FRICTION

CHP-11
 What
Add a Slide Title - 3 is friction?
When two objects touch each other , a force called
1 friction opposes the motion
2 of the objects, whether
the object is moving or at rest.

3 If the object is moving4friction acts in the

direction opposite to the movement.
5 6
The force is exerted by the surface

7 8
 Medium

Friction can occur on any medium – solid, liquid or

gaseous.
But it is highest on solid. (Oil reduces friction between 2
objects)
Rough surface > smooth surface
Heavy object > light object
Surface area. The bigger the object more is the friction
 Effects of friction
• Friction is a force and can cause a lot of
changes.
• It can slow down a body
• It can produce heat
• It can cause wear and tear
 Slowing down a body
• Any object which is moving comes to a stop on
its own. To keep it moving, it has to be
regularly pushed or pulled. This is the effect of
friction. It opposes motion and slows down and
stops a moving object . For example, a girl
riding a bicycle has to keep on pedalling so that
she does not stop.

• Friction also prevents a body at rest from

moving , Hence, a bicycle which has stopped
does not start moving unless a force is applied.
 Produces heat
• Place your palms on your eyes and feel the
warmth. Now, rub your palms together for
a minute and repeat the same action. Do
your palms feel warmer? Why?

• Moving parts that are in contact become

warm or hot due to constant friction
between them. That is why sparks fly
when a knife is sharpened by grinding it
against a rough surface.
 Wear and tear
Look at the soles of a pair of your
old shoes. The soles look worn
out, don't they? Friction causes
wear and tear. Parts of machines
have to be replaced regularly for
this reason. A chalk and an eraser
become smaller with use due to
friction.
 Uses of friction
Friction plays a very
important role in our lives. It
helps us perform many
activities and is very useful. 
Friction helps us write
Without friction we would not be able
to walk.
Skating on ice is easier as friction is
reduced.
We are able to play the violin because
of friction. It produces sound
Vehicles move without skidding
because of friction
We can produce heat by rubbing
our palms thanks to friction
We are able to hold objects in our
hands because of friction.
A matchstick catches fire on rubbing
against a rough surface because of
friction
 Harmful effects of Friction
Excess friction can cause problems and be
harmful.
Friction causes the parts of a mchine to
wear out because of rubbing against each
other and friction heat because of friction in
vehicles leads to fire accidents.
Slows down vehicles
Knives have to be sharpened because
of friction
Soles of shoes get worn out because of
friction
Moving heavy objects is hard because
of friction
Fans make noise because of friction
What can be a reason for forest fires?
Why do we put powder on carrom
boards?
State true or false :
There is friction even when an object
is at rest
Friction cools moving objects in
contact
Get 3 objects where you see friction at
home for the next class.
HA : Complete Questions and answer
1,2,3.
 Controlling friction

Friction can be increased or

decreased for our daily life
requirements. The need arises
to increase or decrease friction
according to the situation.
Increasing
Increasingfriction
friction
•Friction can be
increased by increasing
the roughness of one or
both the surfaces that
are in contact. 
 Spikes are
added to the
soles of
shoes to
increase the
grip
 Gloves
while
climbing
rocks and
mountaineer
s to increase
friction.
Treads on
wheels
Weightlifters rub
sawdust or
rough powder.
Anti-skid or
uneven tiles
to prevent
people
slipping
 Friction can be
reduced by making
the surfaces in contact
smooth. It is
impossible to remove
Decreasing friction completely
friction but we can reduce it
by using
lubricants(grease ,
oil , powder) 
Applying oil to
moving parts of
a machine.
Wheels or
rollers
reduce
contact
with the
surface
and hence
reduce
friction
Polished
surfaces
reduce
friction-
slides