Theories on the Origin

of the Universe
Learning Goals:

1. Identify the different theories in the formation of

universe
2. Identify scientists to which these theories are attributed.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Try this out!!!
1.Bigbang
gibganb – sometimes an explosion, sometimes a
theory.
2.Galaxy
yxalga – sometimes Samsung, sometimes a
group of stars
3. Universe
serevinu – sometimes Pia Wurtzbach,
sometimes all of space and everything in it.
4. Multiverse
tilumserve – partly multiple, partly universe
Cosmos– sometimes a flower, sometimes an
5. socsmo
orderly harmoniuos, systematic universe.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Keep in mind!
1. Bigbang – the most widely accepted theory of
the origin of the universe.
2. Galaxy – a group of star clusters composing the
universe
3. Universe –all of space and everything in it
including the solar system.
4. Multiverse – multiple universe theory
5. Cosmos – a term used for an orderly
harmoniuos, systematic universe.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Category of Theories of the
Universe

1. Religious Theories
2. Ancient Greeks
3. Modern Theories

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Religious Cosmology
1. Biblical Theory (Story of
Creation)
This is a theory narrated in
the book of Genesis,
describing how God
separated light from darkness,
created the sky, land, sea,
moon, stars, and every living
creature in a span of six days.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Religious Cosmology
2. Hindu Belief (Rigveda)
The Hindu text Rigveda
describes the universe as
an oscillating universe from
which a “cosmic egg” or
Brahmanda, containing the
whole universe is
expanding out of a single
concentrated point called
Bindu.
Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO
 Ancient Greek Cosmology
1. Primordial Universe Theory (Anaxagoras)
It states that the universe was once a
primordial mixture of infinite small
fragments of themselves. These were later
swirled by a “nous” or mind, and formed its
feature as seen today

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Ancient Greek Cosmology
2. Atomic Universe Theory
This was proposed by Leucippus
and Democritus. This theory
states that the universe is made
up of tiny, indestructible,
indivisible atoms. All objects in
the universe are composed of
atoms.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Naturalist’s Point of View
• The Stoic philosophers (Naturalists) of ancient
Greece believe that the universe is like a giant
body - a single interconnected unit in which
what happens to one part affects the others.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Modern Cosmology
1. Static Infinite Universe Theory
This theory was introduced by Isaac Newton
in his book Principia. He described the matters
in universe as uniformly distributed and
gravitationally balanced but essentially
unstable.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Modern Cosmology
2. Steady-state Theory
This theory predicts that the universe is
expanding but is not changing its density. Matter
was inserted to the universe as it expanded to
maintain its density.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Modern Cosmology
Several Models Proposed for Steady Infinite Universe
1. Gravitational Effects Model (Rene Descartes)
He proposed that the vacuum of space was not empty
at all but filled with matter that swirled around in large
and small vortices.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Modern Cosmology
3. Big Bang Theory and Oscillating Universe
This theory describes the universe as originating
from an infinitely tiny, infinitely dense point
between 13 to 14 Billion years ago.
This theory was first introduced by Belgian priest
and physicist George HJE Lemaitre in his
“Hypothesis of Primeval Atom or cosmic egg.”
However, it was only until Edwin Hubble
demonstrated that the universe is constantly
expanding that this theory was mainstreamed.
Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO
 Modern Cosmology
Oscillating Universe is Albert Einstein’s view of the
universe. He believes that bigbang will be followed
by big crunch

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Modern Cosmology
Bigbang is NOT an explosion!
it is a RAPID EXPANSION.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Modern Cosmology
3.1 Big Crunch (Oscillating Universe Model)
This model suggests that the Big Bang is a
perpetual cycle of which will eventually be
followed by a Big Crunch, due to the pull of
gravity.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

 Modern Cosmology
4. Chaotic Inflation Theory
this theory sees our universe as one of the
many “bubbles” that grew as a part of a
Multiverse.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO

Quiz Time
Direction: write the letter of correct answer on
your paper.

1. This a study in science which views the universe

as harmonious and systematic.
a. Astrology c. astronomy
b. cosmology d. geology

2. This is a belief that our universe is just one of

the many universe in the vast space.
c. unliverse b. manyversec. multiverse
d. None of these
3. According to the sacred Hindu text, the
universe expanded from a “cosmic egg.”
what do they call this cosmic egg
a. Bindu b. nous c. matter
d.Brahmanda

4. Both the Biblical and the Bigbang theory

suggests that the very first thing that
happened in the formation of the universe is
production of _______.
a. Life b. sound c. light d. explosion
5. In the Atomic Universe theory, it is
believed that the objects in the universe are
made up of atoms which are tiny and
indivisible. This is coined from the greek
word _____.
a. Atomus b. atomii c. atmus d. atus
6. According to the Primordial Universe theory,
the universe is a “primordial mixture of small
infinite fragments of themselves.” Based on
this, where did the components of the universe
came from?
a. From outside this universe
b. Already available in space
c. They were from stardust
d. From the cosmic egg
7. Isaac Newton believed in a static infinite
universe where everything is evenly
distributed, and gravitationally balanced. What
does this theory suggests about the universe?
a. The universe is oscillating
b. The universe is expanding
c. The universe is contracting
d. The universe is the same volume as before.
8. The steady state theory suggests that the
universe is continously expanding, and matter is
inserted to it to maintain its density. What will
happen if the universe expands and matter is
NOT inserted to it?
a. The volume will increase and density will
decrease
b. The mass will increase an density will increase
c. The volume will increase and the density
remains the same.
d. None of these.
9. Bigbang is the most commonly accepted
theory f the origin of the universe, which is
believed to have happened 13 Billion years ago.
How has bigbang occurred?
a. Through an explosion
b. Through combustion
c. Through oscillation
d. Through rapid expansion
10. The Big crunch is believed to follow bigbang
when the universe reaches its maximum
expansion. Series of bigbang and big crunch
gave way to a new model of the universe which
is called ________
a. Expanding universe
b. Contracting universe
c. Oscillating universe
d. Chaotic universe
11. Who coined the term “atom” and is
one of the proponents of atomic
universe?
12. Who believed in the oscillating
universe?
13. Who observed the Red Shift
Phenomena?
14-15. explain briefly how the Red Shift
Phenomena has proven that the universe
is expanding.

16-20. differentiate Static infinite Universe

theory, Steady state theory, and Big bang
theory.