Measurement

MEASUREMENT
NSCPS04L
Learning Outcomes
◦ Identify kinds of measurement.
◦ articulate the importance of measurement in one’s life
◦ apply measurement in everyday activities.
Contents
◦ System of Measurement
◦ - Define
◦ - Parts of measurement
◦ - System International
◦ English and Metric System
◦ 1B – Conversion of Units
◦ English system to metric system
◦ Metric system to metric system
◦ (adding prefixes to base units)
◦ 1C _ Dimensional Analysis
◦ Solving problems using the units of measurement
MEASUREMENT
What is measurement?
◦ Measurement is defined as the process of comparison of an
unknown quantity with a known or standard quantity.
In science, a measurement is a collection of

quantitative or numerical data that describes a
property of an object or event.
Parts of measurement
◦ A measurement is a quantitative observation that
consists of two parts: a number and a unit.
The number tells: the magnitude of the measurement, the

precision of the measurement. The units tells what property is
being measured, such as mass, length, temperature, velocity
etc.
SI
◦ A measurement system used worldwide in the scientific
community. SI stands for Système International d’Unités.
Similar term(s)
Système International d’Unités
International System of Units (SI)
In 1971, General Conference on Weight and Measures held
its meeting and decided as system of units for international
usage.
This system is called international system of units and
abbreviated as SI from its French name.
The SI unit consists of seven fundamental units and two
supplementary units.
Physical Quantity
◦ A physical property that can be measured and described by
a number.
Examples:
Mass of a person 65 kg
Types of physical quantities
1. Fundamental Quantities
◦ The physical quantities which do not depend on any other physical quantities
for their measurements are known as fundamental quantities and are directly
measured.
What are the 7 Fundamental Quantities?

2. Derived Quantities
The physical quantities which depend on one or more
fundamental quantities for their measurements are known as
derived quantities.
Examples:
Units for Measurement
◦ The standard used for the measurement of a physical
quantity is called a unit.
Examples:
Meter, foot for Length
Kilogram, pound for mass
Second for time
Fahrenheit for temperature
Characteristics of units
◦ Well-defined
◦ Suitable size
◦ Reproducible
◦ Invariable
◦ Indestructible
◦ Internationally accepted
Two Supplementary units
Metric System
The metric system is an internationally agreed decimal system of
measurement created in France in 1799. The International System of
Units (SI), the official system of measurement in almost every country
in the world, is based upon the metric system.
In the metric system, each basic type of measurement (length, weight, capacity)
has one basic unit of measure (meter, gram, liter). Conversions are quickly made
by multiplying or dividing by factors of 10. It is as simple as moving the decimal
point to the right (for smaller prefixes) or to the left (for larger prefixes)
English System
◦ While the metric system was lawfully accepted for use in the United
States in 1866, the US has not adopted the metric system as its "official"
system of measurement. The US English System of measurement grew
out of the manner in which people secured measurements using body parts
and familiar objects.
◦ For example, shorter ground distances were measured with the human foot
and longer distances were measured by paces, with one mile being 1,000
paces. Capacities were measured with household items such as cups, pails
(formerly called gallons) and baskets.
CGS System of Units
◦ This system was first introduced in France.
◦ It is known as Gaussian system of units.
◦ It is based on centimeter, gram and second as the
fundamental units of length, mass and time.
MKS system of units
◦ This system was also introduced in France
◦ This is also known as French system of units.
◦ It is based on meter, kilogram and second as the
fundamental units of length, mass and time.
FPS system of units
◦ This system was introduced in Britain.
◦ It is also known as British system of units.
◦ It is based on foot, pound and second as the fundamental
units of length, mass and time.
CONVERSION OF
UNITS
Unit Conversion
◦ A unit conversion is a changing of one unit to another.
◦ Metric units are the universally excepted
units around the world (except for the
US). They are the easiest to convert.
◦ Metric Unit Examples:

◦ meters
Base Units – all
◦ liters other metric
◦ grams units are based
off of these (km,
cm, ml, kg)
Metric Conversion Factors
◦ 1 km= 1000 m Knowing these conversion
◦ 100 cm= 1 m factors makes calculating
◦ 1000 mm = 1 m conversions easy!
◦ 10 mm = 1 cm
These also work for liters and
grams. Just replace the base
unit (m) with a (g) or (l).
Dimensional Analysis
◦ A mathematical way to convert one unit to
another. This works for metric units and non-
metric (English) units.
◦ This works by taking the unit you are given and

multiplying it by a conversion factor.
CLE.3231.Math.1 Graph relationships and functions between manipulated (independent) variables and responding (dependent)
variables.CLE.3231.Math.2 Solve for variables in an algebraic formula.
Example 1: Convert 3m to cm
For meters to cancel out,
3m 100 cm meters in the conversion
1m factor must be on the
opposite side of the fraction
(fence).
Given Conversion
Factor
Multiply every number on top

= 300cm of the fence and divide by the
bottom.
Example 2: Convert 1516 g to kg
1516 g 1 kg
1000 g
conversion factor

 1.516 kg
Problem 1
◦ Convert 1200 cm to m.
Problem 2
◦ Convert 5200 mL to L.
Example 3: Convert 7200mm to km
7200 mm 1 cm 1 km
10 mm 100,000 cm

= .0072 km
CLE.3231.Math.1 Graph relationships and functions between manipulated (independent) variables and responding
(dependent) variables.CLE.3231.Math.2 Solve for variables in an algebraic formula.
Problem 3
◦ Convert 3 m to mm.
Non-Metric (English) Unit Conversions
◦ Common Conversion Factors

◦ 5280 ft = 1 mile
◦ 12 in = 1 ft
English to Metric
◦ 1 mile = 1600 m
conversion factors
◦ 1 in = 2.54 cm
◦ 3 ft = 1 yard
Example 4: Convert 2 miles to ft
2 mi 5280 ft
1 mi

= 10,560 ft
Problem 4
◦ Convert 3.2 ft to inches.
Example 5: Convert 5 ft to cm
5 ft 12 in 2.54 cm
1 ft 1 in

= 152. 4 cm
Problem 5
◦ Convert 50 inches to m.
Warm-Up
Solve using Dimensional Analysis
1. Convert 45 inches to cm.
2. Convert 8 m to inches.
Warm-Up
Using Dimensional Analysis
3. Convert 10ft to cm.
4. Convert 5 km to in.
Need for measurement in Physics
◦ To understand any phenomenon in physics we have to perform experiments.
◦ Experiments require measurements, and we measure physical properties like length, mass, time,
temperature, pressure etc.
◦ Experimental verification of laws and theories also needs measurement of physical properties.

Measurement

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MEASUREMENT

In science, a measurement is a collection of

The number tells: the magnitude of the measurement, the

What are the 7 Fundamental Quantities?

◦ Metric Unit Examples:

◦ This works by taking the unit you are given and

Multiply every number on top

◦ Common Conversion Factors

1. Convert 45 inches to cm.

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