REPRODUCTION

IN PLANTS
 REPRODUCTION
 the process by which organisms produce
offspring.
There are 2 types of reproduction: asexual and
sexual.
Asexual reproduction
 takes place when one parent self-reproduces.
Sexual reproduction
 involves two parents and union of gametes.
Asexual Reproduction
 Most plants reproduce asexually through various
means.
 They reproduce through their vegetative parts
such as stems, roots, and leaves.
 resulting plant is genetically identical to its par-
ent plant.
 can occur either naturally or artificially.
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
 Natural Vegetative Propagation
• using their vegetative parts or specialized re-
productive structures (modified stems)
Asexual Reproduction
 Natural Vegetative Propagation
• Tuber
– new shoots arise from an auxillary bud on a
swollen, short, fleshy underground stem (exam-
ples: potato, turnips, sweet potato)
Asexual Reproduction
 Natural Vegetative Propagation
• Runner
– new plants arise at the nodes of a horizontal stem above the
ground
– (examples: strawberry plants, Bermuda grass, spider plant)
Asexual Reproduction
 Natural Vegetative Propagation
• Corm
– new plants arise from very short, thick underground
stems with thin, scaly leaves
– (examples: crocus, gladiolus, begonia, gabi)
Asexual Reproduction
 Natural Vegetative Propagation
• Rhizome
– new plants arise at the nodes of a horizontal root-like
underground stem
– (examples: ginger, bamboo, canna lilies)
Asexual Reproduction
 Natural Vegetative Propagation
• Bulb
– new bulbs arise from auxillary bud on very short stems
with thick fleshy leaves
– (examples: onion, daffodils, hyacinths)
Asexual Reproduction
 Artificial Propagation Methods
• Cutting
– leaves, stems or roots are cut from one plant, planted
in soil, and used to grow new individuals
– (examples: sugarcane, rose, cassava)
Asexual Reproduction
 Artificial Propagation Methods
• Layering
– branch of the plant which is near to the ground is
pulled towards the ground and a part of this branch is
covered with moist soil leaving the tip of this branch
above the ground.
– (examples: Bougainvillea, jasmine, guava)
Asexual Reproduction
 Artificial Propagation Methods
• Budding
– a bud is taken from one plant and grown on an-
other
– \(examples: fruit and nut trees)
Budding in Plants
Asexual Reproduction
 Artificial Propagation Methods
• Grafting
– the upper part (scion) of one plant grows on the
root system (rootstock) of another plant
– (examples: fruit and nut trees)
Grafting in Plants
Asexual Reproduction
 Artificial Propagation Methods
• Tissue culture
– pieces of tissues from one plant are placed on a
sterile medium
– (examples: orchids, house plants, potatoes)
Tissue Culture
Sexual Reproduction
 Flowering plants display their blooms to show
that they are ready for reproduction.

 Flowers also contain the male and female or-

gans of a plant.

 A fruit forms after successful fertilization.

Sexual Reproduction
 The seeds signify that life can begin from the
plants’ offspring, the seedling.

 Sexual reproduction happens in the sexual or-

gans of flowering plants, which are contained in
the flower.
Sexual Reproduction
 Parts of a Flower
(Male)
• Stamen – male re-
productive part
• Anther – produces
pollen that contains
male sex cells
• Filament – holds up
the anther
Sexual Reproduction
 Parts of a Flower (Female)
• Pistil – female reproductive
part
• Stigma – top part of the pistil
that traps the pollen
• Style – joins the stigma and
the ovary
• Ovary – contains the female
sex cells called ovules
Stages of Sexual Reproduction
 Pollination – refers to the transfer of pollen
grains from the anther to the stigma
Stages of Sexual Reproduction
 Fertilization
Stages of Sexual Reproduction
 Seed Dispersal (through wind, water, animal or
explosion)
Stages of Sexual Reproduction
 Germination
 forming of a new plant (plant embryo)