Four stroke spark

ignition engine
 What is engine?
Any machine which converts
heat energy into mechanical
energy is called an Engine.
 Classification of engine
( in automobiles )

External Combustion Engine Internal Combustion Engine

Those engines where fuel is Those engines where fuel is

burnt outside Burnt inside
the combustion chamber the combustion chamber
Turbine Spark Compression Wankle Gas
Steam
Steam Ignition Ignition Engine Turbine
Engine
Engine Engine Engine
(2/4-Stroke) (2/4-Stroke)
Nikolaus Otto’s four stroke engine
{1878}
 Four Strokes Spark Ignition Engine
Spark
Plug
Intake valve
Exhaust
valve

Water Piston
Jackets

Connecting
Rod

Crank Shaft
 Induction Stroke
or
Suction Stroke
air-fuel
mixture
TDC
•Inlet valve open (10-12 degree
before TDC)
•Piston moves from TDC to BDC
•Partial vacuum is created BDC
•Charge enter into the
combustion chamber
•Inlet valve closed (50 degree
after BDC)
 Compression Stroke

•Piston moves from BDC to TDC

•Both valve closed
•Rise in temp. and pressure due
to piston movement
•Compression ratio- 6 to 12:1
•Piston reaches near TDC
 Power Stroke
•Charge ignited, with the help
of spark plug, before piston
reaches TDC
•Due to burning charge gases
expend in the cylinder
•Pressure reaches up to 35
Kg/sq. Cm and temp. up to
2000 degree
•Piston moves towards BDC
 Exhaust Stroke

•Exhaust valve open(50

degree before BDC)
•Piston moves towards
TDC due to momentum
of flywheel
•Burnt gases out through
exhaust valve
The four-stroke cycle
1=TDC
2=BDC
 A: Intake 
 B: Compression 
 C: Power 
  D: Exhaust 
1. Induction Stroke

2. Compression Stroke

3. Power Stroke

4. Exhaust Stroke
THANKS