Stoichiometry

FROM THE GREEK WORDS

“STOICHEION” MEANING “ELEMENT”
AND “METRON” MEANING “MEASURE”
Involves the mass relationships between reactants and
products in a chemical reaction.

All reaction stoichiometry relationships start with a

balanced chemical equation.

Equation gives the relative numbers of moles of

reactants and products.

Solve problems using RATIOS from the balanced

equation.
 Chocolate Chip Cookies!!
1 cup butter
1/2 cup white sugar
1 cup packed brown sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
2 eggs
2 1/2 cups all-purpose flour
1 teaspoon baking soda
1 teaspoon salt
2 cups semisweet chocolate chips
Makes 3 dozen
How many eggs are needed to make 3 dozen cookies?
How much butter is needed for the amount of chocolate chips used?
How many eggs would we need to make 9 dozen cookies?
How much brown sugar would I need if I had 1 ½ cups white sugar?
 Recipes and Equations

JUST LIKE CHOCOLATE CHIP COOKIES HAVE RECIPES,

CHEMISTS HAVE RECIPES AS WELL
INSTEAD OF CALLING THEM RECIPES, WE CALL THEM
REACTION EQUATIONS
FURTHERMORE, INSTEAD OF USING CUPS AND TEASPOONS,
WE USE MOLES
LASTLY, INSTEAD OF EGGS, BUTTER, SUGAR, ETC. WE USE
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AS INGREDIENTS
RECALL
 Interpreting a Chemical Reaction
N + 3H  2NH
2 2 3
 Number of atoms: 2 atoms of nitrogen, 6 atoms of
hydrogen, 8 atoms of ammonia
 Number of molecules: 1 molecule of nitrogen, 3
molecules, 2 molecules of ammonia (1:3:2 ratio)
 Number of relative moles: 1 mole of nitrogen, 3 relative
moles of hydrogen, 2 relative moles of ammonia
 Molecules and moles are not the same thing
 Mass: 28.0 g of nitrogen, 6.0 g of hydrogen, 34 g of
ammonium
 Volume: 22.4L of nitrogen, 67.2L of hydrogen, 44.8L of
ammonia
 Because 1 mol of any gas at STP occupies a volume of 22.4L
Stoichiometric Calculations
 on
e rsi
n v
o
eC
ol
M
to
e
ol
M
 Moles to Mass Conversion and Mass to Mass
Conversions
•Given mass (g) of reactant A to moles of product C and vice
versa

•Given mass (g) of product C to moles of reactant A and vice

versa
•Given mass (g) of reactant A to mass (g) of product C and vice
versa.

•The same principle can be used if reactant B is used and/or when

only reactants are involved.
•In dealing with compounds, the molar mass must first be
determined.
References
https://go.roguecc.edu/sites/go.roguecc.edu/files/users/PLoozen/CHEM104/Ch.5.ppt

https://www.franklinboe.org/cms/lib/NJ01000817/Centricity/Domain/2395/Stoichiometry
%20PPT.pptx

https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/courses/cem151/chap3lect_2009.ppt

https://www.mcvts.net/cms/lib/NJ01911694/Centricity/Domain/136/chap11.pdf

Langley Prentice Hall Chemistry Textbook