Electrical Machines

EE 313

Session 11
Reference Book
Electric Machinery Fundamentals, Stephen J. Chapman, 4e.

Course Instructor: S. Kumar, PhD

Assistant Professor
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, GIK Institute.
7. Induction Motor
An induction motor is a rotating transformer in which the secondary winding is
wound on rotating part called rotor.
An induction motor is an AC motor with only stator power supply. The supply on
the rotor is induced from the stator magnetic field using electromagnetic
induction.

7.1 CONSTRUCTION
7.2 BASIC CONCEPTS
CONCEPT OF ROTOR SLIP
ELECTRICAL FREQUENCY ON THE ROTOR
7.3 EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
7.4 POWER AND TORQUE INDUCED
LOSSES AND POWER FLOW
7.5 TORQUE-SPEED CHARACTERISTICS
DERIVATION OF TORQUE EQUATION
7.6 VARIATION IN TORQUE-SPEED CHARACTERISTICS
7.7 STARTING INDUCTION MOTOR
7.9 SPEED CONTROL TECHNIQUES
7.13 RATING of INDCUTION MOTOR
 7. Induction Motor
7.3 Equivalent Circuit
An induction motor re lies for its operation on the induction of voltages and currents in its rotor
circuit from the stator circuit (transformer action).

An induction motor equivalent circuit differs from a transformer equivalent circuit primarily
in the effects of varying rotor frequency on the rotor voltage E R and the rotor impedances RR
and jXR

The transformer model of an induction motor. with rotor and stator connected by an ideal
transformer of turns ratio aeff
 7. Induction Motor
7.3 Equivalent Circuit
The Rotor Circuit Model
The magnitude and frequency of the voltage induced in the rotor at any speed
between these extremes is directly proportional to the slip of the rotor,

The rotor resistance RR is a constant (except for the skin effect), independent of
slip, while the rotor reactance is affected in a more complicated way by slip.
 7. Induction Motor
7.3 Equivalent Circuit
 7. Induction Motor
7.3 Equivalent Circuit
 7. Induction Motor
7.3 Equivalent Circuit
To produce the final per-phase
equivalent circuit for an
induction motor, it is necessary
to refer the rotor part of the
model over to the stator side.
 7. Induction Motor
7.3 Equivalent Circuit
The rotor resistance RR and the locked-rotor rotor reactance XRO are very difficult or
impossible to determine directly on cage rotors, and the effective turns ratio a eff is
also difficult to obtain for cage rotors. Fortunately, it is possible to make
measurements that will directly give the referred resistance and reactance R 2 and X2,
even though RR, XRO and aeff are not known separately.
7. Induction Motor
7.4 POWER AND TORQUE IN
INDUCTION MOTORS
Losses and the Power-Flow Diagram

Air gap
Thank You!