The Filipino revolts

again spain
Causes of Revolts against spain:
1.Our Love for freedom and independence.
2. Abuses of Spanish encomenderos.
3. Tribute (residence tax).
4. Forced labor(polp)
5. Land Grabbing by the friars
6. Basi wine Monopoly
8. Religion
 
Filipino Revolt
*Over 3 centuries of Spanish
colonization, Filipinos had risen more
than 100 revolts to regain their lost
freedom or in defense of their God-given
natural rights.
Examples of revolts:
 Dagohoy’s Revolt(1744-1829)
*The revolt of Francisco Dagohoy in Bohol.
*Was the longest revolt in the Philippines history.
*It lasted for 85 years.
*Dagohoy’s brother was killed in a duel with a rebel.
* The Catholic priest, Father Morales refused to give him a christial burial
*Dagohoy got angry and led his people in a revolt. They killed 2 priests in the Island.
*20 Spanish Governor Generals failed to stop this rebellion.
*1827 – Gov. Manuel Ricafort ordered 2,200 Filipino-spanish troops to attack the
Bohol patriots. But failed.
*1828-1829 – another attack was made. After years of fighting the patrioits were
finally defeated.
*Dagohoy died 2 yrs. Before the Filipino Patriots were defeated.
*19,000 survivors were pardoned and allowed to live in a new villages.( Batuan,
Bililihan, Cabulao, Catigoian, Vilar.
 Silang’s Revolt (1762-1763)
*Diego Silang and his wife Gabriela Silang led this famous revolt in
Ilocos.
*December 14, 1762 – Diego Silang proclaimed the independence
of his people and made Vigan the capital of free ilocos.
*May 28, 1763 – D. Silang was killed by an assassin.
*Miguel Vicos – the assassin who shoot Silang in his back.
*D. Silang died in the arms of his wife Gabriela.
 Gabriela Silang – continued the revolt.
- She won many battles. She was called “Joan of Arc of the Ilocos”
- But Gabriela was defeated and executed at Vigan on September
10, 1763.
 Sumuroy’s Revolt (1649-1650)
*Visayan alcaldes mayor ordered to sent men to work in the
Cavite naval shipyards. The visayan men hated this order because they
don’t want to leave their homes and families.
Sumuroy – a native of palapag, samar led them in an armed revolt.
* sumuroy hated the system of POLO (forced labor)
* sumuroy and his men set up a free government in the
mountains of Samar.
June 1,1649 - he and his men killed their priest because on those
days Spanish priest was really like the government.
July, 1650 – government troops attacked Sumuroy’s camp/ Sumuroy
was caught alive and executed.
 Agrarian Revolt (1745-1746)
*Filipino landowners in Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite,
and Laguna revolted against Spanish rule.
- their revolt was due the land grabbing by
Spaniards who took over their ancestrals lands.
Lian and Nasugbu
– the first spark of revolt.
- the Filipinos in this towns demanded the return
of their land occupied by the Spanish priest. The
Filipinos burned the local churches, looted the
convents, ruined the ranches of the priest.
After some battles, the leaders were shot and exiled.
Others were pardoned after they surrendered.
*King Philip IV ordered the priest to return the stolen
land to the Filipinos. But the Spanish priest appealed
the case and later won.
*During American Era – American authorities bought
the friar lands owned by religious orders. The land
were subdivided and sold to Filipino farmers.
 The Basi Revolt (1807)
*This was the most unusual revolt in the Philippine history. It
was all about the love for a homemade wine from sugarcane
called basi.
*1786 – the Spanish gov’t took over the making and sale of
wine. They banned people from making wines. The Filipinos
hated this order.
*September 16, 1807 – the ilocanos Piddig, Ilocos Norte rose

in armed revolt.
*September 28, 1807 – the rebels were defeated by Superior
Spanish Power. Many lives were unfortunately lost, all because
of the love for drinking wine.
The Religious Revolt of Hermano Pule (1840-1841)
Apolinario de la Cruz (Hermano Pule)
- From Barrio Pandak, Lukban, Tayabas(Quezon).Apolinario
started his own religion in Lucban, it was called the Cofradia
de San Jose (Confraternity of St. Joseph).
- But the Spanish officials did not allow any other religion. So
they, banned his religion.
- Thousands of Filipinos in Tayabas, Laguna, Batangas, and
Manila had already joined it.
- So the Spanish officials sent troops to break up the group.
But Hermano and his followers took up arms and protect
themselves.
October 1841 – at the Alitao, near Mt. Cristobal the gov’t troops
attacked their camp and killed many followers including old, women
and children.
November 4,1841
- Hermano Pule was executed in Tayabas. But this war not the
end of the story. Many Filipinos soldiers secretly planned to take
revenge on the hated Spaniards.
January 20, 1843 – the tayabas regiment at Malate rose in
mutiny. They were led by Sergeant Irrineo Samaniego.
- The loyalist troops defeated the rebels after a bloody combat.
Srg. Samaniego and 81 followers were shot at the Luneta at
sunset on January 21, 1843.
 Historical Values:
“United we stand, divided we
fall”
If officials abuse their powers
and oppress people. They will
fall from power.
 The Propaganda
Movement and the
Katipunan.
How did it start?
*19 century -Filipinos campaigned for
th

reforms in the colony led by Filipino thinkers

and writers like Dr. Jose Rizal.
*The Propaganda Movement in Spain and
Philippines failed. Katipunan was started by
Bonifacio and other patriots to make the
Philippines free through a revolution.
 
 *Nationalism – devotion to one’s country, or
fighting for its independence.
Causes of Nationalism:
1.) New ideas from abroad about the freedom and
the rights of men.
2.) Opening of the Suez Canal.
3.) Race prejudice against Filipino Priests.
4.) The Spanish Revolution of 1868.
5.) Martyrdom of Gom – Bur – Za
The Propaganda Movement (1872 – 1892)
*This crusade reforms was done by means of pen and tongue to
pressure the Spanish Government.
 *The propagandists from the best, brightest, and riches families in the
Philippines publishes articles for their crusade for reforms in La
Solidaridad.
La Solidaridad – was founded by Graciano Lopez Jaena, its first
editor. The greatest orator of the Propanganda Movement. The official
organ/ magazine of the Propaganda Movement. The first issue was
published in Barcelona, Spain (February 15, 1889).Moved to Madrid in
November, 1889. The next editor became Marcelo H. Del Pilar. It ended
for lack of funds on November 15,1895.
 KKK (Kataas – taasan Kagalang – galangang
Katipunan ng mga anak ng Bayan)
(Highest and Most Respectable Society of
the Sons of the People)
Aims:
*To unite the Filipinos into one solid
nation.
*To fight for Philippine Independence
from Spain.
LA LIGA FILIPINA
- Unus instar Omnium (One like All)
- Founded by Jose Rizal
- July 03, 1892 at Ilaya Street in Tondo
- The Constitution was written in Hong
Kong with the help of Jose Ma. Basa.
Rizal and the La Liga Filipina (Philippine League)
- A political association of patriotic Filipinos founded by Rizal to
crusade for reforms.
Dr. Jose Rizal – the greatest novelist of the movement.
*Dr. Rizal wrote:
*Noli Me Tangere (1887)
*El Filibusterismo (1891)
*Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Farewell)
Bonifacio and the Katipunan
*After Rizal’s death, Andres Bonifacio founded a secret
revolutionary society (KKK) on July 7, 1892 for Filipinos to fight
for freedom.
Katipunan Government
*Bonifacio and others wanted the Katipunan to replace the
Spanish Government in the Philippines.
*Two constitutions: 1892 and 1894
*Supreme Council (Kataastaasang Sanggunian) was the
central government, with a president, a fiscal, a secretary, a
treasurer, and a comptroller.
*Deodao Arellano was the first president of the Katipunan.
*Andres Bonifacio replaced him in 1895 which changed the
title president changed to Supremo.
 
 Members of the Katipunan
*1896-20,000 members.
*Famous Katipuneros include Bonifacio, Arellano, Emilio
Jacinto (Brains of the Katipunan), Dr. Pio Valenzuela, Valentin
Diaz, etc.
*Women joined the Katipunan and served as guards of the
documents of the society.

Secret initiation of the Katipunan

*Candidate for membership was first blindfolded and
entered a secret room. He had to pass tests and a blood
compact will be done afterwards.
Katipunan Literature
*Three writers of the Katipunan were:
1.)Andres Bonifacio – wrote Decalogue of the
Katipunan ( a collection of wise sayings for
Katipunaneros and Pag-ibig sa tinubuang Lupa(Love for
Country).
2. Emilio Jacinto – wrote the Kartilla (collection of
teachings of Katipunan) and A La Patria.
3.) Dr. Pio Valenzuela – helped Bonifacio and jacinto to
edit the Katipunan newspaper (Kalayaan) and wrote
an essay Catwiran (Is it fair?)
Discovery of the Katipunan
*Teodoro Patino
-one of the Katipuneros, revealed the secrets of the Katipunan to Father Gil
which led to its discovery because of his fear.
*Many Filipinos were arrested but many Katipuneros also escaped including
Bonifacio.
 
Historical Values
*The Filipinos can only solver their problems if they are united.
*The Filipinos love freedom and hate tyranny.
*Filipinos spoke out against the cruel treatment of our people.
*We must remember and honor these heroes and heroines who fought for
our rights during the Spanish Era.
*A violent revolution does not end a nation’s problem as foreseen by Dr. Jose
Rizal.