HOW TO BETTER

UNDERSTAND
SOCIETY AS A
MEMBER?
We are not in the position to judge
but to understand.
 OBECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

✓ Understands how individuals learn culture is a factor of becoming

competent members of society as manifested by the set of norms
and patterns of behavior.
✓ Identify norms and values to be observed in interacting with others
in society, and the consequences of ignoring these rules.
✓ Assess the rules of social interaction to maintain stability of
everyday life.
✓ Analyze aspects, forms and functions of social organization.
✓ Explain the context, content, processes, and consequences of
socialization.

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3
Process Questions:
1. Why is it important to understand the
interconnectedness of anthropology,
sociology and political science?
2. What is the right response in the
variations of culture, social differences
and political identities in a given society?
3. How does cultural understanding
help us behave in a society?
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Expound Me Please!

5
“ AGREE
OR
DISGAREE?

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Statement 1:

Social groups are

defined by
boundaries. 7
Statement 2:

Group conformity is
very high in large
groups.
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Statement 3:

Our social group can

provide a motivation
to violate cultural
norms.
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Statement 3:

Our social group can

provide a motivation to
violate cultural norms.
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Statement 4:

Individual’s thoughts,
feelings and behavior are
shaped in accordance to
his/her social group.

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Statement 5:

People tend to hold

negative attitudes
towards members of their
own groups than with the
others.
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Understanding
Society Through Its
Organization and
Membership
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 Understanding Society Through Its
Organization and Membership
By birth, we become an
official member of the
society.

But to be a functional member

of the society, we need to have
a meaningful interaction with
social structures and
institutions. 14
 Importance of SOCIALIZATION
Socialization continues to be an important part of
human development. It is an instrument of how
an individual will adapt to his existing
environment in order to survive.

The process of socialization enables the

individual to grow and function socially
(Medina, 1991).

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 Agents of Socialization
Socialization will not take place without the
agents of socialization.
Serves as “the looking glass” or the “social
mirror”.
An essential link between individuals and the
society.
Process of becoming human.

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Agents of Socialization

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 ENCULTURATION AND
SOCIALIZATION
ENCULTURATION: Learning One's Culture

The very first familiarization of cultural knowledge and

traits necessary for survival and becoming a fully

functional member of the society.

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ENCULTURATION AND
SOCIALIZATION WHAT
ARE IT’S END RESULTS?

These end results of

Enculturation and
Socialization will
tremendously decides how
we appropriate our
behavior in social
interactions. 20
 OBEY: CONFORMITY DISOBEY: DEVIANCE

Behavior in accordance to what is socially

Behavior that violates social norms and
acceptable or desirable as per conventions or
arouses negative social reactions.
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standards.
 Oftentimes, there is a mismatch between cultural goals
and personal goals and the means of achieving such
goals.
Thus, resulting to ANOMIE.

A state where society fails to exercise adequate

regulation or constraint over goals and desires of its

individual member (Durkheim, 1951).

SOCIAL CONTROL

Refers to the mechanism of how society tries to

prevent and sanction behavior that violates

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norms.
Note: + signifies acceptance; – signifies rejection; and ± signifies

rejection of prevailing goal or means and A substitution of new goal or

means.

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FORMS OF DEVIANCE
MERTON’S TYPOLOGY OF DEVIANCE

• Conformity involves the acceptance of the cultural

goals and means of attaining those goals.
• Innovation involves the acceptance of the goals of
a culture but the rejection of the traditional and/or
legitimate means of attaining those goals.
• Ritualism involves the rejection of cultural goals but
the routinized acceptance of the means for achieving
the goals.

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FORMS OF DEVIANCE
MERTON’S TYPOLOGY OF DEVIANCE

• Retreatism involves the rejection of both the

cultural goals and the traditional means of
achieving those goals.
• Rebellion is a special case wherein the individual
rejects both the cultural goals and traditional
means of achieving them but actively attempts to
replace both elements of the society with
different goals and means.

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TYPES OF SOCIAL
CONTROL
1
LABEL

2
GOSSIP

SOCIAL
3
OSTRACISM

4 LAWS

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SOCIAL CONTROL
1
LABEL

is an abstract concept in sociology used to

group people together based on perceived
or held identity.
2
GOSSIP

casual or unconstrained conversation or
reports about other people, typically
involving details that are not confirmed as
being true. 27
SOCIAL CONTROL
SOCIAL
3
OSTRACISM

the act of ignoring and excluding, is a universally applied

tactic of social control or the action of intentionally not
including someone in a social group or activity.

4 LAWS

the system of rules which a particular country or

community recognizes as regulating the actions of its
members and which it may enforce by
the imposition of penalties. 28
 Human Dignity, Rights and
the Common Good
HUMAN RIGHTS are natural rights of all human beings
whatever their nationality, religion, ethnicity, sex, language
and color.

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TYPES OF HUMAN RIGHTS
✓ NATURAL RIGHTS
These are rights inherent to man and given to him by God
as human beings.

✓ STATUTORY RIGHTS
These are rights provided by the law-making body of a country or by
law.

✓ CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS

These are the rights guaranteed under the fundamental charter of

the country.
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TYPES OF HUMAN RIGHTS
✓ CIVIL RIGHTS
These are rights provided by the Bill of Rights.

✓ ECONOMIC RIGHTS
These are rights to property, whether personal or real, or intellectual.

✓ POLITICAL RIGHTS

These are rights an individual enjoys as a consequence of being a

member of a body politic.
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 HOW TO BECOME A
MEMBER OF SOCIETY?
The learning of culture starts at home being the basic

unity of society and the very foundation of becoming a

member of the society (enculturation). Such learning

extends to learning the culture of others through

education and social interaction (socialization). Society

devised certain mechanism of control to maximize

conformity and minimize deviance so that others' dignity

and rights are not violated.

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ADELANTE
!
Prepared by:

Ms. Sheena Mae Osabel

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