Unit 6 - Balanced Three Phase System

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
DFE 2113
UNIT 6 : BALANCED
THREE PHASE SYSTEM
DEPARTMENT OF DATA TRANSMISSION & NETWORK

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113 KKTMB
WHAT WILL YOU LEARN TODAY???
• 6.1 Advantages of Three Phase System

• 6.2 Generation of Single Phase
• 6.3 Generation of Two Phase Winding
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

LEARNING OUTCOMES
After completing this lesson student should be able to:

• List the advantages of three phase system.
• Explain on how the single and two phase e.m.f’s are
generated.

INTRODUCTION
• In Malaysia, as in most part of the world,

electric bulk power generation, transmission
and distribution are usually accomplished
with three phase systems. Homes and
small establishments are wired for single
phase system.

INTRODUCTION
• In a single phase system, it has a

single winding
• a two phase system has two windings
displaced by 90 o
• and three phase system consists of
three identical windings displaced by
120 o to each other.
INTRODUCTION
• This unit briefly described the emf

generation of a single phase , two
phase and three phase system. Then
the principles associated with the three
phase systems, including two methods
of connection, delta and star will be
dealt in detail.

INTRODUCTION
• The relationship between line and

phase currents and voltages for both
connections will be shown. Finally, the
calculation and measurement of power
will be introduced. In this module, we
will study balanced load only.

6.1 ADVANTAGES OF THREE PHASE
SYSTEM
1) Three phase motors, generators and transformers are simpler,

cheaper and more efficient. For a given capacity, the size of
copper wire required to carry current is reduced with three phase
as compared to single phase.
2) Three phase transmission lines can deliver more power for a

given weight and cost.
3) The voltage regulation of 3-phase transmission is inherently

better.
4) Power produced by a single phase system is pulsating in nature, a

3-phase system can deliver a steady, constant supply of power.
6.2 GENERATION OF SINGLE PHASE
WINDING
N S
a’
Figure 6.1: Generation of single phase e.m.f
e Emf in aa’
0 90o 180o 270o 360o q
Figure 6.2: Waveform of single phase e.m.f

Generating a 1-phase Sine Wave
N Motion is parallel to the flux.

No voltage is induced.

S
x
N Motion is 45° to flux.

Induced voltage is 0.707 of maximum.

S
x
N Motion is perpendicular to flux.

Induced voltage is maximum.

S
x


N Motion is parallel to flux.


S
x
Motion is 45° to flux.

N Notice current in the conductor has
reversed.

S
x
N Motion is perpendicular to flux.

Induced voltage is maximum.

S
x


N Motion is parallel to flux.

Ready to produce another cycle.
6.3 GENERATION OF TWO PHASE WINDING
a b
b’ b a a’
N S N S
a’ b’
Figure 6.3: Generation of two phase e.m.f
e Emf in aa’ Emf in bb’
0 90o 180o 270o 360o q
Figure 6.4: Waveform of a two phase emf

90° 90° 90°
S
x
N 180° 180°

90° 90° 90°
S
x
N 180° 180°

90° 90° 90°
S
x
N 180° 180°

90° 90° 90°
S
x
N 180° 180°

90° 90° 90°
S
x
N 180° 180°

WHAT HAVE YOU LEARN JUST NOW???
• 6.1 Advantages of Three Phase System

• 6.2 Generation of Single Phase
• 6.3 Generation of Two Phase Winding

WHAT NEXT???
• 6.4 Generation of Three Phase Winding

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
DFE 2113
UNIT 6 : BALANCED
THREE PHASE SYSTEM
DEPARTMENT OF DATA TRANSMISSION & NETWORK

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113 KKTMB
WHAT WILL YOU LEARN TODAY???
6.4 Generation Of Three Phase Winding

LEARNING OUTCOMES
After completing this lesson student should be able to:

• Explain on how the three phase e.m.f’s are generated.

6.4 GENERATION OF THREE PHASE WINDING
a
b’ c’
N S
c b
a’
Figure 6.5: Generation of three phase e.m.f
e Emf in aa’ Emf in bb’ Emf in cc’
0 90o 180o 270o 360o q
Figure 6.6: Waveform of a three phase emf

60° 120° 120°
S
x x
N 120° 120° 120°

240°
60° 120° 120°
S
x x
N 120° 120° 120°

240°
60° 120° 120°
S
x x
N 120° 120° 120°

240°
60° 120° 120°
S
x x
N 120° 120° 120°

240°
60° 120° 120°
S
x x
N 120° 120° 120°

240°
60° 120° 120°
S
x x
N 120° 120° 120°

240°
60° 120° 120°
S
x x
N 120° 120° 120°

240°
CONSTRUCTION OF THREE-PHASE SINE WAVES

WHAT HAVE YOU LEARN JUST NOW???
• 6.4 Generation of Three Phase Winding

WHAT NEXT???
• 6.5 Types of three phase connection.

• 6.6 Voltage and Current In The Three Phase
System
• 6.7 Three Phase Load

6.5 TYPES OF THREE PHASE CONNECTIONS
1) STAR (WYE) CONNECTION

a a
a a
a’ a’
n n n
c’ b’ c’ b’
c b c b
b b
c c
(a)three wire (b) four wire

Figure 6.7: Three phase Y-connection
2) DELTA CONNECTION
a c’
a’ c
b b’
Figure 6.8: Three phase delta-connection

6.6 VOLTAGE & CURRENT IN 3-PHASE SYSTEM
6.6.1 VOLTAGE & CURRENT IN A STAR CONNECTED 3-PHASE SYSTEM

Ia
a
IF
Van Van
Vab Vca
In
n n
Vbn Vcn
Vcn Vbn
IF IF Ib
b
Ic Vbc
c
Figure 6.9: Three phase generator, Y connection

Line voltage (VL);
Vab: voltage between line a and line b
Vbc: voltage between line b and line c
Vca: voltage between line c and line a
Phase voltage (V);

For a 3 phase 3-wire connection; the phase voltage is the
voltage between the line and neutral point,n.
Van: voltage between line a and n
Vbn: voltage between line b and n
Vcn: voltage between line c and n
For a 3 phase 4-wire connection; the phase voltage is the

voltage between the line and neutral line.
Van: voltage between line a and neutral line
Vbn: voltage between line b and neutral line
Vcn: voltage between line c and neutral line

Vcn
Vbn Vcn
120o 120o
120o Van
120o 120o
120o
Vbn
Van
(a) (b)
Figure 6.10: Voltage Phasor Diagram
Figure 6.10 (a) shows a phasor diagram for the phase voltages. For a Y-
connection, usually Van is taken as reference as shown in Figure 6.10 (b)
and the polar expression for the phasor voltages are as follows:
Van = Van0 o
Vbn = Vbn-120 o
Vcn = Vcn120o
It can be shown that the magnitude of each line voltage is equal to 3 times
the magnitude of the phase voltage and that there is a phase angle of 30o
between each line voltage and the nearest phase voltage, i.e line voltage
leads phase voltage by 30o;
VL = 3 V30o
Since all phase voltages are equal in magnitude,

VL(ab)= 3 V30o
VL(bc)= 3 V-90o
VL(ca)= 3 V150o
The phasor diagram for the phase voltages and line voltages is shown in
Figure 6.11.

Vca Vcn Vab
150o
30o
Van
-90o
Vbn
Vbc
Figure 6.11: Phase diagram for the phase voltages and line voltages

Example 6.1
Three coils each having a resistance of 10 Ohm and inductance of 0.02 H are
connected in star to a 3-phase, 50 Hz supply, the line voltage being 500 V.
Calculate (a) phase voltage and (b) line current
Solution:
(a) Y-connection; Line voltage = 3 x phase voltage

Vphase = Vline/3 = 500/3 = 288.7 volt
(b) Inductive reactance/phase = XL = 2fL = 2 x  x 50 x 0.02 = 6.28

Zphase = (102 + 6.282) = 11.8
Iphase = Vphase/Zphase = 288.7/11.8 = 24.5 A
ILine = Iphase = 24.5 A

Example 6.2
400 V (line to line) is applied to three star-connected identical

impedances each consisting of a 4  resistance in series with 3
inductive reactance. Find (a) phase voltage and (b) line current
(c ) phase voltage for each phase (d) line current for each phase.
Solution:
(a) Y-connection; Line voltage = 3 x phase voltage

Vphase = Vline/3 = 400/3 = 230.9 volt
(b) Zphase = (42 + 32)= 5 

Iphase = Vphase/Zphase = 230.9/5 = 46.2 A
ILine = Iphase = 46.2 A

6.6.2 VOLTAGE & CURRENT IN A DELTA CONNECTED 3-PHASE
SYSTEM
Figure 6.12: Three phase generator,  connection

Line voltage, VL for a  connection is the same as the phase voltage, V in
term of its magnitude and phase angle. Therefore
VL = V
With reference to figure 6.12, the phase voltage and the line voltage are Vab,
Vbc and Vca .
Vab: voltage across the line a and line b or voltage across the winding aa’
Vbc: voltage across the line b and line c or voltage across the winding bb’
Vca: voltage across the line c and line a or voltage across the winding cc’

All the phase voltages are equal in
magnitude, thus the line voltages are Ica
expressed in polar form as follows:
VL(ab) = V0o 120o

VL(bc) = V-120o
VL(ca) = V120o 120o Iab
120o
The phasor diagram for the phase currents,
I is shown in Figure 6.13, and the polar
expression for each current are as follows:
Ibc
Iab= Iab  0o
Figure 6.13: Current phasor diagram
I bc= Ibc  -120o
I ca= Ica  120o
It can be shown that the magnitude of each line current is equal to 3 times
the magnitude of the phase current and that there is a phase angle of 30o
between each line voltage and the nearest phase voltage, i.e line current
lags phase current by 30o;
IL = 3 I-30o
Since all phase currents are equal in magnitude;
IL(a)= 3 I  -30o
IL(b)= 3 I -150o
IL(c)= 3 I 90o

Ic
Ica
120 90o
o
120 Iab
o
120 -
o 30o
-
Ib Ibc 150 -150 ° Ia
o
Figure 6.14: Phasor diagram of line currents

Example 6.3
Three coils, each of resistance 6 and inductive reactance 8
are joined in delta across 400 V, 3 phase lines. Calculate the line
current.
Solution;
Vphase = Vline = 400 V

Zphase = (62 + 82)= 10
Iphase = Vphase/Zphase = 400/10 = 40 A
Iline = 3 x Iphase = 3 x 40 = 69.3 A

Example 6.4
Three coils each having a resistance of 10 Ohm and inductance of 0.02 H

are connected in star to a 3-phase, 50 c/s supply, the line voltage being
500 V. Calculate (a) phase voltage and (b) line current.
Solution:
(a) Delta-connection; Line voltage = phase voltage

Vphase = Vline = 500 volt
(b) Inductive reactance/phase = XL = 2fL = 2 x  x 50 x 0.02 = 6.28

Zphase = (102 + 6.282) = 11.8
Iphase = Vphase/Zphase = 500/11.8 = 42.4 A
ILine = 3 x Iphase = 3 x 42.4 = 73.4 A

6.6.3 POWER IN Y AND  CONNECTIONS
(a) Y connection:
Power per phase = VI cos 

Total power (true, active) P = 3 x power per phase
P = 3 x VI cos  watt
Now V = VL/3 and I = IL

Hence in terms of line values, the above expression becomes
P = 3 x (VL/3) IL cos  watt
P = 3 VL IL cos  watt
Apparent power , S = 3 VL IL VA (volt-ampere)
Reactive power, Q = 3 VL ILsin  VAR (reactive volt-ampere)

(b)  connection;
Power per phase = VI cos 

Total power (true, active) P = 3 x power per phase
P = 3 x VI cos  watt
Now V= VL and I = IL /3
Hence in terms of line values, the above expression becomes
P = 3 VL IL cos  W (watt)
Apparent power , S = 3 VL IL VA (volt-ampere)
Reactive power, Q = 3 VL IL sin  VAR (reactive volt-ampere)

Three coils each having a resistance of
Example 6.5 50 Ohm and inductance of 0.05 H are
connected in star to a 3-phase, 50 Hz
Calculate supply, the line voltage being 300 V.
(a)true power, P
(b)apparent power, S and
(c)reactive power,Q.
Solution:
Cos  = Power factor, p.f = R/Z =

f = Cos-1
f Sin  = Sin
P = 3 VL IL cos 
S = 3 VL IL
Q = 3 VL IL sin 

Refer to Ex. 6.3. Calculate
(a)V phase, V
(b) Zphase
(b)Phase current, Iphase
(c)Line current, ILine Three coils, each of resistance
(d)true power, P 4 and inductive reactance 5 are
(e)apparent power, S and joined in delta across 415 V, 3
(f)reactive power,Q. phase lines..
(g)Currents phasor diagram
Solution:
Cos  = Power factor, p.f = R/Z = 6/10 = 0.6

 = Cos-1 0.847 = 53.1o
Sin  = Sin 53.1 = 0.8
P = 3 VL IL cos  = 3 x 400 x 69.3 x 0.6 = 28,800

W
S = 3 VL IL = 3 x 400 x 69.3 = 48,000 VA
Q = 3 VL IL sin  = 3 x 400 x69.3 x 0.8 = 38,410

6.6.4 COMPARISON BETWEEN STAR AND DELTA
SYSTEMS
Star connected system Delta connected system

Similar ends are joined together. Dissimilar ends are joined.
V = VL/3 V = V L
I = I L I = IL/3
Possible to carry neutral to the load. Neutral wire are not available.
Provides 3-phase 4-wire arrangement. Provides 3-phase 3-wire arrangement.
High Power application. Low power application.
Neutral wire of a star connected Delta connected system is mostly

alternator can be connected to earth, used in transformer for running small
so relays and protective devices can low voltage 3-phase motor.
be provided in the star connected
alternators for safety.

6.7 THREE PHASE LOAD
Three phase load consists of three phase impedance in each phase; i.e
impedance in phase a (Za),
impedance in phase b (Zb),
impedance in phase c (Zc).
The magnitude and the phase angle of each impedances depend on the type of
load. Generally, three phase load can be divided into two types:
1)Balanced three phase load

Impedance (load) in each phase has the same magnitude and phase
angle; for example three phase motor where Za=Zb=Zc.
Figure 6.15 shows a Y and  connected balanced load where Za=Zb=Zc and
za = zb = zc.

Ia
a
a
Ia
Iab
Van ZaÐqza
In ZaÐqza ZcÐqzc
n n Vab
Vca
ZcÐqzc
ZbÐqzb
Vbn Vcn ZbÐqzb
Ica
Ib Ib Ibc
b b
Ic Vbc Ic
c c
Figure 6.15: Y – connected balanced load -connected balanced
load

2) Unbalanced three phase load
Three independent single-phase loads where for example, Za is a lighting
circuit, Zb is a heater, and Zc is an air conditioning compressor.
Figure 6.16 shows a Y and  connected unbalanced load where Za≠Zb≠Zc and
za ≠ zb ≠ zc.
Ia
a
a
Ia
Iab
Van ZaÐqza
In ZaÐqza ZcÐqzc
n n Vab
Vca
ZbÐqzb ZcÐqzc
Vbn Vcn ZbÐqzb
Ica
Ib Ib Ibc
b b
Ic Vbc Ic
c c
Figure 6.16: Y – connected unbalanced load -connected unbalanced load

6.8 THREE PHASE SOURCE/LOAD ANALYSIS
The four source/load configurations are:
• Y-connected source driving a Y-connected load (Y-Y system)

• Y-connected source driving a -connected load (Y- system)
• -connected source driving a Y-connected load (-Y system)
• -connected source driving a -connected load (- system)

6.8.1 Y-Y SYSTEM
ILa
a
IF a V Fa Ia Za Vza
In
n n
IFb Ib Ic
IF c Zb Zc
VFb VFc
ILb Vzb Vzc
b c
ILc
Source Load
Figure 6.17: A Y-Y System
Where,
Iz =I=IL= and
Vz = V 
Example 6.7 :
Three loads each of impedance 22.426.6 o  are joined in Y as shown in Figure

6.17 across a Y-connected 415 volt supply. Determine the following:
a) Load current in each phase
b) Line current in each phase and
c) Neutral current
Solution :
Load impedance, Za=Zb=Zc = 22.426.6o

Given source voltage = 415 volt ( Line Voltage);
Therefore, phase voltage of the source; Van =4150o /3 = 2400o volt;
Vbn = 415-120o /3 = 240-120o volt; Vcn =415120o /3 = 240120o volt
The phase voltage of the source is equal to the phase voltage of the load.

a) Ia = Vza/Za = 2400o/22.426.6o = 10.7-26.6o
Ib = Vzb/Zb = 240-120o/22.426.6o = 10.7-146.6o
Ic = Vzc/Zc = 240120o/22.426.6o = 10.793.4o
b) Because line current and phase current are the same;

ILa = 10.7-26.6o
ILb = 10.7-14.6o
ILc = 10.793.4o
c) Ineutral = Ia + Ib + Ic = 10.7-26.6o + 10.7-146.6o + 10.793.4o

= 0 (balanced load)

6.8.2 Y- SYSTEM
a
ILa
Iab
IFa VF a
Vza
n Vca Vab Za Zc Vzc
IFb
IFc
VFb VF c Vzb
ILb Ibc Ica
Zb
b c
Vbc ILc
Source Load
Figure 6.18: A Y- System
Where, VZ = VL = V
And, 3 IZ = IL
Example 6.8 :
A three phase supply 415 volt Y-connected is supplying to a -connected load

each of impedance 5030o is shown in Figure 6.19. Determine the load
voltages and load currents. Draw the phasor diagram.
a
ILa
Iab
VFa
50
W
30 o
Ð3
n Vab=415Ð0o V Za Zc
0
o
50
W
Vca=415Ð120o V
VFb VFc
ILb Ibc 50Ð30oW Ica
Zb
b c
Vbc=415Ð-120o ILc
V
Source Load
Figure 6.19

Solution :
Line voltage, VL of the source (Vab, Vbc and Vca) is equal to the voltage at each
load.
The load voltages; Vza = 4150o V

Vzb = 415-120o
Vzc = 415120o
The load currents; Iab = Vza/Za = 4150o/5030o = 8.3-30o A

Ibc = Vzb/Za = 415-120o/5030o = 8.3-150o A
Ica = Vzc/Za = 415120o/5030o = 8.390o A
The phasor diagram is shown in Figure 6.20.

zc
Ica = 8.3Ð90o A
o
Vza = 415Ð0o V
ab
bc
o
o
zb
Figure 6.20: Phasor Diagram

6.8.3 -Y SYSTEM
ILa
a
IFa
Vab Vca Ia Za Vza
VFa VFc
n
Ib Ic
Zb Zc
IFc Vzb Vzc
IF b b c
VFb
Vbc ILc
ILb
Source Figure 6.21: -Y System
Load
Vz = VL/3
IL = I a = I b = I c

Example 6.9 :
Determine the current and voltages in the balanced load of impedance 60-j20
and the magnitude of the line voltages in Figure 6.22.
ILa=1.5Ð0o A
a
IFa
Vab Vca Ia Za Vza
VF a VFc
n
Ib Ic
Zb Zc
I Fc Vzb Vzc
IFb b c
VF b
Vbc ILc=1.5Ð120o A
ILb=1.5Ð-120o A
Source Load
Figure 6.22

Solution :
The load current is equal to the line current;

Ia = ILa = 1.60o A
Ib = ILb = 1.6-120o A
Ic = ILc = 1.6120o A
The voltages across the load are;

Vza = IaZa = (1.60o)( 60-j20) V
= (1.60o)( 63.2-18.4o) V = 101.19-18.4o V
Vzb = IbZb = (1.6-120o)( 60-j20) V
= (1.6-120o)( 63.2-18.4o) V = 101.19-138.43o V
Vzc = IcZc = (1.6120o)( 60-j20) V
= (1.6120o)( 63.2-18.4o) V = 101.19101.57o V
The magnitude of the line voltages is;

VL = 3 Vz = 3 x 101.19 V = 175 V
6.8.4 - SYSTEM
ILa
I Fa
Iab
Vab Vca
V Fa VF c Vza Vzc
Zc
Za
IFc Vzb Ica
Zb
IFb V Fb ILc Ibc
Vbc
ILb
Source Load
Figure 6.23: - System
Where;
For a balanced load;
Va = VLa=Vza
V = VL=Vz
Vb = VLb=Vzb
And the line current is;
Vc = VLb=Vzb IL= 3Iz

Example 6.10 :
Determine the load currents, Iab, Ibc and Ica and the magnitude of the line
current as given in Figure 6.24.
ILa
IFa
Iab
Vab Vca
24
0
V
Ð1
200
VFa VFc
Ð0 o
20
Ð
Ð6 o
o
65
5
0
o
24
V
W
200
IFc 240Ð-120o V Ica
IFb VFb ILc Ibc 200Ð65o W
Vbc
ILb
Source Load
Figure 6.24

Solution :
The line voltage, VL (Vab, Vbc, Vca) is equal to the load voltage, Vz
The load currents are;
Iab = Vab/Za = 2400o/20065o A = 1.2-65o A

Ibc = Vbc/Zb = 240-120o/20065o A =1.2-185o A
Ica = Vca/Zc = 240120o/20065o A =1.255o A
The magnitude of the line current;
IL = 3 Iab = 3 x 1.2 A = 2.08 A

6.9 MEASUREMENT OF THREE PHASE POWER
Current coil
1 + 2
-
3
Voltage coil
Figure 6.25: Wattmeter Schematic

There are three methods available for measuring power in a 3-phase
Y or -connected load.
a) One wattmeter method

b) Two wattmeter method and
c) Three wattmeter method
a) One wattmeter method
W1
a a
W1
Za
n n Zc
Za
Zb
Zc
b b
Zb
c c
(a) Y-connected load (b) -connected load
Therefore,
PTotal = 3 x W1 watt

b) Two wattmeter method
W1 W1
a a
Za
n Za
Zc
Zb
Zc
b b
Zb
W2
c c
W2
(a) Y-connected load b) -connected load
PTotal = W1 + W2 watt

c) Three Wattmeter Method
W1
a a
W1
Za
Zc
n n W3
Za
Zb
W2 Zc
W2
b b
Zb
W3
c c
(a) Y-connected load (b) -connected load
PTotal = W1 + W2 + W3 watt

SUMMARY
1) A simple three phase generator consists of three conductive loops

separated by 1200
2) Advantages of three phase system over single phase systems are
smaller copper cross section for the same power delivered to the load,
constant power delivered to the load
3) Three phase system can be connected either in star or delta. Star
connection is sometimes called a wye connection and a delta connection is
sometimes called mesh connection.
4) The voltage across the components of the load or source are termed
phase voltage. The voltage between each pair of lines are termed line
voltage.
5) The current that flow in the components of the load or source are
termed phase current. The current that flow in each of the lines are termed
line current.

6) In star connection, line current = phase current and line voltage = 3
phase voltage.
7) In star connection, line voltage leads phase voltage by 300
8) In delta connection, line voltage = phase voltage and line current
= 3 phase current
9) In delta connection, line current lags phase current by 300
10) A balanced load is one in which all impedances are equal.
11) Power is measured in a three phase load using either the one
wattmeter method (balanced load), two wattmeter method (balanced
and unbalanced load) and three wattmeter method (unbalanced load).

Unit 6 - Balanced Three Phase System

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Unit 6 - Balanced Three Phase System

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ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF DATA TRANSMISSION & NETWORK

• 6.1 Advantages of Three Phase System

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

After completing this lesson student should be able to:

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

• In Malaysia, as in most part of the world,

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

• In a single phase system, it has a

• This unit briefly described the emf

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

• The relationship between line and

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

1) Three phase motors, generators and transformers are simpler,

2) Three phase transmission lines can deliver more power for a

3) The voltage regulation of 3-phase transmission is inherently

4) Power produced by a single phase system is pulsating in nature, a

0 90o 180o 270o 360o q

Figure 6.2: Waveform of single phase e.m.f

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

N Motion is parallel to the flux.

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

N Motion is 45° to flux.

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

N Motion is perpendicular to flux.

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

N Motion is 45° to flux.

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

N Motion is parallel to flux.

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

Motion is 45° to flux.

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

N Motion is perpendicular to flux.

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

N Motion is 45° to flux.

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

N Motion is parallel to flux.

e Emf in aa’ Emf in bb’

0 90o 180o 270o 360o q

Figure 6.4: Waveform of a two phase emf

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

90° 90° 90°

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

90° 90° 90°

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

90° 90° 90°

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

90° 90° 90°

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

90° 90° 90°

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

• 6.1 Advantages of Three Phase System

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

• 6.4 Generation of Three Phase Winding

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

DEPARTMENT OF DATA TRANSMISSION & NETWORK

6.4 Generation Of Three Phase Winding

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

After completing this lesson student should be able to:

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY DFE2113

e Emf in aa’ Emf in bb’ Emf in cc’

0 90o 180o 270o 360o q