Antomi dan Fisiologi

Hidung
Intan Permata Sari
Pembimbing :
dr. I Wayan Martana, Sp. THT

Departemen Ilmu Penyakit THT RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul 2015

 Fungsi Hidung
• Sebagai Indera Penghidu
• Menyiapkan udara inhalasi agar dapat
digunakan paru-paru
• Mempengaruhi Refleks tertentu pada paru-
paru
• Memotifikasi bicara

Adams, George., Boies, Lawrence., Higler, Peter. Boeis: Buku Ajar

Penyakit THT Edisi 6. 1997. Jakarta: ECG
 Hidung Bagian Luar

Adams, George., Boies, Lawrence., Higler, Peter. Boeis: Buku Ajar

Penyakit THT Edisi 6. 1997. Jakarta: ECG
Adams, George., Boies, Lawrence., Higler, Peter. Boeis: Buku Ajar
Penyakit THT Edisi 6. 1997. Jakarta: ECG
 Hidung Bagian Dalam

Adams, George., Boies, Lawrence., Higler, Peter. Boeis: Buku Ajar

Penyakit THT Edisi 6. 1997. Jakarta: ECG
 Vaskularisasi
• Arteri Karotis Interna
• Arteri Karotis Eksterna
 Sistem Limfatik

Anterior System

Posterior System

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 Nerve Supply

Parasymphatic fibers

• Supplement secretory and vasodilator functions

Sympathetic fibers

• Vasocontriction and inhibition of secretion

Sensory fibers

• The trigeminal nerve

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 Sinus Paranasalis

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
PHYSIOLOGY
 The Nose as an Olfactory Organ

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 Disorders of Olfaction-Dysosmias
Quantitative Qualitative

Hyperosmia Parosomia
• Oversensitivity
• Altered Perception if scents in presence of a stimulus

Normosomia

• Normal Sensitivity Phantosmia

Hypososmia • Perception of scent in the absence of a stimulus

• Reduced sensitivity
Anosmia
Anosmia
• Inability to identify perceives scent
• Complete inability to perceive scents
Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 The Nose as a Respiratory Organ
• Respiratory path-way

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 The Nasal Mucosa as a Protective Organ

Nasal mucosa is ensured by humoral and cellular mechanism

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 The Nose as a Reflex Organ
• Controlled by the action of autonomic nervous system on the
cavernous space of the vascular system of the nasal mucosa
Nasopetal Reflex

Nasofugal communications

Sneezing, lacrimal, and cough refleks

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 Influence of the Nose on Speech
“m” “n” “ng”

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 Function of Nasal Sinuses
• Secretion production and control of the nasal
mucosa → The sinuses Increase secretion →
The ostium to the lateral wall mucosa

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 Examining
Nose, Paranasal Sinuses, and
Face
 External Inspection and Palpation
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Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 Anterior Rhinoscopy
• Nasal secretion
• Location of abnormal secretion
• Swealing
• Properties of the mucosal
surface
• Position of the nasal septum
and septal deformity
• Pigmentation
• Presence of abnormal tissue
• Presence of mass
• Ulceration of perforations
Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 Posterior Rhinoscopy
• The opening and width of the
choanae
• The shape of posterior end of
the inferior and middle
turbinates
• Scars or deformities
• Tha shape of the posterior
part of nasal septum
• Nasal polyps, tumord
• Abnormal secretion
• The properties of mucosa
Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
 Nasal Endoscopy

Stammberger, Foreword., Becker, Founding., dkk. Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases
with Head and Neck Surgery 3rd Edition. 2009. Thieme Stuttgart:New York
The Quick Smell Identification Test
Thank You 