TAPI DIPLOMA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, SURAT

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
GROUP NO.:- E5
 PROJECT TITLE:
◦ ACCIDENT AVOIDANCE OF VEHICLES
USING MULTI SENSOR:
1. Ultrasonic Distance Measurement
2. Smoke sensor.
3. Eye blink sensor

(Guided By:-Mr. RAJESH PATEL)

 INDEX
SR.NO. CONTENTS SLIDE
NO.

1 Abstract 1
2 Introduction 2
3 Block diagram 3
4 Final model 4
5 Work allocation matrix 5&6

6 Materials used in Project 7

7 Circuit diagram 8
8 Sensors 9 To 16
9 Disadvantages and advantages 17
10 Cost estimation 18
11 Conclusion 19
12 Reference and website source 20 To 21
 1. ABSTRACT

The main aim of the project is to develop a system for automatic

speed control of vehicle and accident avoidance using eye blink sensor
and ultrasonic sensor.

1
 INTRODUCTION:

In today, heavy population of automobile increases the number of

accidents. These accident are mostly caused by the delay of driver to
hit the brake, when pedestrian or any object is detected. To prevent
the accident caused by this delay, a new system that can solve this
problem where drivers may not brake manually, but the vehicle can
stop automatically due to obstacle or pedestrian detection.

2
3.BLOCK DIAGRAM

3
FINAL MODEL:

4
 Work Allocation Matrix
PLANNED DATE ACTUAL DATE
REASONS
FOR ANY
ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION WHO WILL WHO HAS/HAVE DELAY /
NO OF ACTIVITY PERFORM? STARTI ENDIN STARTIN PERFORMED? DEVIATION
ENDING
NG G G FROM
PLANNING

1. Find circuits Vivek 20/10 26/01 20/10 26/01 Vivek -

Akshat Akshat
Purchase
2.
components
& 27/10 02/11 27/10 02/11 & -
vivek vivek

3. Decide circuit All 23/11 01/12 23/11 01/12 All -

Dixit Dixit
Testing of
4. & 02/12 14/12 02/12 14/12 & -
components 5
 Deep
Deep
Fabricate the &
5
circuits
& 15/12 30/12 15/12 30/12 -
piludariya
Piludariya

Martin
Martin
&
6 Testing of circuits & 04/01 18/01 04/01 18/01 -
Akshat
Akshat

Attach the
7
circuits
Vivek 19/01 01/02 19/01 01/02 Vivek -

Piludariya/Deep Piludariya/Deep
8 Trouble shooting & 02/02 15/02 02/02 15/02 & -
Vivek vivek

Final report work

9 and PPT ALL 16/02 24/02 16/02 24/02 ALL -
presentation 6
 Materials Used in Project

 BRIDGE RECTIFIER
 ULTRASONIC DISTANCE MEASUREMENT
SENSOR
 SMOKE SENSOR
 EYE BLINKING SENSOR
 LCD DISPLAY
 BUZZER
 DC MOTOR
 JUMPER WIRE

7
Circuit diagram

8
ULTRASONIC DISTANCE
MEASURMENT (HC-SR04)

This is the HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor. This economical

sensor provides 2cm to 400cm of non-contact measurement
functionality with a ranging accuracy that can reach up to 3mm.
Each HC-SR04 module includes an ultrasonic transmitter, a receiver
and a control circuit.

9
SMOKE SENSOR (MQ-2)

MQ2 is one of the commonly used gas sensors in MQ sensor series. It is a

Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) type Gas Sensor also known
as Chemiresistors as the detection is based upon change of resistance of the
sensing material when the Gas comes in contact with the material. Using a
simple voltage divider network, concentrations of gas can be detected.

MQ2 Gas sensor works on 5V DC and draws around 800mW. It can

detect LPG, Smoke, Alcohol, Propane, Hydrogen, Methane and Carbon Mono
xide concentrations anywhere from 200 to 10000ppm.
13
10
EYE BLINKING SENSOR

This eye blink sensor is based on IR. It consists of an IR transmitter and IR
receiver. The eye blink sensor illuminates the eye with infrared light and
monitors the changes in the reflected light.

11
ARDUINO UNO R3 BOARD

Adriano is used for building different types of electronic circuits easily using of
both a physical programmable circuit board usually microcontroller and piece of
code running on computer with USB connection between the computer and
Adriano.

Programming language used in Adriano is just a simplified version of C++

that can easily replace thousands of wires with words. 12
LED DISPLAY (16X2)

Lcd (liquid crystal display) screen is an electronic display module and

find a wide range of applications a 16x2 lcd display is very basic
module and is very commonly used in various devices and
circuits These modules are preferred over seven segments and other
multi segment leds a 16x2 lcd means it can display 16 ...

13
BUZZER

An audio signaling device like a beeper or buzzer may be electromechanical or 
piezoelectric or mechanical type. The main function of this is to convert the
signal from audio to sound. Generally, it is powered through DC voltage and
used in timers, alarm devices, printers, alarms, computers, etc. Based on the
various designs, it can generate different sounds like alarm, music, bell & siren.
Buzzer Pin ConfigurationThe pin configuration of the buzzer is shown below.
It includes two pins namely positive and negative. The positive terminal of this
is represented with the ‘+’ symbol or a longer terminal. This terminal is powered
through 6Volts whereas the negative terminal is represented with the ‘-‘symbol
or short terminal and it is connected to the GND terminal.

14
DC MOTOR(100 RPM) 12V

15
.
A machine that converts dc power into mechanical energy is known as
dc motor. Its operation is based on the principle that when a current
carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, the conductor
experiences a mechanical force. The direction of the force is given by
Fleming’s left hand rule

Commutation in DC Motor:-

In order to produce unidirectional force (or torque) on the armature

conductors of a motor, the conductors under any pole must carry the
current in the same direction at all times.

The function of commute at or and brush gear in a dc motor is to cause

the reversal of current in a conductor as it moves from one side of a
brush to the other.

16
 Disadvantages and advantages

 ADVANTAGES :-
◦ By the using of this system we can control the speed
very easily
◦ Reliable
◦ Easy to implement

DISADVANTAGES:-
 This system can operate certain distance only

1
17
Cost estimation

18
 Conclusion

 In this project a sensor based accident avoidance system

has been proposed. Design is developed using wireless
system. System is designed, implemented and tested for
vehicle safety.

19
 Reference and website source

 Applications "By Darshit mahyavanshi

 1. "The 8051 Microcontroller Architecture, Programming &

 2. "The 8051 Microcontroller & Embedded Systems" by Mohammed
 Ali Maid and Janice Gillespie Maida

 3. International journal of scientific &engineering research, volume 4 cot 13

 4. ATMEL AVR studio & AT mega 16 data sheet

 5. The 8051 micro controller Architecture, Programming & Applications by
darshit mahyavanshi

 6. Electronic components by D.V.Prasad

 7. Fundamentals of micro processors and micro computers by Bram

20
1. www.mitel.datebook.com
.
2. www.atmel.databook.com

3. www.franklin.com

4. www.keil.com

5. www.google.com

6. www.wikipedia.com

7. www.ijser.org

8. www.8051freeprojectsinfo.com

9. www.8052.com

10. www.microsoftsearch.com
21