CLASSIFICATION

OF MATTER
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. Describe an element
2. Describe a compound
3. Identify the different types of mixture
A.) PURE SUBSTANCES

• A pure substance may either be an element

or a compound.
ELEMENT
• AN ELEMENT IS A SUBSTANCE THAT IS
COMPOSED OF ONLY ONE TYPE OF ATOM.
• IT CANNOT BE SEPARATED INTO SIMPLE
SUBSTANCE BY CHEMICAL MEANS.
SYMBOLS OF AN
ELEMENT
• EXAMPLE:

Z
A. METALS

• are generally shiny, malleable, and hard. Metals are also

good conductors of electricity.

• Examples: Gold, Silver, Iron, Uranium, and Zinc.

B. METALLOID

• Characteristics of both metals and non-metals and are also called

semimetals.
• Metalloids are typically semi-conductors, which means that they both
insulate and conduct electricity. This semi-conducting property makes
metalloids very useful as a computer chip material.

• Examples: Silicon and Boron

C. NONMETALS

• Do not conduct heat or electricity very well. Non-

metals are typically brittle and are not easily molded
into shapes.

• Example: Hydrogen and Carbon.

COMPOUND
• A compound is formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded together.
• The elements in any compound found are always found in fixed ratios.

• Examples of COMPOUNDS:
• Table salt (NaCl)
• Water (H2O)

• Table sugar (C12H22O11)

A. ORGANIC COMPOUND

• A compound containing carbon atoms covalently bonded to

hydrogen (C-H bond).

• Substances that contain element carbon commonly coming from

living matter.
B. INORGANIC COMPOUND

• A compound that does not contain a carbon-to-hydrogen bond

also called C-H bond.

• Usually found outside living matter.

• Identify a compound as ORGANIC or INORGANIC:

1. Methane (CH4)
2. Ammonia (NH3)
3. Glucose (C6H12O6)
4. Water (H2O)
EXEMPTIONS (ORGANIC COMPOUND):

• CARBONATES ( CaCO3)
• OXIDES (CO2)
• CYANIDES ( HCN)
 B.) MIXTURES

• MIXTURE – is a combination of two or more substances, which are

mixed together but are not chemically combined. It can be a combination
of two or more compounds, and its composition varies.

• A MIXTURE is either:
• HOMOGENEOUS OR HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE
 HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE

• A MIXTURE having a single phase and a uniform

composition.

• SOLUTIONS – is a mixture formed when one or more

solutes dissolve in a solvent
• Example: Sugar solution
 HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE

• A MIXTURE consist of two or more phases.

• Does not have a uniform composition, and its components can
be easily separated from one another.

• EXAMPLES:
• SUSPENSION & COLLOIDS
 SUSPENSION

• A MIXTURE in which solute particles do not dissolve but get

suspended throughout the bulk of the medium.
• Particles in suspension are larger than those found in solution

• Examples:
• Powdered chalk in water
• Mercury in oil
 COLLOID
• A MIXTURE in which particles is in intermediate size, between those found in
solutions and suspensions can be mixed such that they remain evenly distributed
without settling out.

• EXAMPLES:
• Emulsions: milk, mayonnaise, lotion
• Gels: gelatin, butter, jelly
• Aerosols: fog, insecticide spray, clouds, smoke and dust
TRY!
INDICATE IF IT’S AN ELEMENT OR A COMPOUND.

1. Gold =
2. Carbon dioxide =
3. Water =
4. Lead =
5. Oxygen =
TRY!
LABEL THE FOLLOWING: SUSPENSION, COLLOID, SOLUTION

1. Salt + water =
2. Sand + water =
3. Vinegar =
4. Dust particles in air =
5. paint =
THANK YOU

FOR

LISTENING