Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery.

1
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 2
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 3
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 • Response surface methodology (RSM) is a collection of techniques for
application where
• A response of interest is influenced by several variables
• The objective is to optimize this response

• General approach was developed in early 1950s and applied in the

chemical industry
• Has found application in settings such as semiconductor and
electronics manufacturing, machining, metal cutting, and joining
processes

Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 4

Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 5
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 6
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 7
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 8
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 9
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 10
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 11
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 12
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 13
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 14
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 …
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 15
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Table 13-2 continued

Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 16

Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 17
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 18
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 19
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Central Composite Design (CCD)

Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 20

Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Rotatable CCD

Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 21

Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 22
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Robust Parameter Design (RPD) Problem – Taguchi

• In early 1980s, Taguchi introduce an approach to solving the robust parameter

design (RPD) problem, classifying process variables as
• Control (or controllable) variables and
• Noise (or uncontrollable) variables

• Made use of highly fractionated factorial designs and other types of fractional
designs obtained from orthogonal arrays, where `an orthogonal design for
controllable factors is “crossed” with a separate orthogonal design for noise factors
(see Table 13-3)

• Data are summarized for analysis as two statistics

1. The average of each observation in the inner array across all runs in the outer
array, and
2. Signal-to-noise ratios

• Taguchi design strategy leads to very large experiment (72 runs in Table 13-3)
• However while controllable factor  noise factor interactions can be estimated
(see Figure 13-11), do not obtain any information on interactions between
controllable variables
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 23
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In Table 13-3:
• Panel (a) contains four controllable factors, each at three levels, and is
referred to as the inner array design
• Panel (b) contains three uncontrollable factors, each at two levels, and
is referred to as the outer array design

Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 24

Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 25
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 26
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 27
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 28
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 29
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 30
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 31
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 32
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 33
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 34
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 35
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 36
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 37
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 38
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 39
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 40
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 41
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 42
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 43
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 • Other process monitoring techniques can be used in situations where a
strong relationship exists between the controllable variable(s) and
observed response variable

• Box (1957) proposed evolutionary operation (EVOP) as an operating

procedure for continuous operation and monitoring of a process
• Goal is to move operating conditions toward the optimum or
following a “drift”

• EVOP consists of systematically introducing small changes in the

levels of the process operating variables
• Changes are assumed to be small enough so that serious
disturbances in product quality will not occur,
• Yet large enough so that potential improvements in process
performance will be eventually discovered

Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 44

Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 45
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 46
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 47
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 48
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 49
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 50
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 51
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 52
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 53
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 54
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 55
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 13 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery. 56
Copyright (c) 2005  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.