSO AND DENR

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Specifics
Legislative bodies that can create,
Local government Area Creation
Populationand modification [edit]
Income merge, abolish or substantially alter
: the boundaries of the LGU
₱20 million for the last two
Province 2,000 square kilometers (770 sq mi) 250,000[a] consecutive years based on 1991 Congress[b]
[a] 
constant prices
₱100 million for the last two
City 100 square kilometers (39 sq mi)[a] 150,000[a] consecutive years based on 2000  Congress[b]
constant prices[11]
₱2.5 million for the last two Congress
Municipality 50 square kilometers (19 sq mi) 25,000 consecutive years based on 1991 
constant prices  Bangsamoro Parliament

 Congress
 Bangsamoro Parliament
5,000[c]  Sangguniang Panlalawigan,
Barangay None None with recommendation from
2,000[d]
the concerned Sangguniang
Bayan(s) required
 Sangguniang Panlungsod

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Division and merger
(Section 8, RA 7160)
 Same requirements
 Shall not result to reduction of requirements especially
income
 Financial classifications of LGUS

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 When minimum requirements fall; ABOLITION
 The LGU to which the abolished lgu
should be incorporated, should be
(Section 9, RA
speficied. 7160)

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  Plebiscite called for the purpose
Procedural
 Mandatory
Requirement  Majority Vote in lgus directly affected
(Section 10,  COMELEC
RA 7160)  120 days from approval of ordinance

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 Special Forms of
Administration
 MMDA and autonomous regions – to
meet special needs
 In 1994, MMDA established
 RA 6734 – ARMM; declared as a failed
experiment
 RA 11054 – BARMM;
 The Cordillera Autonomous Region
 The Cordillera Administrative Region

Third Skill PAGE 38

First Skill Second Skill Conclusion
Grand Strategy to Development
 Local Autonomy Forms of Decentralization
- Decentralization
-Transfer and diffusion of administration DEVOLUTION
- Political transfer of powers, responsibilities
 Aspects toward administration and resources from central to
- Basic powers, administrative, fiscal and local
economic - Autonomous Regions given more leeway
 Realism - Basic powers of police, expropriation and
taxation

DECONCENTRATION
- Transfer of administrative responsibilities
DEBUREACRATIZATION

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 Here is what we learned
 First skill:
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First Lesson  Second skill:

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 Third skill:
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Conclusion PAGE 40
First Skill Second Skill Third Skill