Objectives

On completion of this period you should be able to

• Define slip and slip system.

• Explain the slip systems for F.C.C., B.C.C. & H.C.P.
crystals.

1
 Recap

• Point Defect, Vacancy, Substitutional impurity and interstitial

impurity
• The relation between number of vacancies and temperature
• Dislocation.
• Edge and screw dislocation.
• Burgers vector and circuit

2
 Dislocations
• The theoretical shear stress to produce plastic deformation
in metals, 𝜏 =G /2π
• G, the shear modulus for metals is in the range of = 20 -
150 GPa yielding 𝜏 = 3 to 30 GPa
• However, actual measured values of 𝜏 = 0.5 to 10 MPa.
• This discrepancy can be explained by the presence of
dislocations in the lattice.
• Dislocations assist in plastic deformation since it is easier
to move the atoms at the dislocations core.
• The movement of dislocations produces a slip step of one
Burger vector or one interatomic distance.

3
 Dislocations
• Dislocations move in steps. The edge dislocation at P
moves to Q in steps as depicted by the red (half-plane)
and blue atoms.
• This movement is analogous to movement of a caterpillar.
• When the half-plane reaches a free surface it produces a
slip step.
• Since plastic deformation takes place by movement of
dislocations, any hindrance to their motion will increase
the strength of metals

4
5
Plastic deformation

6
 Slip
• Slip: Shear induced atomic movement on slip plane in
slip direction or it is the parallel movement of two
adjacent crystal planes relative to one another

Before Slip

After Slip

7
 Slip
• Slip is the one of the main mechanisms by which plastic
deformation takes place in a crystal.

• Shear induced atomic movement in which atoms move many

inter atomic distances with respect to their original positions.

• The parallel movement of two neighboring crystal regions

relative to each other across some plane.

MET702. 7 TO 8 8
Slip

9
10
 Slip System

• It is the combination of slip plane and slip direction such that

the direction lies in the slip plane

• Generally, the slip plane is the plane of greatest atomic

density and slip direction is the closest-packed direction in
that plane.
• The condition for a slip direction [u v w] to lie in the slip
plane (h k l) is uh + vk + wl = 0

MET702. 7 TO 8 11
Slip planes in FCC

MET702. 7 TO 8 12
Slip planes in FCC

MET702. 7 TO 8 13
Slip planes in FCC

MET702. 7 TO 8 14
 Slip planes in FCC
• Type of plane Planar density
• (100) 0.7854a
• (110) 0.555a
• (111) 0.907a

• Conclusion: slip plane = (111)

MET702. 7 TO 8 15
Slip directions in FCC

MET702. 7 TO 8 16
 Slip directions in FCC
• Type of direction linear
density
• [100] 1
• [110] 1.414
• [111] 0.577
• The value of ‘lattice parameter’ assumed equal to 1(I,e a=1)

• Conclusion: slip direction is [110]

MET702. 7 TO 8 17
 Slip systems in FCC

• Slip plane type = (111)

• Total slip planes = 4
• Type of slip direction = [110]
• No.of Slip directions on each
• Slip plane = 3
• Total no. of slip systems = 4X3
• = 12

MET702. 7 TO 8 18
Slip planes in BCC

MET702. 7 TO 8 19
Slip planes in BCC

MET702. 7 TO 8 20
Slip planes in BCC

MET702. 7 TO 8 21
 Slip planes in BCC
• Type of plane Planar density
• (100) 0.1875/r2
• (110) 0.2651/r2
• (111) 0.11/r2

• Conclusion: slip plane = (110)

MET702. 7 TO 8 22
Slip directions in BCC

MET702. 7 TO 8 23
 Slip directions in BCC
• Type of direction linear
density
• [100] 0.4330
• [110] 0.3062
• [111] 0.5000
• The value of ‘lattice parameter’ assumed equal to 1(I,e a=1)

• Conclusion: slip direction is [111]

MET702. 7 TO 8 24
 Slip systems in BCC

• Slip plane type = (110)

• Total slip planes = 6
• Type of slip direction = [111]
• No.of Slip directions on each
• Slip plane = 2
• Total no. of slip systems = 6X2
• = 12

MET702. 7 TO 8 25
MET702. 7 TO 8 26
 Slip systems in HCP

Slip Plane Type = (0001)

No. of slip planes = 1
Slip direction Type = [1120]
No. of slip directions lying
on each slip plane =3
Total No.of slip systems = 1X3
=3

MET702. 7 TO 8 27
List of Slip Systems for FCC,BCC and HCP

Crystal No. of Slip

Structure Plane Directions Systems

FCC
 
  {111} <110> 12
BCC {110} <111> 12
  {112} <111> 12
  {123} <111> 24
HCP
  {0001} <1120> 03

MET702. 7 TO 8 28
MET702. 7 TO 8 29
 Summary

We have discussed about

• slip and slip system.
• slip systems for F.C.C., B.C.C. & H.C.P. crystals

30
 Quiz

Q1) Slip system means

A) Combination of slip plane and slip direction

B) Combination of non close packed plane and

direction

C) Any plane and any direction

D) All of the above

31
 Quiz

Q2) No.of slip system in FCC

A) 12

B) 48

C) 3

D) All of the above

32
 Quiz

Q3) No.of slip system in BCC

A) 48

B) 24

C) 10

D) 3

33
 Quiz

Q4) No.of slip system in HCP

A) 3

B) 24

C) 10

D) 48

34
 Frequently Asked Questions

Q1) Define slip 1 Mark

Q2) Define slip system 1 Mark

Q3) List the slip systems for FCC, BCC and HCP crystals

5 Marks

35