POLITICAL

IDEOLOGIES
PRESENTED BY: JENBER CALPITO
JOHANNAH KIRBY SURAIT
11-HUMSS
WHAT IS

POLITICAL
IDEOLOGY?
 Antoine Destrutt de Tracy coined the term Ideology
as the “science of ideas”.
POLITICA Ideology becomes a political weapon to condemn
L or criticize opposing arrays of ideas or belief system.

IDEOLOGI Beliefs are people’s assessment of reality.

ES
Values are people’s ideas of right and wrong.
 Ideology is an interrelated set of ideas that in some
way guides or inspires political action
(Heywood,2002)

An ideology is a reasonably coherent structure of

What is thought shared by a group of people. It is a means
Ideology? of explaining how society works and explaining
how it ought to work. (Dobson, 1992)

Some uses of the term see ideology as something

negative, implying a distorted view of reality eg
capitalist ideology, patriarchal ideology
 LIBERALISM
CONSERVATISM
Basic Tenets
of the major SOCIALISM
Political COMMUNISM
Ideologies
FACISM
FEMINISM
 Derived from the word “libere” which means
“free men”

Individual freedom

LIBERALIS Equality of opportunity

M
Government by consent

State’s role is to safeguard the freedom of the

individual
 Individualism- Supreme importance of
individual over any social group
Freedom
Set of
Values and Reason - power of reason gives human being
the capacity to take charge of their own lives
Beliefs of
Liberalism Justice - moral standard of fairness and
impartiality
Toleration - willingness to accept views or
action with which one is in disagreement
 Derived from the term conservation

CONSERVATIS Seeks to preserve all that is good about the

M past

Gives greater attention to social entities than

to individuals having the inclination to
oppose any change in a political environment
 An economic and political doctrine
advocating government ownership

SOCIALIS Adheres to social equality to attain

M social stability

An instrument of labor movement

 Karl Marx

COMMUNIS
M
Social and political system
seeking government
ownership of the means of
productions and services
 Benito Mussolini

Repressive social conditions rejecting democracy

Repudiates constitutionalism
FACISM All values arise from the state and the individual has no right

Totalitarian omniponent state

Militarism and Violence

 Women experience a poor
state in the society

Focus on the position of

FEMINISM women in the society
Gender equality in the
political economic and social
spheres