Nucleic

Acid
PRESENTATION OF GROUP 4
Nucleic Acid
 Nucleic acid is an important
macromolecules that serve
as storage of genetic
information of the cell. It is
made up of nucleotide
monomers that contain a
nitrogenous base, a pentose
sugar, and a phosphate
group.
Two Types of Nucleic
Acid
DNA
( deoxyribonucleic acid )
RNA
 ( ribonucleic acid )
 DNA
 ( deoxyribonucleic acid ), the
blue print of life that carries
the genetic material and
provides information for its
own replication. It is a double
helix structure composed of a
sugar and prosphate backbone
and complementary bases
Adenine-Thymine and
Cytosine-Guanine pair.
 RNA
 ( ribonucleic acid ), it
carries that
information from
DNA for protein
synthesis.
 Types of RNA

1. Messenger RNA (mRNA)

2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
4. Small Nuclear RNA (snRNA)
 01
Messenger RNA
(mRNA)
 Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a type of RNA that carries
genetic information from the DNA in the cell nucleus to
ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it is translated into
proteins. mRNA is transcribed from DNA and consists of a
sequence of nucleotides that encodes the information
necessary for the synthesis of a protein.
02
Ribosomal RNA
(rRNA)
 Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a type of RNA that is a major
component of ribosomes, which are the molecular machines
responsible for translating mRNA into proteins. Ribosomes consist
of two subunits, each of which contains rRNA and proteins. The
rRNA molecules in the ribosome provide a scaffold for the
assembly of the protein synthesis machinery.
 03
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
 Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of RNA that carries amino acids to the
ribosome during protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule is specific for a
particular amino acid and has an anticodon that is complementary to a codon
in the mRNA. The anticodon ensures that the correct amino acid is added to
the growing polypeptide chain. tRNA molecules are the link between the
genetic information in mRNA and the sequence of amino acids in the protein.
04
Small Nuclear RNA
(snRNA)
 Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is a type of RNA molecule
that plays a crucial role in pre-mRNA splicing, which is the
process of removing introns (non-coding regions) and
joining together exons (coding regions) to produce mature
mRNA molecules.
END!