AIR CONDITIONER

REPORTERS:
DELA CRUZ, RAYMOND R.
VALERA. JEREMIE
 Table of contents
•What is air conditioning?
•What is manual air conditioning?
•Parts of Air-Conditioner
•8 Types of Air Conditioners
What is air conditioning?

Air conditioning (often referred to as AC,

A/C or air con) is a system used to cool down
the temperature in an inside space by
removing the existing heat and moisture
from the room.
Essentially, they work by taking warm air
into a system and dispersing cold air, but
there is much more to this process.
What is manual air conditioning?

Manual air conditioning gives you the

control to turn your unit on and off whenever
you feel the need. There is no waiting around
for the air conditioning to kick in as they’re
not controlled by a thermostat.
If you’d prefer your air conditioning system
to be automatic with little input needed from
you, then you’ll need an automatic air
conditioning system.
Parts of Air-Conditioner

• Compressor
• Condenser Coil
• Thermostat
• Evaporator
• Air Handler and Blowing Unit
• Expansion Valve
• Cooling coils
• Hot Air
• Cooled Air
v • Temperature Sensing Bulb
• Blower or Fan
• Indoor Air and Oudoor Air
Compressor
The compressor is responsible for moving the refrigerant between the
evaporator and condenser coils, ensuring that the refrigerant changes to gas or
liquid as needed. You can think of the compressor as the heart of the air
conditioning system and the refrigerant as the blood.

Condenser coil
The condenser coil is one of two coils in your air conditioning or heat
pump system, in which heat is removed from the refrigerant. Once the
refrigerant is pressurized and heated in the compressor, it enters the condenser
coil.

Thermostat
The thermostat displays the current indoor temperature and uses this
information to turn your HVAC system on and off. Its goal is to control the
system so that when you want a specific temperature inside your home, the
system provides a suitable amount of warm or cool air to provide this
temperature setting.
Aircon evaporator
An air conditioner's evaporator coil, also called the evaporator core, is the
part of the system where the refrigerant absorbs heat. It's where the cold air
comes from. The evaporator coil is inside or near the air handler where the
blower fan is.

Air Handler and Blowing Unit

The ac air handler is the part of an air conditioning system that circulates
air through the home. The ac air handler pulls air it in through the intake vents.
The air then passes over the cooling elements. The ac air handler then blows
the air out through the ducts and distributes it throughout the home.

Expansion Valve
The expansion valve reduces the pressure of the refrigerant fluid upstream
of the evaporator. This drop in pressure cools the fluid, it is then sprayed into
the evaporator. The expansion valve is always attached to the evaporator.
Cooling Coils
The cooling coils are a component formed by tubes of different materials
through which a fluid passes, while these have an external contact with the air
or a gas, which allows an exchange of heat.

Hot amd Cooled Air

Hot and cold air conditioners can regulate the temperature according to
your liking, both in summers and winters. The air conditioner simply reverses
its function, allowing the AC to run efficiently during winters, thus throwing
warm air in the room.

Temperature Sensing Bulb

The Temperature sensing bulb is located near the output end of the
evaporator. Therefore, when the temperature of the evaporator increases, it
increases the pressure inside the sensing bulb. Once the sensing bulb pressure
rises, it sends its refrigerant through the capillary tube into the powerhead.
Blower or Fan
Air conditioner blower or fan is one of the key components that is needed
as part of the air conditioning system. The function of the blower is to produce
air movement to the space that is being conditioned. There are basically four
types of fan that are commonly used in the HVAC equipment. They are
the propeller fan, centrifugal fan, vane-axial fan and tube-axial fan.

The Indoor And Outdoor Air

The indoor component of a split system air conditioner is usually wall-

mounted in a central living space. This piece includes the vent in which cooled
or warmed air is expelled and filters which trap dust and other foreign particles
before they enter your home. This unit is where you control your internal
climate. You can set the humidity, temperature, and fan speed. 

The outdoor component of your split system air conditioner contains the
compressor. This part of the air conditioner is responsible for heating or cooling
the air before it enters your home. It is connected to the indoor unit by a
network of pipes carrying refrigerant required to heat or cool the air-
conditioned air. 
 8 Types of Air Conditioners

• Central Air Conditioner

• Window Air Conditioner
• Smart Air Conditioner
• Ductless Mini-Split Air Conditioner
• Portable Air Conditioner
• Through-The-Wall Air Conditioner
• Geothermal Air Conditioner
• Evaporative Air Conditioner
 Central Air Conditioner
One of the most common types of air
conditioners is the central air conditioner.
This system is designed to cool the entire
home by forcing cool air through the ducts of
the home and out through vents, similar to
the way a furnace pushes heated air through
ducts and out through vents to heat the
home during colder months.

Central air conditioners are typically controlled by a thermostat and can

even be designed with smart capabilities, allowing the user to adjust the
temperature, set cooling cycles, or simply turn it on or off.

Advantages
•Cools the whole home through
the existing duct systems
•Relatively quiet indoor operation
•Can be controlled from the home
thermostat
Disadvantages
•High initial purchase and installation
cost
•The outdoor components are often
loud and unattractive
 Window Air Conditioner
Window air conditioners come in several
sizes and can even be used with remote controls
or wireless devices if they have smart system
capabilities. This type of air conditioner is ideal
for a condo or apartment that doesn't have
central air conditioning throughout the building.
Just be aware that these units can fall out of
windows if they are not installed properly,
creating a hazard for any individuals walking
underneath the unit.

These smaller devices are designed to sit in a window with the front indoors
and the back outdoors. This allows the air conditioner to release condensation
and heat outside while using a built-in fan to push cool air into the home.

Advantages
•Low initial cost
•Relatively easy installation
•Saves on floor space
Disadvantages
•Obstructs the window while the
unit is installed
•Loud operation and potential
safety hazard
 Smart Air Conditioner
A new feature that is becoming
common with many air conditioner models
is smart home or smart system
compatibility, which allows the user to
check and adjust the air conditioner settings
remotely. Simply by pulling up the
corresponding app on a phone or tablet,
you can turn the air conditioner off or on,
adjust the temperature, create a cooling
schedule, and more.

Smart features are now available on almost every type of air conditioner,
including affordable window and portable air conditioners, as well as more
expensive whole-home central air conditioners
Advantages Disadvantages
•Wide range of options with smart •Requires wireless connectivity to
system compatibility function effectively
•Features improve user convenience •Some smart air conditioner systems
and accessibility have a high price
•Can help improve energy efficiency
 Ductless Mini-Split Air Conditioner
A ductless mini-split air conditioner
consists of an outdoor condenser unit and a
compact blower that is usually mounted on
a wall inside the home. These two
components are connected by a large
conduit that carries the refrigerant lines, an
electrical line, and a drain line that empties
accumulated moisture outdoors. Not every
home an
extensive duct system that can carry cool air throughout the house. Some homes
have additions or guest rooms made after the initial heating and cooling system was
installed. You might also have areas of the home that are rarely used. If any of these
scenarios seem familiar, then a ductless mini-split air conditioner can be a great way
to cool the home without installing new ducts.
Advantages Disadvantages
•Individually controlled units •Not intended for cooling large rooms
•Helps reduce unnecessary or whole homes
energy costs •High installation price
•Saves on floor space
 Portable Air Conditioner
Portable air conditioners are a great
alternative. They are relatively inexpensive and
don't come with the same risks as a window air
conditioner. Simply set up a portable air
conditioner in an appropriate location close to a
window and an available electrical outlet. The air
conditioner has an exhaust hose that runs from
the unit to an available window in order to vent
heat to the outdoors while the built-in fan blows
cool air into the room. Most people that have
rented an apartment or lived in a condo know that it can be difficult to maintain
optimal heating and cooling conditions indoors, especially if the building does not
have a central air conditioning system. Window air conditioners are a good option,
but depending on the building management, you might be required to have the unit
professionally installed, which can increase the price.
Advantages
•Cost-effective option Disadvantages
•Great for apartments, condos, and •Takes up floor space in the home
small homes •Very noisy during operation
•Easy to set up
 Through-The-Wall Air Conditioner
Similar to a mini-split air conditioner,
through-the-wall air conditioners are
designed for cooling small rooms or isolated
parts of the home without relying on ducts.
The main difference is that through-the-wall
air conditioners connect directly to the
outdoor unit instead of connecting through
the electrical and refrigerant lines. These
units are also known
as floor-mounted air conditioners, though this term is often misleading because they
are installed through the wall of the home. The reason for this term is that these
units are usually located at the bottom of the wall, near the floor. Through-the-wall
air conditioners are not as popular as other air conditioner types because you need
to cut a hole in the wall the size of the entire unit instead of simply running a conduit
outdoors.
Advantages Disadvantages
•Low mounting location improves •Large hole in the wall is required for
accessibility installation
•Relatively quiet indoor operation •Obstacles like furniture can block
•Saves space with wall-mounted airflow
design
 Geothermal Air Conditioner
Geothermal systems work by circulating water down
into the ground. In the winter, the cold water from the home
absorbs heat from the soil deep underground, at a depth of
about 10 feet. The heat is then carried back into the home
where the heat pump uses a compressor to increase the
temperature before releasing heated air into the home.
During the summer months, the water carries heat out of the
home and releases it deep into the soil, allowing the ground
to serve as a heat sink.

A geothermal air conditioner is an alternative to a central air conditioner. This

innovative system moves cool air through the home's existing ducts, forcing cool
air out through the vents in order to reduce the temperature of the entire home.
It can also provide heat to the home during colder months and typically has a
lower energy cost than a standard furnace or central air conditioning system. 
Advantages Disadvantages
•Cools the whole home through the existing •High initial purchase and installation
duct systems cost
•High efficiency keeps cooling costs down •Not suitable for apartments, condos,
•Longer lifespan than other cooling systems or homes with limited yard space
 Evaporative Air Conditioner
These systems blow warm air across buckets
of ice or through water-moistened pads. The
temperature of the water or ice cools the air
as it is blown into the home. However, a
primary drawback of these devices is that
they only function effectively with cold
water or ice, which means portable units
need to be monitored and regularly refilled.
Additionally, evaporative air conditioners
increase the humidity in the home, so if high
humidity is an ongoing problem, these
devices are not the right choice. As opposed
to typical air conditioners that use refrigerant to cool the air, evaporative air
conditioners rely on water or ice to cool the air.
Advantages Disadvantages
•Available as portable or whole-home units •Available as portable or whole-
•Doesn't rely on harmful chemicals, like home units
freon, for cooling •Doesn't rely on harmful chemicals,
•Increases humidity to help improve dry, like freon, for cooling
arid conditions •Increases humidity to help
improve dry, arid conditions
 End of report
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