GROUP NO.

2
 FRESH CONCRETE AND IT’S
PROPERTIES

A concrete is refered to as
fresh (green) when the setting and
hardening procesess has not yet
started.
Fresh cocrete can be deformed
and poured which means it can be
transported or pumped and used
to fill mouds and formwork.
Fresh concrete has two fundamental properties which are Mouldability and Workabilitty.

Mouldability of a concrete is
an a ability of a concrete to
assume any shape. And Workability of a concrete
basically refers to how easily freshly
mixed concrete can be placed,
consolidated and finished with
minimal loss of homogeniety.
Generally the workability of a
concrete is determined by how fluid
the mix is (i.e the cement to water
ratio).
• Other properties of a fresh concrete are :
Setting
Segregation and bleeding
Hydration

Setting:
When concrete changes its state from fresh to hardened then this
processis called setting. And the time required to complete this process is
known as Setting time of a cement. Setting time depends on the type of
cement , aggregates, etc. For increasing or decreasing the setting time
Admixtures are used.
Segregation:

Separation of concrete
ingredients from each other is
known as segregation. This can be
caused due to excessive vibration in
concrete mixer machine or falling
concrete from more then 1-meter
height.
Bleeding:

Bleeding in concrete is sometimes

referred as water gain. It is a perticular
form of segregation, in which some of
the water from the concrete comes
out to the surface of the concrete,
being of the lowest specific gravity
among all the ingredients of concrete.
Bleeding is predominantly observed in
a highly wet mix, badly proportioned
and insufficiently mixed concrete.
Hydration:
Concrete derives its strength by the hydration of cement
particles. Hydration of cement is a process continuing for a
long time, even if a higher water/cement ratio is used, since
the concrete is open to the atmosphere, the water used in
the concrete eveporates and the water available in the
concrete will not be sufficient for affective hydration
particularly in the top layer.
If the hydration is to continue, extra water must be
added to refill the loss of water on account of absorption
and evaporation. therefore the curing process can be
considered as creation of favorable environment during
the early period for uninterupted hydration.
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