T R A N S P O S E O F A M AT R I X

R O W E C H E L O N
R E D U C E D R O W E C H E L O N
FORM
E L E M E N TA RY R O W
O P E R AT I O N
TRANSPOSE OF A
MATRIX
A transpose of a matrix A, denoted by , is an n x m
matrix, obtained by interchanging the rows and
columns.
FOR INSTANCE:
A= =
EXAMPLE:
Given:

A=B=

Evaluate:
1. A
2. Prove that:
EXAMPLE:
Evaluate:
1. A
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
Evaluate:
3. Prove that:
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
EXAMPLE:
 M AT R I X R E P R E S E N TAT I O N
OF SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
E Q U AT I O N S
Suppose given with a total of m equations in n unknowns:

.
.
.
 M AT R I X R E P R E S E N TAT I O N
OF SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
E Q U AT I O N S
The matrix:

is called the coefficient matrix.

 M AT R I X R E P R E S E N TAT I O N
OF SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
E Q U AT I O N S
The matrix:

X=
is called the column.

MATRIX OF VARIBLES
 M AT R I X R E P R E S E N TAT I O N
OF SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
E Q U AT I O N S
The matrix:

B=
is called the COLUMNS MATRIX OF
CONSTANT
 M AT R I X R E P R E S E N TAT I O N
OF SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
E Q U AT I O N S
Then the matrix:

is called the MATRIX FORM OF THE

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS
 M AT R I X R E P R E S E N TAT I O N
OF SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
E Q U AT I O N S
and the matrix:

is called the AUGMENTED MATRIX

EXAMPLE:
For instance:
ROW ECHELON
AND REDUCED
ROW ECHELON
FORM
ROW ECHELO N AN D REDU CED RO W ECH ELO N FO RM
A matrix is in row echelon form if ALL of the following conditions are satisfied:

a. ALL rows containing only of zeros, if any, are at the bottom of the matrix.
b. From the left, the first non-zero entry, if any in each row must be one (1). That
entry is called the leading entry of the row.
c. The leading entry of the next row (must be 1) occurs to the right of the leading
entry of the previous row.

A matrix is in reduced row echelon form if it is in row echelon form (a to c are

satisfied, and

d. Any column containing a leading entry (must be 1) of each row has all other entries
in that column to be zero.
EXAMPLE:
Determine if the following matrices are in row echelon form, reduced echelon form or
none.

A= A=

A= A=
ELEMENTARY
ROW
OPERATIONS
E L E M E N TA RY R O W
O P E R AT I O N S
Use to transform a given matrix to row echelon form or reduced row echelon form.

An elementary row operation on an m x n matrix A is one of these operations:

a. Multiplying any row of A by a non-zero constant ( )

b. Interchanging two rows of A.
c. Add k times row j row i.
EXAMPLE:
Transform the following matrices to its row echelon or reduced row echelon form:

A=
EXAMPLE:
ANY
QUESTIONS
?
THANK
YOU!!