PGS-716 DISASTER MANAGEMENT (1+0)

INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER POLLUTION

K. PRAVIN KUMAR
PG SCHOLAR
DEPARTMENT OF AGRI. EXTENSION
WATER POLLUTION

• Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which make the
water unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and other activities. Pollutants include
chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites.
• All forms of pollution eventually make their way to water.
• Water pollution has many sources.
• The most polluting of them are the city sewage and industrial waste discharged into the
rivers.
INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER POLLUTION:

• Industrial waste is defined as waste generated by manufacturing or industrial processes.

• These Industrial discharge contains a large number of hazardous chemicals.
•  It discharges these chemicals directly into the rivers, lakes, or nearby water bodies.
• These highly toxic chemicals may harm aquatic animals and human beings.
• Many factories also use freshwater to carry away their waste into the water bodies.
WASTE GENERATED FROM INDUSTRIES:

• The types of industrial waste generated include

• cafeteria garbage, dirt and gravel, masonry and concrete, scrap metals, trash, oil, solvents,
chemicals, weed grass and trees, wood and scrap lumber, and similar wastes.
• It may be hazardous waste (some types of which are toxic) or non-hazardous waste.
• Industrial waste may pollute the nearby soil or adjacent water bodies, and can contaminate
groundwater, lakes, streams, rivers or coastal waters.
• Industrial waste is often mixed into municipal waste, making accurate assessments difficult.
EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER
POLLUTION:
• It diminishes the aesthetic quality of lakes and rivers.
• More seriously, contaminated water destroys aquatic life and reduces its reproductive
ability.
• Eventually, it is a hazard to human health. Nobody can escape the effects of water
pollution.
• Polluted water causes some of the deadly diseases like cholera, dysentery, diarrhoea
tuberculosis, jaundice etc…
WASTE REDUCTION TECHNIQUES:

• Change the composition of the product to reduce the amount of waste resulting from the
product’s use.
• Reduce or eliminate hazardous materials that enter the production process.
• Use technology (including measuring and cutting) to make changes to the production
process; equipment, layout or piping; or operating conditions.
• Purchase what you need to avoid waste from unwanted materials.
RECYCLING TECHNIQUES:

• Return waste material to original process.

• Use the waste material as a raw material substitute for another process.
• Process waste material for resource recovery.
• Process waste material as a by-product.
• Investigate contractors to recycle waste material.
• Advertise waste material.
• Use packaging waste again (cardboard, bubble wrap or polystyrene).
CONTROL MEASURES:

• Recycling and reuse of water.

• Treating industrial effluents before discharging into rivers, separate chaneeos for river and
sewage water.
• The waste products finding their way to the discharge point from the factory outlet are
reduced, thus contributing less towards pollution.
• The reuse of wastewater also means that the company's requirements for fresh water will
decrease, as will its water bills.
BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD):

• BOD is used, often in wastewater-treatment plants, as an index of the degree of organic

pollution in water.
• BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen required to remove waste organic matter from
water in the process of decomposition by aerobic bacteria (those bacteria that live only in
an environment containing oxygen).
• The waste organic matter is stabilized or made unobjectionable through its decomposition
by living bacterial organisms which need oxygen to do their work.