SCHOOL

ADMINISTRATION
MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

PROFESSOR

DR. PANGI
BALUBUGAN
MARK ANTHONY T. BUENAVISTA
DISCUSSANT
MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

DIRECTING AND LEADERSHIP IN

EDUCATION
 LEARNING TARGETS
After this lecture/discussion, you should be able to

01 02 03

Know the concept of Understand the Appreciate the

directing and its principles importance and
importance in an guiding directing qualities of a good
institution; process; and leader.
MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

DIRECTING
In the ordinary sense,
directing means giving
instructions and guiding
people in doing work.
 MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

DIRECTING
In the context of management of an
organization, directing refers to the
process of instructing, guiding,
counselling, motivating and leading
people in the organization to achieve
its objectives. You can observe here
that directing is not a mere issue of
communication but encompasses
many elements like supervision,
motivation and leadership.
 Arowwai Industries

THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF

DIRECTING

• Directing • Directing takes • Directing is a • Directing flows

initiate’s place at every continuous from top to
action level of process bottom
management
 DIRECTING INITIATE’S
Arowwai Industries
1
ACTION
A manager has to perform this function
along with planning, organizing, staffing
and controlling while discharging his
duties in the organization.

DIRECTING TAKES PLACE AT

2 EVERY LEVEL OF
MANAGEMENT
from top executive to supervisor performs
the function of directing. The directing
takes place wherever superior –
subordinate relations exist.
 3 4
DIRECTING IS A
CONTINUOUS PROCESS
It takes place throughout the life of
the organization irrespective of people
occupying managerial positions.
The managers may change but the
directing process continues
DIRECTING FLOWS FROM
TOP TO BOTTOM
Directing is first initiated at top
level and flows to the bottom
through organizational hierarchy.
It means that every manager can
direct his immediate subordinate
and take instructions from his
immediate boss
 Arowwai Industries

IMPORTANCE OF
DIRECTING
 Directing helps to initiate action by people in the
1 organization towards attainment of desired objectives.

IMPORTANCE Directing integrates employee’s efforts in the organization in such

OF 2 a way that every individual effort contributes to the organizational

DIRECTING performance.

Directing guides employees to fully realize their potential and

3 capabilities by motivating and providing effective leadership.

Directing facilitates introduction of needed changes in the

4 organization.
 DIRECTING HELPS TO INITIATE
1 ACTION BY PEOPLE IN THE
ORGANIZATION TOWARDS
ATTAINMENT OF DESIRED
OBJECTIVES.

if a supervisor guides his

subordinates and clarifies their
doubts in performing a task, it will
help the worker to achieve work
targets given to him.
 DIRECTING INTEGRATES
2 EMPLOYEE’S EFFORTS IN THE
ORGANIZATION IN SUCH A WAY
THAT EVERY INDIVIDUAL EFFORT
CONTRIBUTES TO THE
ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE.

A manager with good leadership abilities

will be in a position to convince the
employees working under him that
individual efforts and team effort will lead
to achievement of organizational goals.
 DIRECTING GUIDES EMPLOYEES TO FULLY
3 REALIZE THEIR POTENTIAL AND CAPABILITIES
BY MOTIVATING AND PROVIDING EFFECTIVE
LEADERSHIP.
A good leader can always identify the potential of his employees and
motivate them to extract work up to their full potential.
 DIRECTING
4 FACILITATES
INTRODUCTION OF
NEEDED CHANGES IN
THE ORGANIZATION.
Effective directing through
motivation, communication and
leadership helps to reduce such
resistance and develop required
cooperation in introducing changes
in the organization.
PRINCIPLES
OF
DIRECTING
 4
APPROPRIATENESS OF
DIRECTION TECHNIQUE

5 MANAGERIAL
COMMUNICATION

MAXIMUM INDIVIDUAL 6 USE OF INFORMAL

ORGANIZATION
1 CONTRIBUTION

7 LEADERSHIP
2 HARMONY OF
OBJECTIVES

3 UNITY OF COMMAND 8 FOLLOW THROUGH

 PRINCIPLES OF DIRECTING

MAXIMUM INDIVIDUAL HARMONY OF UNITY OF

CONTRIBUTION OBJECTIVES COMMAND

This principle emphasizes that directing

good directing should provide This principle insists that a
techniques must help every individual in
harmony by convincing that person in the organization
the organization to contribute to his
employee rewards and work
maximum potential for achievement of should receive instructions from
efficiency are complimentary to
organizational objectives. one superior only.
each other.
 PRINCIPLES OF DIRECTING

APPROPRIATENESS OF MANAGERIAL USE OF INFORMAL

DIRECTION TECHNIQUE COMMUNICATION ORGANIZATION
Effective managerial communication
According to this principle, appropriate A manager should realize that
across all the levels in the
motivational and leadership technique informal groups or organizations
organization makes direction
should be used while directing the exist within every formal
effective.
people based on subordinate needs, organization.
capabilities, attitudes and other
situational variables.
 PRINCIPLES OF DIRECTING
LEADERSHIP

Managers should exercise good

leadership as it can influence the
subordinates positively without causing
dissatisfaction among them.

FOLLOW THROUGH

Managers should follow it up by

reviewing continuously whether orders
are being implemented accordingly or
any problems are being encountered.
LEADERSHIP
• Leadership is the process of influencing the
behavior of people by making them strive
voluntarily towards achievement of
organizational goals.
• Leadership indicates the ability of an
individual to maintain good interpersonal
relations with followers and motivate them
to contribute for achieving organizational
objectives.
Features of
leadership
01
LEADERSHIP INDICATES ABILITY OF AN
INDIVIDUAL TO INFLUENCE OTHERS.

02
LEADERSHIP TRIES TO BRING CHANGE IN THE
BEHAVIOR OF OTHERS.

03
LEADERSHIP INDICATES INTERPERSONAL
RELATIONS BETWEEN LEADERS AND FOLLOWERS.

04
LEADERSHIP IS EXERCISED TO ACHIEVE COMMON GOALS
OF THE ORGANIZATION.

05 LEADERSHIP IS A CONTINUOUS PROCESS.

The success of an organization is
attributed to the leader, but due
credit is not given to the followers.
Many followers related factors like
– their skills, knowledge,
commitment, willingness to
cooperate, team spirit etc., make a
person an effective leader.
IMPORTANCE OF
LEADERSHIP
 IMPORTANCE OF
LEADERSHP

A LEADER NOT ONLY

COMMITS HIS FOLLOWERS TO
ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS
BUT ALSO POOLS NEEDED
1993

RESOURCES, GUIDES AND

MOTIVATES SUBORDINATES
TO REACH THE GOALS.
MSU - SK
THE IMPORTANCE LEADERSHIP INFLUENCES THE BEHAVIOR OF
OF LEADERSHIP PEOPLE AND MAKES THEM TO POSITIVELY
CAN BE DISCUSSED
CONTRIBUTE THEIR ENERGIES FOR THE BENEFIT
FROM THE
FOLLOWING
OF THE ORGANIZATION.
BENEFITS TO THE
ORGANIZATION: A LEADER MAINTAINS PERSONAL RELATIONS
AND HELPS FOLLOWERS IN FULFILLING THEIR
NEEDS.

MSU - SK
LEADER PLAYS A KEY ROLE IN INTRODUCING
REQUIRED CHANGES IN THE ORGANIZATION.
 A LEADER HANDLES
CONFLICTS EFFECTIVELY
AND DOES NOT ALLOW
ADVERSE EFFECTS
RESULTING FROM THE
CONFLICTS.
LEADER PROVIDES
TRAINING TO THEIR
SUBORDINATES. THE IMPORTANCE OF
LEADERSHIP CAN BE
DISCUSSED FROM THE
MSU - SK

FOLLOWING BENEFITS TO
THE ORGANIZATION:
Qualities of a Good Leader:
Qualities of a Good
Leader:
It assumes that leaders can be distinguished
from non-leaders by certain unique traits
possessed by them.
LEADERSHIP
Qualities of a Good Leader:

Physical Knowledge
Initiative
features Integrity

SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION
 LEADERSHIP

Qualities of a
Good Leader:

COMMUNICATION MOTIVATION SKILLS SELF CONFIDENCE

SKILLS
 Qualities of a Good Leader

Decisiveness Social skills

WE SHOULD REMEMBER THAT ALL GOOD LEADERS
MAY NOT NECESSARILY POSSESS ALL THE
QUALITIES OF A GOOD LEADER. But an understanding
about these qualities help the managers to acquire them
through training and conscious efforts.
THANK
YOU!
Have a great
day ahead.