• IMRaD Format

• The sections of the

Introduction
A. Background of the Study
B. Research Objective

We discuss about…
C. Hypothesis
D. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
E. Significance of the Study
F. Scope and Limitation
G. RRL Summary of the Lesson
H. Definition of Terms

TREY
research
Lesson 5 -
Methods
Inquiries, Investigations, & Immersion
Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

 recall the section of the Methods
 revise and propose your methods
 create and submit methods of your study
 Methods
II. Methods
A. Research Design
B. Research Locale
C. Population and Sample
D. Research Instrument
E. Data Collection
F. Statistical Tools
G. Ethical Considerations
 Methods

◦ Chapter 2 is designated for the research methods. This

is the portion in your research manuscript in which
you, researcher, will discuss the research design to be
used, respondents, research environment, data
gathering tool, and data analysis tool/s. This chapter
basically consists of the important details as to how
your study will be conducted.
 Research Design
◦ Research design is the overall plan for connecting
the conceptual research problems with the
pertinent (and achievable) empirical research
(Boru, 2018). The research design that will be used
the study must be discussed in this portion.
Appropriate justification must beincluded.
Likewise, you may include the process of the
diagrams/illustrations, showing chosen research
design.
 Research Design
◦ Identify the research design you are using. For this
subject, it is given that your design would be Mixed
Methods. Write a 3-5 sentences definition of Mixed
Methods with citation. Now, identify the type of Mixed
Methods design you are going to utilize: Explanatory
Sequential, Exploratory sequential or Convergent
Parallel. Write another 3-5 sentences definition of the
type with citation.
 Respondents
◦ Since the study is mixed method, there will be two sets of
respondents for the study. In this part, you must specify who are
your respondents, how many respondents will be included, and how
will they be selected. Basically, if the population is large, there is a
need to compute for the acceptable number of samples by using
Slovin’s or Calmorin’s formula. It must be followed by the
sampling technique to employ in selecting the respondents.
Moreover, justification must be highlighted as to why the specific
population is considered suitable for your research.
 Respondents
◦ Identify who are your research participants for your
quantitative and qualitative data gathering. You may
use certain statistical tools in choosing the appropriate
number of respondents you need for each part. The
respondents for the qualitative method may be part of
the quantitative method.
 Research Environment
◦ This is the part where the environment where the study be
conducted must be described. It is also important to state
the exact location and attach a map if possible.
◦ Identify the place where you are going to conduct the
study. Provide a 1 paragraph description which may
include brief history of the place. Provide citations if
necessary.
 Data Gathering Tool
◦ Data gathering tool refers to the research instruments to use. Since
the study is mixed method, it is expected that there will be two sets
of research instruments (first set for quantitative and another
instrument for qualitative). You must describe each instrument in
this portion. Make sure to include and specify what variable/s each
research instrument measures. If the instrument/tool is adopted,
there is no need to conduct validity and reliability test. However, if
it is researcher-made, the said tests must be performed. The result
of the test must also be included in the discussion of data gathering
tool.
 Data Gathering Tool
•You have to identify the research tools you are going to use in order
to gather data. For the quantitative part, the usual tools are survey
questionnaire, likert scale, performance rating, grades etc. For the
qualitative part, the usual tools are interview guides, observation
sheet, anecdotal records, etc. Remember, if you are going to use
researcher-made instruments, you have to have the validity checked
by a statistician.
•If you are going to use scales or ratings for your quantitative
instrument. Place the measurements in this section as well. The
questionnaires and interview guides must be in the appendix section.
 Data Gathering Procedure
◦ For this part, you will have to narrate the steps you are going
to do to be able to conduct your research. This includes asking
for permission from institutions, administrations, and
respondents. This will also include the schedule and time
duration needed to accomplish the data gathering procedure.
 Data Gathering Procedure
◦ Narrate the steps you are going to take in order to
gather data. You will have to start with gaining
permissions from administration. Mention the names of
administration, their position and the institutions.
Second, you will have to ask the permission of the
respondents. The latter part will be on how you will set
up the meeting or appointment for your respondents.
The letters should be found in the appendix section.
 Data Analysis Tool
◦ The most important thing to consider in deciding on the data
analysis tool to employ is the research questions. Researchers
must make sure that the data analysis tool is appropriate so it
will yield answers to the research questions. For quantitative
phase, statistical tools (descriptive statistics or inferential
statistics) will be used. On the other hand, the commonly used
data analysis tool for qualitative phase is thematic analysis.
Thematic analysis is finding the patterns or similarities in the
respondents’ answers and then categorizing them by themes.
 Ethical Considerations
◦ It is wise to put an ethical considerations section in
your paper. Although it is not necessary for most
research types, if your research is controversial in
nature and involves heavy disclosure of respondents’
answer, then you should indicate ethical considerations.
Such is the case for Exploratory Sequential and
Convergent Parallel mixed methods.
 Methods

A. Research Design (1-2 paragraphs)

B. Research Locale (1-2 paragraphs)
C. Population and Sample
D. Research Instrument
E. Data Collection
F. Statistical Tools
G. Ethical Considerations