D C AR B O N S T E E L P LA T E S

WE L
IZ O N T AL AN D V E R T IC A L
IN HOR
POSITION
CA RBO N ST EE L P LAT ES
PERFORM FILLET WELD ON
 WHAT IS ESSENTIALS OF WELDING?

•Is a practical skills that requires continual practice and

careful attention to the variables that the welder
controls to improve.
5 ESSENTIAL VARIABLES
• Current setting- the welding current or amperage essential to producing welds with good
appearance and required strength characteristics. The welder control the amperage variable by
setting the correct amperage required on the welding machine prior to welding.

• Type of current
-Alternating current
-Direct current
-Direct current reverse polarity
-Direct current straight polarity
CURRENT RANGES:
LENGTH OF ARC
• The distance from the tip of the electrode to the base metal and can be
varied from lightly touching the metal at an angle sufficient to
maintain an arc to a distance far enough from the base metal to
extinguish the arc.
ANGLE OF ELECTRODE
 DIFFERENT KINDS OF ELECTRODE
• ELECTRODE #7018- one of the strongest welding rod and is using for tall buildings and bridges.
• Electrode #6011- used for strong penetration or the root pass, the task of this electrode is to give a good
performance in a root pass.

• Electrode #6013- for tacking or spot in other term. This electrode is very common to local welding shop.
It is good to use in making steel window, steel gates, window grills and even flowering stand.

• Electrodes are classified by a letter and numbering systems as follows:

E- indicates electrode
60-tensile strength
1- welding position
3- type of current / flux type or welding coat
ESSENTIALS OF WELDING (CLAMS)
1. CORRECT ELECTRODE TYPE AND SIZE

SPRAY TYPE ELECTRODE GLOBULAR TYPE ELECTRODE

2. CORRECT CURRENT
• STRONG AMPHERE TO THICK AND THIN MATERIALS WILL RESULT TO THIS:
3. CORRECT ARC LENGTH
4. CORRECT TRAVEL SPEED
5. CORRECT ELECTRODE / WORK ANGLE
WHAT IS AN ACCEPTABLE WELD IN WELDING?

• AN ACCEPTABLE WELD IS DEFINE AS A WELD THAT MEETS THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS. THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR AN ACCEPTABLE WELD DEPEND ON:
1. THE TYPE OF WELDING BEING DONE
2. THE MATERIALS BEING USED
3. THE ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THE WELDING IS TAKING PLACE
4. THE PURPOSE OF THE WELD
FOR EXAMPLE, A WELD THAT IS STRONG ENOUGH TO HOLD TWO PIECES OF METAL
TOGETHER IN A FACTORY SETTING MAY NOT BE STRONG ENOUGH TO HOLD
TOGETHER TWO PARTS OF A CAR FRAME DURING A CAR CRASH. SIMILARLY, A
WELD THAT IS ADEQUATE FOR USE IN AN OUTDOOR SETTING MAY NOT BE
ADEQUATE FOR USE IN AN UNDERWATER SETTING.

WHAT IS AN ACCEPTABLE FILLET WELD?

•A FILLET WELD IS AN INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL JOIN BETWEEN TWO
MEMBERS, IN WHICH THE WELD PROFILE IS TRIANGULAR IN CROSS-
SECTION. THE TERM “FILLET WELD” ORIGINATES FROM THE LATIN WORD
FOR “LITTLE FISH” DUE TO ITS SIMILARITY IN SHAPE TO A SMALL FISH.
WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ACCEPTABLE WELD PROFILES?

AN ACCEPTABLE FILLET WELD MUST MEET THE FOLLOWING CRITERIA:

• THE ROOT FACE OF THE WELD MUST BE FLUSH WITH OR BELOW THE ORIGINAL SURFACE
OF THE MEMBERS BEING JOINED.

• THE WELD BEAD MUST BE CONTINUOUS AND FREE OF CRACKS, VOIDS, OR OTHER
DEFECTS.

• THE WELDING CURRENT MUST BE WITHIN THE RANGE SPECIFIED BY THE

MANUFACTURER OF THE WELDING MACHINE.
UNACCEPTABLE FILLET WELD PROFILES
THEY INCLUDE THOSE THAT ARE CONVEX, CONCAVE OR HAVE A “DOG-
LEG” SHAPE.
What do we mean by acceptable criteria for completed welds?

There are many factors that must be considered when determining the
acceptability of a completed weld. Some of these factors include:
• The type of welding being done.
• The materials being used.
• The environment in which the welding is taking place.
CONCLUSION
WHEN WELDING, IT IS IMPORTANT TO FOLLOW ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
AND TO USE THE PROPER EQUIPMENT. IN ADDITION, IT IS IMPORTANT TO
MAKE SURE THAT THE AREA IN WHICH YOU ARE WELDING IS CLEAN AND FREE
OF DEBRIS. IT IS ALSO IMPORTANT TO CREATE AN ACCEPTABLE WELD BY
FOLLOWING THE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR THE TYPE OF WELDING YOU
ARE DOING, THE MATERIALS YOU ARE USING, AND THE ENVIRONMENT IN
WHICH YOU ARE WELDING.
WHY UNIFORMITY OF BEADS IS IMPORTANT IN
WELDING?

• THE UNIFORMITY OF THE BEAD SIZE IS ALSO IMPORTANT FROM THE

STANDPOINT OF APPEARANCE AS WELL AS STRENGTH. IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF WELDED HEAVY STRUCTURES, TACK WELDING IS OFTEN
EXECUTED FOR POSITIONING THE WORK- PIECE ACCURATELY AND
PREVENTING WELD DISTORTION BE- FORE THE MAIN WELDING.