Ch- 14 Electromagnetic Waves

• Light , microwaves and x-ray all are different types of

electromagnetic radiation that travel as waves and
transfer energy from one place to another.
• Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves made
up of electric and magnetic fields.
• All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed.
• In a vacuum (space) they travel at 300,000,000 m/s
• At this speed they can go around the world 8 times in
one second.
• Properties of electromagnetic waves:-
• It is transverse waves.
• They can travel through vacuum.
• They transfer energy from one place to another.
• They travel at the same speed of 3.0 x 10^8 m/s in vacuum.
• Wave speed equation is v= f. lambda v= wave speed , f= frequency of
wave , lembd.a = wavelength of the wave
• They carry no electric charge.
• They obey the law of reflection and refraction .
• They travel as vibrations in electrical and
magnetic fields.
– Have some magnetic and some electrical
properties to them.
 Uses of electromagnetic spectrum
• Radio waves:- Broadcasting communications, satellite transmissions.
• Microwaves :- Cooking communications, satellite transmissions .
• Infrared Radiation:- Cooking thermal imaging short range
communications
• optical fibers, TV remote control, security systems.
• Visible light:- Vision photography illumination.
• Ultraviolet radiation:- security marking, fluorescent detecting forged bank
notes, disinfecting water
• X-Ray :- observing the internal structure of objects, airport security
scanners, medical X-rays.
• Gamma rays:- sterilizing food and medical equipment, detection of
cancer and its treatment.