Lesson 16.

The Literature Review

Do You Want to Edit This Presentation?

Make a copy and edit Download an offline

in Google Slides. copy and edit in
1. On the menu bar, click File and
Microsoft PowerPoint.
then Make a copy and Entire
1. On the menu bar, click File and
Presentation.
then Download as.
2. Type a name for the file.
Do you want to edit this presentation?
3. Choose where to save it on
your Google Drive.
2. Choose a file type. Select
Microsoft PowerPoint (.pptx).
3. Wait for the file to be
4. Click Ok.
downloaded to your local disk.
5. A new tab will open. Wait for
4. Once completely downloaded,
the file to be completely loaded
open the file and edit it using
on a new tab.
Microsoft PowerPoint or any
6. Once the file has loaded, edit
offline presentation program.
this presentation using Google
Slides.
 Learning Competency

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to

identify the unique features of and requirements in
composing texts that are useful across disciplines:
research report (EN11/12RWS-IVdg-12.2).
 Objective

At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to

analyze the features of a literature review.
Essential Question

Why should we have sufficient knowledge of the

field of our study?
 Try it!
Warm-Up

Think-Pair-Share

1. What do you do first before you

a. watch a movie,
b. buy a phone or any gadget, and
c. buy a book?
2. Share your answers with your seatmate.
Review

● In which part of a research report can the literature

review be found?
● How can looking at other research papers and
reports help you conduct your research?
 Learn about It

Literature Review

● part of the introduction of a research report

● contains the background material of the research or study
● offers an overview of published literature, such as
journals and books, relevant to the research topic at hand
 Learn about It

Purposes of the Literature Review

1. to define and limit the topic of the research or study

2. to relate the current research or study to the existing
literature
3. to place the current research or study within the existing
literature
 Learn about It

Stages of the Literature Review

1. Formulation of the problem – The researcher determines

the topic or field to be examined and the significant issues
in it.
2. Search for related literature – The researcher finds
materials relevant to the subject.
 Learn about It

Stages of the Literature Review

3. Evaluation of data – The research determines which

literature contributes to the understanding of the topic.
4. Analysis and interpretation – The researcher examines
the findings and conclusions of pertinent literature.
 Learn about It

Steps in Writing a Literature Review

1. Define the topic or subject of your research and

determine the scope of the review.
2. Find relevant works in the library catalog, subject
databases, and other search tools.
 Learn about It

Steps in Writing a Literature Review

3. Determine whether the works are suitable for the subject

or topic of the research.
4. Create a list of the suitable works with their essential
publication details.
5. Analyze, interpret, and discuss the findings and
conclusions in the works that you have selected.
 Learn about It

Considerations in Making a Literature Review

1. The literature review should not be exhaustive. Only the

pertinent, directly related works should be included in the
report.
2. The literature should highlight any significant findings,
methods, and conclusions made in the earlier works.
 Learn about It

Considerations in Making a Literature Review

3. The literature review should differentiate how the evidence

from previous works is used in the current research or
study.
Learn about It

Sample Research Report

 Learn about It

Guide Questions

1. In which section of the research report did you find the

literature review?
2. What is the importance of the literature review for this
particular research report?
3. Is the literature review also effective in defining the scope
and limitations of the report? Why or why not?
 Learn about It

Guide Questions

4. Is the literature review able to summarize important

information well? Why or why not?
5. How was the literature review used in the rest of the
research report?
 Writing Prompts

Answer the following writing prompts

● Why is a literature review an important part of a research
report?
● How does one write an effective literature review?
● Pick one of the research reports you compiled from the last
lesson’s assignment. Write a literature review of it, making
sure that you highlight its pertinent information and how it
is useful in answering your research questions.
 Writing Prompts

Criteria Does Not Meet Nearly Meets Meets Expectations Exceeds Expectations
Expectations Expectations 3 4
1 2

Content / The prompt is not The prompt is somehow The prompt is The prompt is

Substance (25%) answered. answered but many answered well, but answered completely;

Relevance of the answer details are missing. some details are enough and

to the lesson missing. appropriate details are

given.

Organization (25%) The progression of ideas The progression of ideas The progression of ideas The progression of
Logical progression of is disorganized. is somewhat organized. is organized. ideas is well-
details/events; clear Transitions are unclear, Transitions are Transitions are organized. Transitions
transitions between making the text almost somewhat clear, leading sufficiently clear, are clear and effective,
ideas impossible to to vague understanding leading to full leading to full and easy
understand. of the text. understanding of the understanding of the
 Writing Prompts

Criteria Does Not Meet Nearly Meets Meets Expectations Exceeds Expectations
Expectations Expectations 3 4
1 2

Unity (25%) The sentences do The sentences flow fairly The sentences flow fairly The sentences

Ideas are cluttered not flow smoothly smoothly smoothly flow smoothly

from one to from one to from one to from one to

another. Many another, but two or more another, but one another. All the

details in the text details are not related detail is not related given details are

are not related to to the topic. to the topic. related to the

the topic. topic.

Language (25%) There are four or more There are two to three There is one language There are no language
Spelling, mechanics, language errors. language errors. error. errors.
grammar, and word
usage
 Values Integration

Even in situations outside of making research reports,

why is it important to be more knowledgeable in a
particular task or activity before attempting it?
 Synthesis

1. Pair up with your partner during the warm-up activity.

2. Your teacher will provide a general topic for the class.
3. Find a book or movie that can be relevant or pertinent to
the topic you have been given.
4. Write a literature review explaining the importance of your
chosen book or movie to the topic and why this
book/movie should be read/watched to understand the
topic better.
 Synthesis

5. Present your literature review in class. Then, the class can

work together to compile the reviews of the different
books and movies and leave them somewhere in the
classroom for perusal.
 Synthesis

6. After the activity, answer the following questions:

○ How is this activity similar to writing literature reviews for
research reports?
○ How do you think the compilation of the literature
reviews can be helpful for someone who wants to
understand your topic more?
 Synthesis

Criteria Does Not Meet Nearly Meets Meets Expectations Exceeds Expectations
Expectations Expectations 3 4
1 2

Content / The prompt is not The prompt is somehow The prompt is answered The prompt is answered
Substance (25%) answered. answered but many well, but some details completely; enough
Relevance of the answer details are missing. are missing. and appropriate details
to the lesson are given.

Organization (25%) The progression of ideas is The progression of ideas The progression of ideas The progression of ideas
Logical progression of disorganized. Transitions is somewhat organized. is organized. Transitions is well-organized.
details/events; clear are unclear, making the Transitions are are sufficiently clear, Transitions are clear
transitions between text almost impossible to somewhat clear, leading leading to full and effective, leading to
ideas understand. to vague understanding understanding of the full and easy
of the text. text. understanding of the
text.
 Synthesis

Criteria Does Not Meet Nearly Meets Meets Expectations Exceeds Expectations
Expectations Expectations 3 4
1 2

Unity (25%) The sentences do The sentences flow fairly The sentences flow The sentences

Ideas are cluttered not flow smoothly smoothly fairly smoothly flow smoothly

from one to from one to from one to from one to

another. Many another, but two or more another, but one another. All the

details in the text details are not related detail is not related given details are

are not related to to the topic. to the topic. related to the

the topic. topic.

Language (25%) There are four or more There are two to three There is one language There are no language
Spelling, mechanics, language errors. language errors. error. errors.
grammar, and word
 Assignment

1. Retrieve the other research reports that you found online

for the previous assignment.
2. Write a short literature review for each one.
3. Compile the literature reviews in one document and print
it out for submission.
 Criteria Does Not Meet Nearly Meets Meets Expectations Exceeds Expectations
Expectations Expectations 3 4
1 2

Content (50%) The output does not show The output somehow The output sufficiently The output clearly shows
Clear relationship of the relationship between shows the relationship shows the relationship the relationship between
online research to the the online research reports between the online between the online the online research
research questions and the research questions. research reports and the research reports and the reports and the research
research questions. research questions. questions.

Organization (25%) The progression of ideas is
Logical progression of disorganized. Transitions
details/events; clear are unclear, making the
transitions between ideas text almost impossible to
understand.
The progression of ideas is
somewhat organized.
Transitions are somewhat
clear, leading to vague
understanding of the text.
The progression of ideas The progression of ideas
is organized. Transitions is well-organized.
are sufficiently clear, Transitions are clear and
leading to full effective, leading to full
understanding of the and easy understanding
text. of the text.

Language (25%) There are four or more There are two to three There is one language There are no language
Spelling, mechanics, language errors. language errors. error. errors.
grammar, and word
usage
 Photo Credits

Fig. 1. Friends Reading contributed to

Quipper’s Content Illustration Bank.
 Bibliography
Concordia University. 2016. “How to Write a Literature Review.” Accessed September 29, 2018. http://library.concordia.ca/help/writing/literature-review.php.

Ghali, El Oumari. 2011. “The Effects of Climate Change on Forest Industry and Environment: Finland and Morocco.” Accessed.
https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/39944/Final%20thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Lapidez, J.P., J. K. Suarez, J. Tablazon, L. Dasallas, L. A. Gonzalo, J. Santiago, K. M. Cabacaba, M. M. A. Ramos, A. M. F. Lagmay, and V. Malano. 2013.
“Identification of Storm Surge Vulnerable Areas in the Philippines through Simulations of Typhoon Haiyan-Induced Storm Surge Using Tracks of
Historical Typhoons.” Accessed September 28, 2018.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279945521_Identification_of_storm_surge_vulnerable_areas_in_the_Philippines_through_the_simulation_of_
Typhoon_Haiyan-induced_storm_surge_levels_over_historical_storm_tracks.

Perelman, Leslie C., James Paradis, and Edward Barrett. 1996. Mayfield Electronic Handbook of Technical & Scientific Writing. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield
Publishing.

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. 6th ed. 2010. Washington, DC: America Psychological Association.

University of California Santa Cruz. 2016. “Write a Literature Review.” Accessed September 28, 2018. http://guides.library.ucsc.edu/write-a-literature-review.

USCLibraries. 2016. “Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper: 3. The Abstract.” Accessed September 29, 2018.
http://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/abstract.
 Bibliography

Recommended Links for This Unit:

Koopman, P. 1997. “How to Write an Abstract”. Accessed September 29, 2018. https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/essays/abstract.html

Purdue Online Writing Lab. 2018. Citation Style Chart. Accessed September 29, 2018.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/using_research/citation_style_chart.html

Royal Literary Fund. 2018. What is a literature review. Accessed September 29, 2018. https://www.rlf.org.uk/resources/what-is-a-literature-review/