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System of
Forces
System of
Forces
Scalar
Example of
Position Notation for
Vectors Vectors
Addition
Introduction
Engineering
Mechanics
Cartesian
Vector
Position Notation for
Vectors Vectors
Addition
Applying
Rectangular
Components
in Vector
Addition
System of Forces
When two or more forces act on a body, they are called to form a system of forces.
Following systems of forces are important from the subject point of view:
Coplanar forces: the forces, whose lines of action lie on the same plane
Collinear forces: the forces, whose lines of action lie on the same line
Concurrent forces: the forces, which meet at one point. Concurrent forces may or may not
be collinear
Coplanar concurrent forces: the forces, which meet at one point and their lines of action lie
on the same plane
Coplanar non-concurrent forces: the forces, which do not meet at one point and their lines
of action lie on the same plane
Non-coplanar concurrent forces: the forces, which meet at one point and their lines of
action do not lie on the same plane
Non-coplanar non-concurrent forces: the forces, which do not meet at one point and their
lines of action do not lie on the same plane
Please name the type of System
of Forces
y y y
1 2 𝐹4
3 4
𝐹1 𝐹2 𝐹3
𝐹1 𝐹2
𝐹1
X X X
Coplanar Collinear Coplanar Concurrent Coplanar parallel
y y
5 𝑊1 𝑊2 𝑊3 6 7
𝐹1
𝐹2 𝐹1
……. 𝐹2
𝑅𝐴 𝑅𝐵 X X
𝐹4
Coplanar parallel 𝐹3
z
Addition of a System of Coplanar
Forces
Coplanar Force
Resultants
Rectangular components
of a vector F 3 4
1 2
Addition of a System of Coplanar
Forces - 2
5 Any number of coplanar 6 Once these components are 7 Using Phytagorean theorem,
forces can be determined, they may be sketched magnitude of FR is obtained
represented by the along the x and y axes with their
components of the proper sense of direction, the
resultant force by the resultant force can be determined
algebraic sum of the x from vectors addition shown below Angle , specifies the
8
and y components of all direction of the resultant
the forces force can be computed from
trigonometry:
Position Vector
1
3
2
Position Vector
1
3
2
Position Vector Addition
Using head-to-tail vector addition and triangle rule, one can obtain
Position Vector Example
An elastic rubber
band is attached to
points A and B as
shown in the figure.
Determine its
length and its
direction measured
from A toward B!
Example 1